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Welcome to Glen GrotesWeb-folio Learning
Tutorial
Unit II-Energy Matter for Life
Unit I- Lifes Building Blocks
Unit IV-Interactions Interdependence
Unit III-Continuity of Life
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Unit I-Site Map
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Topic 1-Simple Organisms
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Key Ideas-Topic 1
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Key Idea 1- Organisms Possess Many Similarities

• All living organisms have DNA(Genetic code for
  life
• All living organisms are made up of cells
• All living organisms perform basic life functions
• All living organisms have a niche(role) in
  environment
• All living organisms live through natural
  selection.

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Key Idea 2-Simple Organisms lack a cellular
organization and can either be prokaryotic or
eukaryotic.

• Prokaryotic
• Very primitive cell structure
• Lacks cell structures
• From the Kingdom Monerans (bacteria blue green
  algae)

• Eukaryotic
• Cells that have a nucleus with DNA inside and
  other cell structures
• Single Celled Organism
• From the Kingdom Protista (paramecium, etc

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Antibacterial Soaps

• Do they really work?

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Antibacterial Soap-Introduction

• In this lab we are determining what kind of soap
  works better. We are testing Micrell (regular)
  and Germ-X (waterless) soaps. We are putting
  these soap on a culture dish to see what kind of
  soap prevents bacteria growth better. We are
  going to be viewing natural selection first hand.

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Applying the Scientific Inquiry Process
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Problems to Investigate

• Which soap is more effective in preventing
  bacteria growth?
• Will the bacteria become resistant to the
  anti-bacterial agents in the soap?
• Will more then one species grow?

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Background Information1-Research

• Research on bacteriaBacteria are single-celled
  organisms. They belong to the kingdom Moneran.
  They have a prokaryotic cell structure. Bacteria
  reproduce asexually. This means that they use
  mitosis to reproduce. There is not a lot of
  variation between a bacteria cell and its parent
  cell. Bacteria do not have cell structures and
  their DNA is flowing throughout their membrane.
  Bacteria who grow in the same environment compete
  against each other for living space. When the
  strongest bacteria emerges it overproduces and
  becomes the only bacteria in the area.

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Background Info2-Prior Experiments

• -Waterless soap doesnt work very well
• -Species do compete against each other
• -More then one species can grow in a culture dish
• -Regular hand soap works well in preventing
  bacteria
• -The strongest bacteria will outgrow the other
  bacteria
• -Natural selection applies to all organisms
  including bacteria

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Hypothesis

• Based on the background information, I think that
  Micrell(regular soap) will work better
• I also think that the bacteria in the Micrell
  dish will not develop a resistance to the
  anti-bacteria agents
• Therefore, I think we will see a very limited
  amount of species
• What do you think? Make your own hypothesis

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Experimental Design

• Materials
• Procedures
• Controls Variables
• Follow safety precautions

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Materials

• 3 culture dishes(made with jello and slimfast
• Bacteria source
• Antibacterial Soaps(select two different soaps, I
  used Germ-X and micrell
• Rubber bands
• Q-Tips(cotton swab)
• Labels
• Plastic wrap

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Procedures

• Make the three culture dishes. Follow directions
  for making the jello. Substitute the juice for
  chocolate Slim Fast.
• Place bacteria on the three culture dishes. Use
  the Q-Tip to transfer the soil.

• 3. Label one dish control. Put plastic wrap over
  it and use a rubber band to hold it in place.
• 4. Put the two different soaps in the other
  culture dishes(one soap in each) Label the dishes
  with the name of the soap. Place them in room
  temperature.
• 5. Record observations for 7 days.

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Controls Variables

• CONTROL
• Culture dish-All the bacteria are exposed to the
  same growth medium
• Source of bacteria-Each dish is exposed to soil
  from the same plant
• Room temperature

• VARIABLE(s)
• The amount of species grown in the dishes
• The rate of growth of the bacteria

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Data ObservationsTable 1 Surface Area
Population Growth
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Data ObservationsTable 2 of Species
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Data ObservationsTable 3Species Competition
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Conclusions-Graph 1

• My hypothesis was incorrect. The Germ-X worked
  better then the Micrell soap. Bacteria started to
  grow on day 2. The soaps probably started to
  wear off around day 2 so bacteria grew. The
  bacteria grew resistant to the soaps because the
  soap was only applied once and the bacteria
  learned how to fight it. Natural selection is
  when organisms that are best fit to survive in
  their environment survive. Anti-biotic
  resistance is an example of natural selection
  because only the bacteria able to adapt survive.
  Natural selection is easily observed in bacteria
  you can observe the bacteria changing in front of
  you. Evolution based on this lab is how
  organisms can change to prosper.

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Conclusions-Graph 2
There was only one species in each culture dish.
Bacteria can reproduce very rapidly because they
reproduce asexually. They use mitosis to
reproduce. Asexual reproduction makes its
offspring almost exactly alike. Sexual
reproduction has a lot of variation in its
offspring. Genetic variation can occur in
asexual reproduction. This happens when one
organism can adapt and its offspring are able to
adapt as well because of their hereditary traits.
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Conclusions-Graph 3

There was one species in each culture dish. The
white bacteria was the most abundant bacteria at
all points during the experiment. There was no
competition between the species because the
species werent in the same culture dish. This
bacteria are from each culture dish.I think that
they will stop growing around day 10 if we were
to keep observing the bacteria.
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Repeated Trials

• View similar experiments by visiting other
  web-folios on our student showcase.

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Related Topics on Bacteria

• 5-Customizing Bacteria -Genetic Engineering
• 6-Bacteria in Animal Nutrition Digestion
• 7-Using Bacteria for Environmental Problems

• 1-The Process of
• Evolution
• 2-Unity Diversity A System for Classification
• 3-Bacteria
• Natural Selection
• 4-Ecological Significance of Bacteria

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Topic 1- The Process of Evolution
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Evolution Defined

• Evolution is a theory that explains how
  organisms came to be. Evolution states how
  organisms changed and broke in to sub groups.
  When the environment changed, organisms where
  forced to change to be able to survive.
  Evolution occurs over a long period of time.

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Competition
There is competition between every organism to
survive. The earth can only hold and feed so
many creatures. There is only so much land and
water to live on. There is only so food to eat.
Creatures must compete for all these things to
live. Only the most fit can survive. This is
known as natural selection.
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Genetic Variation
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Topic 2- Unity Diversity A System for
Classification
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Genus Species
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Kingdoms of Life
There are five major kingdoms of life. In order
of least complex to most they are monera,
protista, fungi, plants, and animals. Monera are
very primative. They have no nucleus so there
dna just float around with in themselves.
Protista have a nucleus and and have many
organelles to perform life functions. Fungi have
nuclues too and have digestion. Plants
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Topic 3- Natural Selection
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NATURAL SELECTION DEFINED
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Examples of Natural Selection

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Key Ideas of Natural Selection

• -
• -
• -
• -
• -

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Topic 4- Ecological Significance of Bacteria
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Recycling of Materials
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Bacteria as Decomposers
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Topic 5- Genetic Engineering of Bacteria
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Genetic Engineering
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Recombinant DNA
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Examples of Using Recombinant DNA to Customize
Bacteria

• -
• -

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Topic 6-Bacterias Role in Nutrition Digestion
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The Importance of Nutrition Digestion
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Bacterias Role in Nutrition Digestion
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Topic 7-Bacteria to Solve Environmental Problems
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Bio Remediation
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Uses of Bio-Remediation
Bio-Remediation is a method to clean out
contaminated land. Usually, when there is land
that has been contaminated with toxic and
poisonous substances, professionals use a method
known as Dig and dump. In Dig and dump people
would simply remove the bad soil and replace it
with new soil. This process is very expensive
though. Bio-redemption is cheaper and more
efficient. In bio-redemption the soil is placed
in a huge dome which has natural bacteria that
would purify the land. To speed up this process
air, water, and fertilizer were pumped into the
dome to make the bacteria reproduce quicker and
clean the soil quicker.
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Unit II- Energy for Life

• Coming Soon!

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Unit III- Continuity of Life

• Coming Soon!

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Unit IV- Interactions Interdependence

• Coming Soon!