Women, Half the Sky

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Unit 6

• Women, Half the Sky

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Feminism (????)

• (in the 1960s) The belief that women and men are
  equal in abilities and should have equal rights
  and opportunities.
• Feminism has brought about many changes in
  English language
• e.g. police officer instead of policeman
• chairperson instead of chairman
• Ms instead of Miss or Mrs(since it does
  not show whether a woman is married or not.)

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Text AIm Going to Buy the Brooklyn Bridge

• The Brooklyn Bridge
• The bridge over the East
• River in NYC that connects
• Manhattan with Brooklyn.
• It was opened in 1883
• and has a length of 1595
• feet (486 meters).

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• Please read the first two paragraphs and
  understand if I believed everything in the
  report, she had a bridge in Brooklyn shed like
  to sell me.
• Suggesting that she thought the author so
  gullible that she could be persuaded to buy the
  bridge from her.
• What does a bridge in Brooklyn mean?
• an incredible story
• something impossible, etc.

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• the expression selling the Brooklyn Bridge to
  somebody means tricking them in a deal.
• Text Organization Exercise 1 (P183)

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Language Study Part One

• 1. Bulletin a short printed newspaper or
  leaflet, esp. one produced regularly by a group
  or organization ??,??????
• Examples
• The company publishes an annual staff bulletin.
• I read in the church bulletin that our friends
  baby would be baptized.

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• alumni bulletin ???
• news bulletin ????
• bulletin board (? notice board) ???
• cf. bullet ??

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• 2. Item
• A single piece of news ??(??)
• Examples
• s item in todays China Daily.
• While Jennie scanned the newspaper, a strange
  item of news attracted her attention.

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• 2) A single article or unit on a list or among a
  set ??,??,??
• Examples
• Their kitchen cabinets are crowded with items
  that just go to waste.
• There are at least 50 items on her Christmas
  shopping list.

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Assistant

• 1) a. ???
• assistant principal ????
• assistant secretary of defense ??????
• 2) n. ??, ??
• assist v. assistance n. ??

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• 3. Draft a rough outline or version ??
• Examples
• My student emailed the first draft of his thesis
  to me yesterday.
• This is only the first draft of my speech, but
  what do you think of it?

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• 4. Undo
• undo undid - undone
• (fml) disturb or upset greatly ???,???
• Examples
• My daughters idea about wealth undid me.
• The sight of the animals suffering undid me.

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• 2) untie, open ??,??
• Examples
• Its so warm inside. He undid his coat and took
  it off.
• Would you please undo this knot for me?
• Exercise P188 No.2 5)

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• 5. Hit/strike home (of remarks, etc.) have the
  intended effect (??)?????, ????? ???? (home ad.
  ???,????????)
• Examples
• His criticism hit home. I was really selfish.
• I could see from her expression that his comments
  had hit home.

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• 7. Incredible 1) that cant be believed ?????
• Examples
• It seemed incredible that people would still want
  to play soccer during a war.
• There has been an incredible amount of interest
  in the information highway during the last few
  years.
• The boy runs at an incredible speed even faster
  than many adults.
• (synonym unbelievable)

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• 2) (imfl) wonderful, unbelievably good (???)
  ???,????????
• dressed with incredible speed.
• ???????????
• They had an incredible house in the countryside.

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• 8. Skeptical (in the habit of) doubting that
  sth. is true, right, etc. (followed by
  about/of) ??????,???
• sceptical (in British English)
• Examples
• Some scientists think average global temperatures
  have risen due to the greenhouse effect. Others
  are skeptical of global warming.

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• He presented his thesis at the conference, but
  some professors were skeptical about his
  findings.
• He is absolutely convinced that the plan will
  work, but Im still a bit skeptical about it.
• Exercise P188 No.2 1)

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• 8. Consume
• Eat or drink ?,?
• Examples
• Michael consumes nearly a pound of cheese per
  day.
• The children consumed lots of chocolate
  ice-creams at their birthday party.

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• 2) Use up ????
• Examples
• Some of the most efficient refrigerators consume
  70 percent less electricity than traditional
  models.
• The human body consumes energy in the form of
  carbohydrates.
• If consumers dont consume, then workers dont
  work.

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• 9. Care for
• Take care of ??
• Examples
• The old man had a stroke a month ago. His son
  hired a nurse to care for him.
• The college students volunteered to care for the
  elderly in their community.

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• 2) Like or love (used in negative or
  interrogative sentence) ??,??
• Examples
• She had two sons and didnt care for either.
• I dont care much for country music.
• I dont think he cares for his wife at all any
  more because of her disloyalty.

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• ???? Bachelors Degree
• ???? Masters Degree
• ???? Doctors Degree

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Main Idea of Part One

• Despite her friends advice, the author, unable
  to resist the temptation, falls for (??, ??)
  superwomen stories again.

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Language Study of Part Two

• 10. Corporation a large business or company ??
• Examples
• Several multi-national corporations are located
  in the new district of Pudong.
• Its easier for students graduating from
  well-known universities to get positions in large
  multinational corporations.

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• 11. Rarely not happening often ??,??
• Examples
• Rarely have I seen a student who is so absorbed
  in history.
• He very rarely wears a raincoat because he spends
  most of his time in a car.
• Its strange that the couple were rarely seen
  together.

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• 12. Decorate add (sth.) in order to make a thing
  more attractive to look at ??
• Examples
• The boy decorated his room with pictures of his
  favorite sports figures.
• They are going to decorate the classroom for
  Christmas.

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• 13. Client a person who buys good or service
  ??,??
• Examples
• Our company is CITI Banks most valued client.
• The company requires clients to pay substantial
  fees in advanced.

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• 14. I wonder aloud
• if you wonder aloud, you express your thoughts
  as they occur to you, rather than thinking first
  and then speaking.
• I wondered aloud I wondered (v.???, ??) and
  spoke out my wonder (n. ??) by asking.

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• 15. Lap
• The flat area formed by your thighs when you are
  sitting down (????)?????,??
• Examples
• She waited quietly with her hands in her lap.
• Sitting on her mothers lap, the little girl was
  very quiet.

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• 2) A part of a long journey, between two points
  where you stop (???)??
• Examples
• I had thought we might travel as far as Oak
  Valley, but we only managed the first lap of the
  journey.
• The first lap of our trip is from New York City
  to Boston.

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• 16. Reproach criticize (sb.) for failing to do
  sth.??
• reproach sb. for sth.
• Examples
• She loved her boyfriend so much that she didnt
  reproach him for breaking his promise.
• He reproached himself constantly for not having
  visited his sick mother before she died.
• Cf. approach v. ?? n. ??

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Main Idea of Part Two

• Her encounter with a superwoman and its impact on
  her.

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Language Study Part Three

• 17. Theory a formal idea or set of ideas that is
  intended to explain sth. ??
• Examples
• Einstein formulated the theory of relativity in
  1905.
• Darwins theory of evolution
• quantum theory in physics

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• In theory under ideal conditions theoretically
  ???
• Examples
• In theory everyone has equal rights.
• A school dental service exists in theory, but in
  practice, there are few dentists to provide
  service.

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• 18. Harmony
• Pleasant combination of different notes of music
  played at the same time ??
• Examples
• We appreciated very much the composers beautiful
  harmonies in the last moment.
• The kids are singing in harmony.

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• 2) A state or condition of agreement,
  cooperation, or peacefulness ????
• Examples
• They argued against the notion that man should
  dominate nature rather than live in harmony with
  it.
• Since they moved to this community they have
  lived in harmony with their neighbors.

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• 19. By nature as a result of inborn or inherent
  qualities innately ??
• Examples
• He is by nature rather an aggressive person.
• I am not by nature a violent man, but these
  insults were more than I could bear.

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• 20. Get ones act together (imfl) organize
  oneself and ones activities so that one does
  things in an effective way ?????????????
• Examples
• Steve will have to get his act together if he is
  going to pass the exam. He cant just sit about
  doing nothing all day.
• Come on, you two, get your act together or well
  miss the bus, she shouted at the children as
  they slowly put on their coats.
• Exercise P188 No.2 3)

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• No matter ???????? how/what/when/where/why ??,
  ????????, ??? ????/??/??/??/???????? however,
  whatever, whenever, wherever, whenever ???

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• 21. Military relating to the armed forces of a
  country ???,???
• Examples
• The president has not ruled out the possibility
  of military action.
• Your working day will need to be organized with
  military precision.

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• 22. Put pencil to paper start to write ?????
• Examples
• The instant he put pencil to paper, his
  four-year-old son would sit beside him quietly.
• When I put pencil to paper yesterday, vivid
  memories came flooding back of my first day in
  school.

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• ?????? be taken ill, fall ill, catch an illness,
  be infected with an illness, get an illness
• They are taken ill/fall ill.
• He caught a bad cold.
• He was infected with acute pneumonia (????).
• Hes got hepatitis (??).

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• 23. Remainder the remaining time, people or
  things ?????(???)
• Examples
• Having finished the work, I spent the remainder
  of the day reading novels and listening to music.
• Three potatoes each will be enough the remainder
  we can use for a salad.
• remain v. ??,??,??

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• 24. At interval
• sth. that happens at intervals happens
  occasionally sth. that exist at intervals exists
  here and there ??,??
• Examples
• The interview continued, with Smith breaking off
  at intervals to consult his note.
• Trees have been planted at intervals along the
  waterfront.

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• 2) Used to state the precise gap in time or
  distance between things ????(???)
• Examples
• There were red warning lights at intervals along
  the street.
• She woke him for his medicines at intervals
  throughout the night.
• at ? internal??????? short, long, monthly,
  regular ????

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• His house is three times the size of mine.
• His house is three times as big as my house.
• His house is three times bigger than my house
• (His house is four times as big as mine.)

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• 25. Set aside put (time or money) away for a
  special purpose ??
• Examples
• I have a little money set aside for emergencies.
• My husband set aside half an hour every morning
  to do sports.

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• 26. a Martian bank
• It refers to a bank which is alien to shop
  assistants.
• 27. Only the manager can OK the matter.
• Only the manager can give his approval for
  accepting the womans check.

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• They also serve who only stand and wait.
• They who stand and wait also do service to the
  society.
• This is a well-known quotation to comfort those
  who did not take direct part in an activity but
  only provided support.

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• 28. Race the clock do sth. quickly in order to
  finish it in the available time ???????
• Examples
• The semester is coming to an end. We have to race
  the clock every day to prepare for our final
  exams.
• The deadline will be due tomorrow. We have to
  race the clock.

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• 29. Possess (fml) have or own ??
• Examples
• It is said that Michael possesses a fortune of
  more than two billion dollars.
• The number of nations that possess nuclear
  weapons is on the rise.

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• 30. Bide ones time wait patiently for a chance
  ???? (time ??,??)
• Examples
• His political rivals are biding their time until
  after the election for a chance to attack his
  policies.
• She bided her time, planning revenge.

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Main Idea of Part Three

• She tells about what prevents her from becoming a
  superwoman herself.

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• 31. Charm
• v. attract give pleasure to ????
• Examples
• I was charmed by her slim figure and soft voice.
• That handsome young man charms everyone he meets.
• Pleasing quality attractiveness ?????
• Example
• Snow White and Seven Dwarves has never lost its
  original charm.

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• 32. Take in (usu. passive) cheat ??
• Examples
• She was so smart that she couldnt be taken in by
  her colleagues.
• The students played a trick on their teacher.
  Unfortunately he was taken in completely.

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• 33. Despite prep. in spite of ??,??
• Examples
• Despite the fact that she fell midway through the
  race, she won.
• They had a wonderful holiday, despite the bad
  weather.
• Despite wanting to see him again, she refused to
  reply to his letters.
• Despite their poverty, the children seemed happy.
• Exercise P188 No.2 4)

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• 34. Have sth./little/much/nothing to do with
  have some/little/much/ connection with
  ???(????,????)
• Examples
• I dont know whats the matter with Billy he
  says its nothing to do with school.
• I am not sure what her job is, but it has
  something to do with marketing.
• His decision to move overseas has a lot to do
  with his financial problem.
• Exercise P188 No.2 2)

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• 35. Achieve/have ones hearts desire(s) get
  sb./sth. you want very much ?????????
• Examples
• He was making great efforts to achieve his
  hearts desires.
• To achieve her hearts desires, she had to work
  from morning to night.
• When she agreed to marry him he felt he had
  achieved his hearts desire.

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• 36. A piece of cake sth. that is very easy to do
  ????????,????
• Examples
• Shopping on line is a piece of cake for the
  five-year-old.
• Getting in touch with his overseas friends via
  email is a piece of cake for the old man.

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• 37. Sophisticated
• worldly-wise showing knowledge of the world
  ???,???
• Examples
• Richard was still young, but he was sophisticated
  enough to know when people were not telling the
  truth.
• Diana had become a sophisticated woman who knew
  all the rich and famous people in Paris.

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• 2) Advanced or complicated ???,???
• Examples
• The missile has a sophisticated guidance system.
• The development of computers and other
  sophisticated machines has made industry much
  more efficient.

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Main Idea of Part Four

• She analyzes why she is still fascinated by
  modern superwomen tales.

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Language Study Part Five

• 38. Move on to stop doing one thing and begin
  dealing with the next ??(??,??)?
• Examples
• She ran this shop for ten years before deciding
  to move on to the real estate business.
• Were about to move on to the second stage of the
  project.
• Moving on to the question of the concert, we
  still need volunteers to sell tickets.

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• 39. Investment putting money in sth.(followed by
  in) ??
• Examples
• More and more people have the desire to buy a
  house as an investment.
• Buying shares in blue-chip companies is always a
  sound investment.
• Total foreign investment in America still
  constitutes only a small portion of US assets.

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• 40. Then Ill tell her a story the tale of a
  woman who bought her own version of that bridge
  in Brooklyn and found that it was a wise
  investment after all.
• Then the author will tell her friend a story
  about her choice to follow her dreams and her
  discovery that following her dreams was a good
  choice.

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• A bridge in Brooklyn to sell ???????,???????????
  ?????????????????,?????????????
• ??????,????????????????,??????????????????????????
  ???,????????

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Main Idea of Part Five

• She comes to the conclusion that to her, admiring
  a heroine is something worth doing.

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Main Idea of Text A

• The belief in superwomen encourages average women
  to achieve their goals.

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Coherence

• Writing Strategy (P202)
• Transitional words/phrases/sentences
• but, however, yet
• Repetition of key words and phrases
• Brooklyn Bridge, the bridge
• superwoman, superwomen, heroine, supersisters,
  superheroins

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• Many words and phrases related to food
• a piece of cake / you cant eat the cake and
  have it too / strawberry jam / a whole box of
  cookies / soup / juice / tea / a dieter / a diet
  without treats / the old low-dream diet / to
  devour / to bake cakes.
• Reflect the traditional role of women as
  food-providers.

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Text B

• Beginning Anew

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Live for

• Regard as the aim of ones life ??????????
• I began living for the weekend at 830 Monday
  mornings.
• Jack doesnt seem to have an aim in life if any,
  he just lives for parties and having a good time.

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Take/get/gain credit (for sth.)

• Get honor, praise or approval (?)????(?????)
• Other people take credit for my ideas and
  opinions.
• Why work so hard when someone else takes all the
  credit for what you do? Well, I dont care so
  long as I like the job.

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Party vi

• Attend or hold social parties ??(???)????
• When most of my friends were planning college
  schedules and partying into the night, I was
  changing dirty diapers and walking the floor with
  a crying baby.
• When he was young there was a time he used to
  party into the depth of night every weekend.

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Die of

• ??
• I began to feel that if I didnt do something
  soon, something quickly, I would die of
  unhappiness.
• Its said he died of mad cow disease two years
  ago and left a wife and three children.

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Quit

• Stop give up (ones job) leave ????
• Quit quit quit / quit quitted quitted
• I quit my job on one of my good days, a Friday.
• You wont have to fire me because I quit! said
  Bob to his boss in an angry tone.

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Reaction

• ??
• What would I tell my husband and what would be
  his reaction?
• I felt very much relieved as I heard that her
  reaction to the news was positive.

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Plead

• ??????(???)??
• Plead pleaded pleaded / plead pled pled
• Phil pleaded ignorance as an excuse for his not
  returning the book to the library in
  time.(?????????)
• plead for mercy (????)

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Temporary

• Lasting for a short time ???,???
• Before school began John got a temporary job for
  the summer in a supermarket in the suburbs.

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Renew

• Start (sth.) again give new energy to ???????
• But while I was feeling uneasy about the bridge
  Id just crossed, I also began to feel a renewed
  sense of hopefulness about the possibilities on
  the other side.
• Despite the repeated failures they were able to
  tackle the task with renewed vigor and enthusiasm.

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Soak up

• Take in, absorb ??,??
• With the right environment, children are like
  sponges and will soak up information.

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At every opportunity

• ??????
• I soon discovered that I loved to learn and that
  my mind soaked up knowledge at every opportunity.
• Henry was so fond of swimming that he swam at
  every opportunity when he took his vacation in
  the lake area with his family.

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Weigh down

• Make unhappy and worried, etc. ?????
• But sometimes, after realizing what was expected
  of me, I would be weighed down by self-doubt and
  uncertainty.
• She was weighed down by guilt because she had not
  told her mother the truth.

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Semester

• ??????
• I felt like an outsider practically that entire
  first semester.
• In retrospect, she admitted she didnt pay enough
  attention to her studies in the first fall
  semester at Harvard as she was hooked on the
  Internet all day long.

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Expense

• Spending of money cost ????
• I eventually had to seek employment to help with
  expenses.
• Did your employer pay for the notebook computer
  and the cell phone for you? No, I bought it at
  my own expense.
• at sb.'s expense
• 1) ?????
• 2) ???? He tried to be clever at my expense.

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Stir

• ??,?? ??
• Many times Ive had to stir a pot with one hand
  while holding a book with the other.
• This is a nonstick pot you should use a wooden
  spoon to stir the soup.

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Plentiful

• More than enough ???,???
• Ive shed tears on the bad days, but smiles are
  plentiful on the good ones.
• Fruits are plentiful all the year round in this
  tropical country.

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Take back

• ????
• However, I would not take back one tear or change
  one thing about the last couple of years.
• If the washing machine doesnt work well the shop
  will take it back and refund your money.

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Set out to do (sth.)

• Begin (a job, task, etc.) with a particular aim
  ???(??)
• And its not so much the results of the action
  that have reshaped me (although thats important,
  too) as it is the realization that I have within
  myself what it takes to do what I set out to do.
• Later that day Michael set out to break the
  National and International Junior Olympics record
  for the pole-vault.

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In control (of sth.)

• (?)????????
• I feel more in control these days and less like a
  flag on a breezy day, blowing this way or that
  depending on the wind.
• The police were in control of the situation again
  after ten days confrontation with the gang who
  once held the manager as hostage.

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Seek after

• Try to find or obtain ????????
• Now I get credit for my ideas, and my opinions
  are sought after.
• The latest model of the Buick, one of the GM
  range of cars, is highly sought after by lots of
  young people here this year.

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If only

• ????,????????,??????

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• Examples
• If only I were five years younger!
• ?????5?????
• If only she had never been married.
• ?????????????