Integrated Development of Horticulture in Jammu and Kashmir

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Integrated Development of Horticulture in
Jammu and Kashmir

• September 2007

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• FRUIT PRODUCTION ECONOMIC ASPECT
• Over 5 Lakh families involved
• Over 27 Lakh growers involved.
• Rs.1600.00 Crore income from fresh fruits
• Rs.300.00 Crore income from dry fruits
• Generates employment 1 Ha1.3
  person-days/year.
• Over 7 Crore boxes of fruit exported/year.

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Fruit Production Trends
Year Production (MT) increase
2001-02 10.97 ----
2002-03 11.46 4.50
2003-04 12.73 11.09
2004-05 13.31 4.53
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Average Productivity (APPLE)
Year Area (Ha) Production (M. T) Productivity
2001-02 90080 909583 10.09
2002-03 94874 953946 10.06
2003-04 100702 1041538 10.34
2004-05 107925 1093275 10.12
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• Apple Production trends
• in leading countries
• (2002)

JK 90,000 9,09,583 10.10
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Marketing of Major Horticulture Products
S.No Product 2004-05 (Lac Tons) 2005-06
1. Apples 10.93 11.52
2. Cherry 0.074 0.08
3. Pears 0.40 0.42
4. Walnut 1.005 1.083
5. Almond 0.135 0.143
6. Others 0.002 0.002
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Export of Fresh Fruits out of JK
Year Production (Lakh MT) Exported (Lakh MT) age of fruit exported increase in export
2000-01 8.372 5.016 59.91 -
2001-02 10.008 6.467 61.78 28.92
2002-03 10.457 7.053 67.45 9.06
2003-04 11.657 7.624 65.40 8.09
2004-05 12.176 8.194 67.29 7.47
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Export of Walnut outside the Country
Year Quantity Exports Quantity Exports Foreign Exchange earned (Lakh INR)
Year In-Shell (in MT) Kernell Foreign Exchange earned (Lakh INR)
1999-00 508 4485 60.55
2000-01 597 7145 109.94
2001-02 987 6415 117.78
2002-03 656 6976 121.23
2003-04 300 6001 99.30
2005-05 257 5417 92.82
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Market Infrastructure Development Programme

• Establishing a network of
• 21 Satellite markets in major fruit producing
  areas of the State.
• 3 Terminal Markets
• 22 Apni Mandis (rural primary markets)

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Technology Mission for Integrated Development of
Horticulture

• Approach
• End to end development of horticulture
  (pre harvest to marketing and processing)
• Basic Strategy
• Introduction of High yielding varieties/hybrids
  and technologies
• Post harvest handling and management marketing
• Value addition and processing of produce
• Structure
• Mini Mission I
• For Research and supply of nucleus plant
  material (SKUAST and CITH)
• Mini Mission II
• Improving production and productivity
• (Directorate of Agriculture and Horticulture)
• Mini Mission III
• Post Harvest Management and Marketing by
  National Horticulture Board
• Mini Mission IV
• Processing and value addition (coordination by
  Ministry of Food Processing Industry)

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Key Result Area Enhancing Productivity of fruit
crops
Current Productivity of apple 10 tons/ hectare

• Impact Since inception of Technology Mission in
  the State (2003-04) productivity
• levels have shown no significant improvement.
• Bottlenecks
• Area expansion carried out mechanically
  without reference to variety/hybrid to be
  promoted, based on recommended technology
• Research available with ICAR (CITH) or
  SKAUST not involved for developing technically
  sound area expansion
• No system in place for sourcing and
  propagating high quality plant material through
  SKUAST or based on SKUASTs evaluation
• No mechanism in place to monitor how
  subsidy on area expansion was utilised by
  beneficiary

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Key result Area Creation of Water Resources and
on Water Management
Objectives Enable critical irrigation
application for orchards in rainfed areas (70
of orchards)

• Bottlenecks
• Assistance for drip/sprinkler irrigation and
  mulching to the beneficiary not commensurate
  with the creation of water resources (tubewells
  or water tanks)

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Key result Area Establishment of Nurseries

• Objectives To make State self-sufficient in
  generating plant material of recommended
  varieties
• Bottlenecks
• Departmental nurseries suffer from acute shortage
  of funds for recurring expenditure
• Absence of verification of genuine and true to
  type mother plants being used for further
  multiplication
• Role of SKUAST (in developing nucleus plant
  material for multiplication through departmental
  or private nurseries)- marginal

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Key result Area Infrastructure for Marketing

• Objectives To provide easy market access to
  growers and reduce post harvest losses
• Bottlenecks
• Technically deficient design of markets
• -no provision for cleaning, grading
  and storage
• Delays in provision of basic facilities to match
  volume of trade, auction platforms

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Key result Area Research and Development

• Agencies involved CITH (ICAR) and
  SKUAST-Kashmir and SKUAST-Jammu)
• Bottlenecks
• Research Institution to supply nucleus
  plant material to departments. However no formal
  demand placed by the department
• Departments did not requisition for
  specific information/technical advise before
  implementing area expansion

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Lessons for future

• Coordination amongst institutions handling
  MM-I, II and III needs to be strengthened at
  both planning and implementation stages. State
  Level Steering Committee should meet at least
  once every quarter to review implementation.
• Annual Action Plans should emanate from a 10
  year State Strategic Plan based on
• identified production zones
• Cultivable area available in each zone for
  specified crops
• Accessibility of irrigation, minimum
  infrastructure
• Crops to be promoted/introduced based on SKUAST
  recommendations
• Total seed planting material required
• Capacity for marketing/processing required
• Disposal of table and processing varieties.

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Key Strategies

• Raise productivity of fruit crops-10 MTS to 20
  MTS in XI Plan for Apples
• Collaborate across public-pvt sectors to
  produce/supply elite plant material
• efficiency of public investment for water
  conservation/mgt.
• clusters of products for scale and complementary
• investment in post harvest infrastructure
• help mitigate market risks at farm gate will
  enable technology adoption
• Supply chain management for linking to organized
  retail
• Shift from traditional crops for
  self-consumption to HY varieties of
  fruits/vegetables/spices for markets