Music Theory

1
Music Theory

• A Quick Introduction

2
OBJECTIVES

• Explain to participants the definition and
  purpose of time signatures.
• Explain to participants what notes are.
• Explain to participants what the value of each
  note is in relation to time signatures.

3
GOALS

• By the end of the lesson participants will be
  able to recognize time signatures.
• By the end of the lesson participants will be
  able to recognize values of notes.
• By the end of the lesson participants will be
  able to correctly count a measure of music.

4
THE BASICS

• STAFF is composed of bar lines, lines, spaces,
  cleff signs, notes and many other things.
• BAR LINES divide the staff into measures and
  double bar lines end the song.
• CLEFF SIGNS - are placed at the beginning of a
  music staff.
• Treble Cleff - Higher cleff and sounds
• Bass Cleff - Lower cleff and sounds

5
MORE BASICS

• TIME SIGNATURES tell how many beats are in each
  measure and how many beats a quarter note
  receives.
• 2 there are two beats in a measure
• 4 the quarter note receives one beat
• KEY SIGNATURES occur in major and minor forms
  and inform the musician what sharps or plats to
  play.
• LINES there are 5 horizontal lines E, G, B, D
  and F in the treble cleff and G, B, D, F and A
  in the bass cleff.
• SPACES there are 4 A, C, E and G in the bass
  cleff and the spell FACE in the bass cleff.

6
NOTES, NOTES, NOTES

• NOTES can be placed on the lines or in the
  spaces and are named by the letters A through
  G. Notes can also have different values and
  the most basic notes are as follows
• WHOLE is not blacked in and does not have a
  stem
• HALF- is not blacked in and has a stem
• QUARTER is blacked in and has a stem
• EIGHTH is blacked in, has a stem, and a tail
• SIXTEENTH is blacked in, has a stem, and has
  two tails
• DOTTED a dot can be added to any note and then
  the note receives its original value plus half
  of that.

7
JUST A LITTLE REST

• Within music there are rests that are much the
  same as notes and there are no notes played
  during the length of the rest. The value of the
  rest is the value of that same type of note.
  There are three basic rest including
• Quarter is a squiggly looking s.
• Half located on top of the line looks like a
  hat.
• Whole located under the line looks like an
  upside down hat.

8
LOUD soft

• Within music there are DYNAMICS. Each dynamic
  level has its own marking.
• Pianissimo (pppp)- the softest marking
• ppp, mp, Piano (p),
• Forte (f), Metzo Forte (mf), fff,
• Fortissimo (ffff) the loudest marking

9
Accidents or Accidentals

• Flats can be applied to any note and lowers the
  pitch by a half step looks like a small letter
  b.
• Sharps can be applied to any note and raises
  the pitch by a half step looks like a number
  sign.
• Naturals cancel out any sharps or flats in the
  key signature and return the note to its original
  pitch looks like a box made out of an L and
  7.

10
MORE POPULAR CONCEPTS

• RITARDANDO (rit.) means to play gradually
  slower.

11
QUESTIONS

• Are there any questions concerning what has been
  presented.
• Are there any questions concerning other musical
  concepts. (Maybe I can help)

12
ASSESMENT

• How many numbers are located in the time
  signature?
• What does the top number represent?
• What does the bottom number represent?
• What are the two basic cleffs in music
  composition?
• Which cleff is higher?
• Which is lower?

13
MORE ASSESSMENT

• What are bar lines?
• What is the value of the quarter note?
• What is the value of the whole rest?
• What are the loudest and softest dynamic
  markings?
• What are the three accidentals found in music
  theory?