Big Ideas In PK to 2 Mathematics

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Big Ideas In P/K to 2 Mathematics

• Implications for Planning

2
Organization of Mathematics Curriculum

• The Curriculum is Organized into Strands
• Number (A)
• Operation (B)
• Patterns (C)
• Measurement (D)
• Geometry (E)
• Data Management (F)
• Probability (G)

3
Big Ideas Number

• Grade Primary / Kindergarten
• sorting
• counting forward and backward to/from 10
  including different starting points
• reading, writing, recognizing numbers
• more/less, equivalent
• halves

4
Big Ideas Number

• Grade one
• counting to up to 100
• skip counting by 2s, 5s, and 10s including skip
  counting from various starting points
• place value to 99
• Comparing sets
• estimation to 100
• fractions to thirds, fourths, fifths, sixths, and
  tenths in context using models

5
Big Ideas Number

• Grade Two
• counting to 1000
• extending skip counting to include counting by
  25s and 100s including from various starting
  points
• place value to 999
• estimation to multiples of 10
• extending fractions to include symbolic
  representations

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Big Ideas Operations

• Grade Primary / Kindergarten
• combining small groups
• separating small groups
• comparing groups
• Grade one
• introducing one-digit addition and subtraction
  using pictures, models, and symbols
• recalling addition facts with sums to 10

7
Big Ideas Operations

• Grade Two
• two-digit addition and subtraction with and
  without regrouping
• recalling addition facts with sums to 18
• addition of 3 single-digit numbers
• introducing multiplication with the emphasis on
  putting together groups of equal size (NOT
  memorization of facts)
• introducing division including contexts where a)
  the size of the groups is unknown and b) the
  number of groups is unknown
• introducing estimation of sums and differences of
  two 2-digit numbers

8
Big Ideas Patterns

• Grade Primary / Kindergarten
• introducing copying, extending, creating patterns
• Grade One
• using number patterns to solve addition and
  subtraction questions
• Grade Two
• Extend Patterns with addition charts, place
  value, solving problems

9
Big Ideas Measurement

• Grade Primary / Kindergarten
• introducing comparing, order based on length,
  capacity, mass
• introducing sequencing events
• Grade One
• introducing area
• introducing hours on the analog clock
• introducing non-standard units for length,
  capacity, time, mass

10
Big Ideas Measurement

• Grade Two
• continuing with non-standard measurement with
  length, capacity, mass, and time
• introducing standard measurement including 1cm,
  1m, 1L, 1kg
• extending hours and introducing half-hours on the
  clock

11
Big Ideas Geometry

• Grade Primary / Kindergarten
• introducing spatial sense (position-in-space,
  eye-motor coordination)
• Introducing 2-D shapes including circle, square,
  triangle, and rectangle
• introducing 3-D shapes including sphere, cone,
  cylinder, and cube
• introducing transformations of shapes

12
Big Ideas Geometry

• Grade One
• introducing spatial sense including visual
  memory, figure ground perception
• introducing angles
• extending the quadrilateral family to include the
  rhombus, trapezoid, and hexagon
• introducing 3-D shapes including square prism,
  rectangular prism, triangular prism, triangular
  pyramid, square pyramid
• introducing slides and flips

13
Big Ideas Geometry

• Grade Two
• introducing spatial sense including perceptual
  constancy, perception of spatial relationships,
  and visual discrimination
• extending the quadrilateral family to include the
  parallelogram
• introducing parallel lines and right angles
• introducing the terminology (surfaces and faces)
  of 3-D shapes
• introducing reflective symmetry in 2-D shapes
• introducing odd and even numbers using rectangles

14
Big Ideas Data Management

• Grade Primary/Kindergarten
• introducing collecting and organizing data
• introducing creating and interpreting real and
  picture graphs
• Grade One
• introducing symbolic graphs
• Grade Two
• continuing with pictographs and symbolic graphs
• introducing making predictions about data

15
Big Ideas Probability

• Grade Primary / Kindergarten
• Grade One
• introducing predictions of event
• Grade Two
• introducing terms always, never, likely,
  unlikely, and probably

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The Big 5 Process Standards

• Problem Solving
• Communication
• Connections
• Reasoning and Proof
• Representations
• Verbal
• Concrete
• Pictorial
• Symbolic
• Contextual

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Exploring Connections
Operation
Patterns
Number
Probability
Measurement
Geometry
Data Management
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Measurment, Number, Data

• Grade One Cross Strand Lesson Idea
• non-standard units for length
• counting to up to 100, place value to 99
• introducing symbolic graphs
• Can you think of activities that would involve
  measuring with non-standard units, counting
  involving two digit numbers, and then displaying
  your results in a graph using picture symbols to
  represent the quantities?

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Measurment, Number, Data

• Measuring with found objects is a great way for
  students to make indirect comparisons. What
  objects might we measure with?
• Hands, pencils, feet, juice boxes, base ten
  blocks (rods and little cubes), anything you can
  dream up.

20
Measuring, Number, Data

• Measuring the heights of students in the class
  with erasers
• Students trace their images onto big paper
• Measure how many erasers tall they are
• Label their eraser height on their image
• As a class, sort into groups according to eraser
  height, count how many in each group
• Make a graph of the different eraser heights in
  the class using stickers or small drawings to
  represent people
• This activity could be done with hands,
  paperclips, juice boxes, etc.

21
Number, Operation, Patterns

• Grade Two Ideas
• Place value to 999
• Two-digit addition and subtraction
• Patterns with numbers
• Explore number patterns, how they connect to base
  ten models, and what would come next

22
Number, Operation, Patterns
What are the missing numbers? 124, 135, 146,
_____, _____

• Assessment Ideas
• Write about the pattern in a journal, explain how
  you found the missing numbers
• Make up a similar pattern to share with a partner
• Interview the student about how to find the next
  two numbers, listen for language about place
  value.