Right Based Approach to Sexual

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Right Based Approach to Sexual Reproductive
Health
Aahung
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Existing Scenario

• Pakistans population stands at an estimated 160
  million people.
• In the next 15 years it is calculated to reach
  over 220 million
• 30-35 women were reported to die every day due to
  pregnancy related complications
• 1 woman died every 20 minutes in Pakistan due to
  health related factors

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• 4 of the female population died before reaching
  adulthood, often due to a failure to provide
  timely medical assistance.
• With 60 of the population living in rural areas,
  it was estimated that the vast majority among
  them never received any kind of medical attention
  during pregnancy, childbirth or sickness.
• Age of childbearing still remained under 16 years
  for most rural women. (HRCP, 2003)

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What is the Need

• Improved maternal and newborn health.
• Accessible, high quality family planning choices.
• Elimination of unsafe abortion.
• Reduced incidence of HIV and sexually transmitted
  infections.
• Greater awareness of sexual health and reduced
  risky behavior.
• Gender equality, rights, accountability and
  equity realized everywhere.

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Health Wellness
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Reproductive /Sexual Health

• A state of complete of physical, mental and
  social well being and not merely the absence of
  disease or infirmity in all matters relating to
  the reproductive system and to its function and
  processes
• Capacity to enjoy and control sexual and
  reproductive behavior in accordance with
  personnel ethics free from shame and guilt and
  coercion

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Health as a Right

• Enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of
  health is one of the fundamental rights of every
  human being without distinction of race,
  religion, political belief, economic or social
  condition
• WHO constitution, quoted in Corrigan (1997), p.7

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Rights based approach assumes

• Health and rights are inseparable
• Gender equity and equality
• Client centered health care
• Informed choice
• Voluntary decision making

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Basic Elements of Informed Choice and Voluntary
Decision Making

• Service options availability
• Decision making process is voluntary
• Appropriate information
• Good client-provider interaction (CPI)
• Social and rights context support autonomous
  decision making

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Why rights based

• Fundamental to quality
• Increased acceptability of services
• Increased accessibility of services
• Sensitive to customer needs
• Efficient services (accountability)
• Empowers clients

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Barriers to a rights based approach

• Lack of skills
• Lack of services
• Inappropriate services
• Time consuming
• Patient empowerment as a threat to health care
  provider
• Perception of client abilities