The Prolog Language

1
The Prolog Language

• by Piyabut Thavilthicakul
• 49540552

2
When the language first designed?

• Prolog first designed in very early 1970s.
• The first Prolog interpreter was developed in
  1972.

3
What were goals and purpose of Prolog?

• Prolog designed to be a logic programming
  language that use declarative semantics.

4
What kind of problem domain was Prolog intended
for?

• Prolog intended for use in Artificial
  Intelligence domains.
• For example
• Natural Language Processing
• Intelligent database

5
Who were the envisioned users?

• Software Engineers
• Mathematicians
• Computer Scientists
• Linguistics
• Others that using logic

6
What are some main features or distinctive
features of the Prolog?

• Method for specifying predicate calculus
  propositions and an implementation of a
  restricted from of resolution.

7
Who designed the Prolog language?

• Prolog designed by Alian Colmerauer and Phillippe
  Roussel with some assistance from Robert Kowalski.

8
How successful was the Prolog?

• Fifth Generation Computer Systems project (FGCS)
  chose Prolog for develop the project but later it
  ran into difficulty because at that time Prolog
  did not support concurrency.

9
How widely of the Prolog used today?

• Prolog is not widely used because it designed to
  use in a few small areas of application.
• There are several Prolog IDE and compiler.
• Visual-Prolog is commercial Prolog IDE but it
  also has Personal Edition for free.
• SWI-Prolog is free Prolog IDE widely use in
  research and education.
• GNU Prolog is free Prolog compiler supports many
  operating system.

10
How to perform some numerical computation in
Prolog?

• To
• F is 310.// return
• F 30

• To
• F is 310.
• // return
• F 13

11
How to input and output different kinds of data,
such as integers, floating pt and String?

• To input an integer
• read(X).
• 10.
• X10 // result
• To input a floating pt
• read(X).
• 4.000.
• X4.0 // result

• To input a string
• read(X).
• Hello, A Where are u?.
• // result
• XHello, A Where are u?

12
How to write and invoke a function or procedure?

• // factorial function
• factorial(0,1).
• factorial(N,F) -
• Ngt0,
• N1 is N-1,
• factorial(N1,F1),
• F is N F1.

• // using a factorial function to find what is
  factorial of 3.
• ?- factorial(3,W).
• // return
• W6

13
References

• Book Concepts of Programming Languages by Robert
  W. Sebesta.
• Wiki http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolog
• http//www.csupomona.edu/jrfisher/www/prolog_tuto
  rial/contents.html