Distance Education Technologies and Systems

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Distance Education Technologies and Systems

• mr.sci. Samra Mujacic
• University Centre for Distance Education
  Development
• University of Tuzla

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Distance education components

• Content delivering
• Text and graphic
• Audio and video
• Mentoring and communication
• web learning environments
• Interactivity
• Animations and educational applications

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DL (e-learning) Technology

• Our material is information
• Our tool is ICT
• Information and communication technology
• electronic data and devices, too often related
  only to digital computers and computer-based
  electronic devices, but includes also traditional
  telecommunication and technology for media
  production and transmission
• Our product is knowledge

e-learning use of ICT in education
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IT in distance education advantages and
disadvantages

• Advantages
• widely available
• reusable
• multimedia
• decrease pressure on lecturer
• better individual student engagement
• globality

• Disadvantages
• demanded development and delivering process
• equipment
• negative social aspects
• estrangement
• socializations
• inhumanity ...
• healthy?

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DL technologies - categorization

• According to time and place
• According to knowledge representation
• According to evolucional phase of educational
  content

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Distance education models

• Independent learning model
• Distributed class
• Technology supported learning model

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Basic technologies

• Text, graphic images, electronic presentations
• Animation
• Videoconferencing
• Digital audio and video
• Web learning environment

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Text, graphic images and electronic presentations
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Examples

• DOC and PPT filesMicrosoft
• platform dependent
• Windows, MacOS
• variable contents
• redundancy
• unprotected file
• widely available authoring tools (Word,
  PowerPoint)
• original document

• PDF and PS filesAdobe
• platform independent
• simply the viewers
• non variable contents
• compact
• protected against file copying
• less available authoring tools (Acrobat, LaTeX...)

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What about HTML?

• HTML is mainly presentation format!
• Disadvantages
• Basic standard offers only limited capabilities
• Non compatibility
• Problems with browsers (in the past)
• Dealing with style, not with content!

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Recently used alternative solution XML

• XML Extended Markup Language
• Significant advantages
• Content is separated from style
• Self documented text
• Disadvantage
• It is not well supported with authoring tools

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Graphic images (2D pictures)

• Vector-based graphic
• Objects
• mathematicaly defined
• resolution independent
• Appropriate for
• technical schemes and projects
• pictures with lot of text
• high quality output files (print)

• Pixel-based graphic
• Objects
• group of pixels
• resolution dependent
• Appropriate for
• photos
• screen view
• lossy compression

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Electronic presentations

• Sequence of static or animated pages
• text elements
• graphical elements
• Usually autonomous and independent element of
  educational matter
• Transformation into another presentation form
• pdf, html (text/image)...
• PowerPoint, Corel Presentations, StarImpress...

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Animations
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Animation types

• Simple animated pictures
• animated GIF pictures
• Interactive animation with no computing model
• user can influence animation process
• Interactive animation with computing model
• complex animations
• Space-based classification
• 2D 3D
• Technology-based classification
• executed programs - exe
• Different web technologies - Java, Flash

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Videoconferencing
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Videoconferencing

• Phone connection ISDN
• - cost
• Internet connection IP
• - quality

TECHNOLOGY

• One-to-one ? ? ?
• One-to-many ??
• Many-to-many ?

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Videoconferencing systems

• Desktop systems
• Software-based systems (WebCam)
• Hardware-based systems
• Mobile systems
• Compact systems (integrated units)
• VC rooms

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Digital video

• Applications

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Video supported distance educationExamples

• Video on demand
• delivering content
• Videoconferencing
• delivering content
• communication

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Video on demand

• Video supported web lecture
• Real-time video supported laboratory experiment