Sustainability aspects of the Skadar lake water level regulation

1
Sustainability aspects of the Skadar lake water
level regulation

• Mirko Knezevic
• Biotechnical Institute, Podgorica, Montenegro,
• Mladen Todorovic
• CIHEAM-IAMB, Bari, Italy

2
Variation of yearly precipitation for the period
1950-1984
3
Monthly values of average, minimum and maximum
precipitation for the period 1950-1984
4
Minimum, maximum and average monthly water levels
in Skadar Lake for the period 1950-1984
5
Proposed solutions for the regulation of Skadar
lake water level

• The solution proposed by the "Skadarska sekcija"
  in 1930
• The solution proposed by the Institute for Water
  management "Jaroslav Cerni", Belgrade, in 1968
• The solution proposed by the FAO, OECD and
  Agrokombinat "13 jul" in 1973

6
Characteristic water levels of Skadar Lake and
corresponding zones of flooding
7
zone A

• under 6.5 m a.s.l
• occupies 6,006 ha
• most endangered part
• pond and swampy vegetation
• zone of marsh and peat

8
zone B

• between 6.5 and 8 m a.s.l
• covering 4,262 ha
• swampy alluvium
• vegetation is changed from swamps to natural
  meadows

9
zone C

• above 8 m a.s.l,
• covers 1,475 ha
• floods in this zone are periodical
• loamy alluvium

10
Protected species

• 82 endangered species according to the red list
  of IUCN (Red List Red list of Threatened Animals)
  
• 19 according to the red list of EU (European Red
  List of Globally Threatened Animals)
• 218 strictly protected species and 142 species
  subjected to the special measures of protection
  according to the Bern Convention
• 278 species protected with national laws

11
Conclusions

• Zones A and B (total surface area of 10,268 ha),
  subjected to continuous flooding, represent the
  priority for the protection against devastation
  and should be used on a sustainable manner
• Zone C (total surface area of 1,475 ha),
  subjected to periodical flooding, should be
  protected against flooding in order to develop
  high quality agricultural production.
• The regulation of flooding in this areas should
  be seen along with the solutions applied for the
  regulation of the Moraca River.