Lactate acid system recap

1

• Lactate acid system recap
• Carbohydrates are stored in the muscle and liver
  as ????
• This needs to be converted to ????? And requires
  ???? Molecule of ATP
• ?????? Is then downgraded to form ???? Acid
• ???? ACID, is converted by the enzyme ???? (LDH)
  to LACTIC ACID.
• This process is know as????
• When lactate acid is present exercise ????
• Enzymes stop working due to low ????
• the lactate acid system is???? And lasts for
  ????
• ???? ATP results
• Word bank 2, 1, pyruvic, glycogen, anaerobic,
  glucose-6-phosphate, stops, 10 seconds to 3
  minutes, ph, lactate dehydrogenase, glycolysis

2

• Aerobic energy systems
• Energy production
• At the onset of exercise there is not enough
  Oxygen in the body to break down food fuels as
  fast as ATP is being used up.
• Therefore anaerobic systems are used first.
• However as soon as we start to exercise our
  ventilation rate and heart rate increases to
  distribute more blood and oxygen.
• Within 1-2 minutes effective aerobic energy
  systems can be used.
• The aerobic system requires oxygen to completely
  breakdown CHO and fats to CO2 H2O and ENERGY.

3
Aerobic respiration has 3 stages 1. AEROBIC
GLYCOLYSIS 2. KREBES CYCLE 3. ELECTRON
TRANSPORT CHAIN
4

• STAGE 1 AEROBIC GLYCOLYSIS
• Same as anaerobic glycolysis except LACTIC ACID
  is NOT produced.
• Reaction takes place in the SARCOPLASM in the
  muscle
• Energy yield 2 molecules of ATP

One glucose molecule C6H12O6
2 ATP
Pyruvic Acid
5
STAGE 2 KREBS cycle

• In the presence of oxygen pyruvic acid is
  converted into a compound called
  ACETYL-COENZYME-A
• Acetyl-coenzyme-A combines with OXALOACETIC ACID
  
• The combination of acetyl-coenzyme-A and
  oxaloacetic acid form CITRIC ACID and is ready to
  enter krebs cycle
• Cyclic reactions occur.
• - a series of enzyme-catalysed chemical reactions
  of central importance in all living cells that
  use oxygen as part of cellular respiration.
• 3 important things occur in this stage
• 1. CO2 produced
• 2. OXIDATION takes place (hydrogen is removed)
• 3. Energy yield 2 molecules of ATP

6
The aerobic system
Glycogen
Glycolysis Needs 1ATP
2ATP
Glucose 6 - phosphate
No oxygen
Pyruvic acid
Lactic acid
If oxygen is present
Acetyle Co-Enzyme A
OXALOACETIC ACID

Citric acid
Krebs cycle
7

• Stage 2 Krebs cycle
• Citric acid is oxidised whereby hydrogen is
  removed from the compound
• As a result carbon and oxygen are left CO2
  carbon dioxide breathed out
• As a result of this process 2 ATP are released
• The remaining hydrogen molecule is then sent to
  the electron transport system

Citric acid enters krebs cycle
2 ATP
CO2
Hydrogen electron transport system