Infectious Diseases

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Infectious Diseases

• Mrs. Lee
• 8th Grade Wellness

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Infectious v. Non-Infectious

• INFECTIOUS Any disease that is caused by an
  agent that can pass from one living thing
  another.
• Examples ?

• NON INFECTIOUS A disease that is not caused by
  a virus or living organism.
• Examples ?

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Infectious Diseases- Disease Causing
Organisms
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Sinus Infection
Ring Worm
Fungus
Tape worm
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How infections spread

• Passing an object from person to person
• Person to person contact
• Sharing food or drink
• Sneezing or coughing
• Door handles, key boards, money..
• Epidemic widespread occurrence of a disease

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Bacterial / Viral Infections

• Bacterial- tetanus, ulcers, and tuberculosis
• Bacteria can cause infection but can help you
  too. (Digestion)
• Antibiotic- a drug that kills or slows the growth
  of bacteria
• Examples?

• Virus- viral infectiouns cannot reproduce
  themselves, only attach to and enter a host cell.
  (Flu)
• Antibiotics are useless against viral infections

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Bacterial Infections

• Strep Throat- Infectious caused by bacterium
  streptococcus. Spread through sharing food and
  drink or touching.
• Tuberculosis- kills about 3 million people a
  year, spread by coughing
• Sinus Infection- sinus area in your skull can
  fill with mucus and become infected

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Viral Infections

• Common Cold- the average person catches about two
  colds a year
• Influenza- the flu. Symptoms include fever,
  chills, and body aches
• Mononucleosis- passes through infected saliva
  the kissing disease

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Defense Mechanisms

• Immune System made up of organs and special
  cells that fight infection. Without your immune
  system, your body would be powerless against most
  of the agents that cause infections and diseases

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The Front Line Keeping Germs Out

• Skin made up of cell layers to keep germs out
• Hairs around your eyes and nose traps germs
• Tears wash germs out
• Mucus attacks and destroys germs
• Saliva and Stomach Acid destroys germs

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Internal Defense

• Immune response
• 1. Macrophages engulf cells that have been
  infected (Under cover Police)
• 2. Macrophages signal T cells and B cells
• (SWAT TEAM)
• 3. T and B cells destroy germs using antibodies
• 4. The pattern repeats to other cells to destroy
  the viruses

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Keeping Your Immune System Strong

• List Different Ways that you can keep your immune
  system strong?
• What are ways to prevent diseases from spreading?

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Sexually Transmitted Diseases

• Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs)- contagious
  infections that are spread from person to person
  by sexual contact.
• Transmitted through exchange of bodily fluids
  during sexual contact
• Caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or other
  agents
• Some may be treated, many have no cure

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STDs

• Over 75 kinds of sexually transmitted diseases
• 1 out of every five Americans may have an STD
• Sexual Abstinence- the deliberate choice to
  refrain from all sexual activity. The only way
  to stay STD free

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HIV and AIDS

• HIV- human immunodeficiency virus
• AIDS- a serious viral disease that destroys the
  bodys immune system
• HIV is a virus and that AIDS is a disease that
  results from infection by the HIV virus

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Where did HIV Come From?

• Nobody knows for sure
• Most scientists believe that the HIV virus came
  from Central Africa and the green monkey.
• The virus contaminated the blood of a hunter
  while he was slaughtering the monkey in 1959.
• 1981 first case of AIDS began to appear outside
  of Africa

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How is HIV Spread?

• Sexual Contact
• Sharing Hypodermic Needles
• Blood Transfusion
• Mother to Child