Openended Questions

1
Open-ended Questions

• Cannot be answered with simple "yes" or "no"
• Begin with words and phrases such as
• Who?
• What?
• When?
• Where?

• Why?
• How?
• Tell me about
• Explain to me

2
Patient Education

• TST technicians are in "frontline" position to
• Provide information
• Correct misinformation
• Help allay patient's fears about TST or TB
• Help ensure patient's cooperation with TST
  procedure and follow-up

3
Patient Education (2)

• How should a TST technician prepare patient for
  TST?
• Introduce self and health department
• Describe why TST is taking place
• Give overview of steps involved in TST, including
  follow-up visit for measurement
• Explain consent form(s) and confidentiality
  policies
• Ask screening/medical evaluation questions
• Ask patient to share questions or concerns

4
FAQs

• Patient FAQs
• Topics that TST technician should address when
  preparing patient for TST
• Based on common misconceptions about TST and TB
• What's going to happen today?
• Why am I getting tested for TB?

5
FAQs (2)

• Based on common misconceptions about TST and TB
  (cont)
• How would I have gotten infected with TB? I
  dont share my coffee cup with anyone at work
• Do I have TB?
• Will this shot give me TB? HIV?
• Can I give TB to my family (friends, co-workers,
  etc.)?

6
FAQs (3)

• Based on common misconceptions about TST and TB
  (cont)
• Should my family be tested?
• Wouldnt I feel sick if I was infected? I feel
  fine
• Since I had BCG as a child, wont my TST always
  be positive?
• Why do I have to come back on Thursday? Why
  cant I check the reaction myself and call you?

7
FAQs (4)

• Based on common misconceptions about TST and TB
  (cont)
• Why isnt everyone in the factory (office, etc.)
  getting tested?
• If I have TB, can I die from it?
• Will this hurt?
• If Ive had a reaction to a TB test in the past,
  is it OK to get another one?

8
FAQs (5)

• Based on common misconceptions about TST and TB
  (cont)
• Can I have a band-aid in case it bleeds?
• I had a TB test last month at my doctorsI dont
  need another one, do I?

9
Why Is Culture Important?

• Why a session on cultural diversity?
• TB affects very diverse population
• U.S. statistics 1/2 new cases are foreign-born
• Local statistics
• Diversity
• Refers not only to race or ethnicity
• Many patients are among groups with special
  challenges (e.g., homeless, substance abuse)
• Each group has subcultures that differ from
  mainstream

10
Why Is Culture Important? (2)

• A. Why a session on cultural diversity? (cont)
• Health workers need skills to communicate
  effectively with people from different cultural
  backgrounds
• Health workers need to identify the many factors
  that affect culture and determine a group's
  values and rules

11
Healthcare Barriers for Homeless and
Substance-using Patients

• Lack of access to healthcare
• Competing priorities
• Intoxication
• Lack of stability chaotic life circumstance
• Distrust of authorities legal issues
• Denial
• Blaming others for problems

12
Healthcare Barriers for Homeless and
Substance-using Patients (2)

• Depression feeling overwhelmed by one's
  circumstances

13
Review Questions

• What are two skills that contribute to good
  communication with patients?
• Name three important pieces of information to
  relay to patients receiving TST
• How would you respond to patients who make the
  following statements?
• I know I dont have TB, so I dont need the test
• Why arent the employees in the Payroll
  Department being tested, too?
• Youre testing for TB?! Back home in India I
  knew many people who died of TB!!

14
Review Questions (2)

• What are five ways that people may culturally
  identify themselves?
• What are three ways to learn more about a
  specific culture and health beliefs?
• What are three barriers to healthcare that
  patients who are homeless or use substances may
  face?
• Name two local community resources for patients
  who are homeless or use substances to address
  their non-TB-related needs