Kamloops Forest District

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Kamloops Forest District Bark Beetle Update,
December 2002
Dendroctonus ponderosae
Photo Source L. Maclauchlan, Kamloops Forest
Region
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COMMERCIAL TREE SPECIES
lodepole pine
Douglas-fir
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Bark beetles are very small, cylindrical
insects they must work together to mass attack
trees
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Beetles fly in late summer
Locate susceptible host (large, old pine) to
attack
Pitch response to beetle attack
Slide Source L. Maclauchlan, Kamloops Forest
Region
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Frass and boring dust at the base of an attacked
tree
Slide Source N. Jeans-Williams
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PROTECTED UNDER THE BARK

• The young beetles develop under the relative
  shelter of the bark over the next year
• The new brood emerge in July/August following
  year and attack adjacent trees

Larvae in galleries
Slide Source N. Jeans-Williams
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Galleries under the bark
LARVA ADULT
Slide Source N. Jeans-Williams
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pupa
teneral adult
larva
Mountain pine beetle is well set to overwinter
Slide Source L. Maclauchlan, Kamloops Forest
Region
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How does a mountain pine beetle outbreak begin?
weather
beetles
host
Synchronous 1 year life cycle
Slide Source L. Maclauchlan, Kamloops Forest
Region
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The Provincial Perspective - 2002 Overview
mountain pine beetle

• Kamloops Region 35,903 ha affected
• Cariboo, Prince George and Prince Rupert Regions
  1.7 million ha affected
• Provincial Total
• 1.9 million ha affected

Data Source MoF Forest Practices Branch
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TWEEDSMUIR PARK Summer 1999
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Provincial MPB affected area 2002
Map Source MoF, Forest Practices Branch
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Cumulative MPB affected area 1959-Present
Map Source Pacific Forestry Centre, NRC
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The mountain pine beetle outbreak in Central BC
2001
NEWS RELEASE Date November 28,
2001 CLMA/NFPA Mountain Pine Beetle Emergency
Task Force Mountain Pine Beetle Epidemic Now 98
per centof Provincial Allowable Annual Cut
Source CLMA/NFPA
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2002 mapped mountain pine beetle, Kamloops Region
Map Source Kamloops Forest Region
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27 year history of MPB in the Kamloops Region
Thousands of hectares affected
Year
2002 area increased by 6,000 ha from
2001 to almost 36,000 ha
Data Source Kamloops Forest Region
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Hectares affected by MPB estimated expansion
rates (GreenRed ratios)
Slide Source L. Maclauchlan, Kamloops Forest
Region
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2001 green to red ratio for the mountain pine
beetle 4 to 1
Slide Source L. Maclauchlan, Kamloops Forest
Region
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Kamloops Forest Region Aerial Overview Survey,
2002
Damaging Agent Ha affected(in Region) Mountain
pine beetle 35,903 ha
Western balsam bark beetle 24,455 ha
Douglas-fir beetle 2,697 ha
Spruce beetle 1,027 ha
Data Source Kamloops Forest Region
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MPB Hazard Rating

• Identifies stands where high losses can be
  expected should a beetle outbreak arise
• The rating considers stand age, host basal area,
  stand density and elevation
• Hazard Rating is sometimes referred to a
  susceptibility.

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MPB Hazard Rating
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MPB Risk Rating

• Estimates the probability of an outbreak
• Considers the proximity to the nearest active
  outbreak
• Stands at highest risk are immediately adjacent
  and within 1 km of an active outbreak

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MPB Management Options

• Sanitation Harvest (small or large patch)
• Bait and Harvest
• Single tree removal
• Fall Burn
• MSMA
• Prevention

• The most destructive beetle pest of mature
  Douglas-fir
• Occurs throughout the range of Douglas-fir in
  North America

Slide Source N. Jeans-Williams
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ACTIONS and CONFLICTS?

• Treatment Options and Potential Conflicts
• Harvesting and logging operations with respect
  to visual landscape, noise (shift workers), and
  traffic
• clearcutting
• horse logging
• heavy equipment
• trucking
• fall burn (smoke sensitivity)
• recreation (ski, snowmobile, golf, etc.)
• Other resources - wildlife, water, etc.

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The current beetle attack in the Kamloops
District with a focus on ...the District of
Logan Lake, and the City of Kamloops
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Area affected by MPB - 2002
Data Source Combined Region Aerial Overview
Survey 2002 and District GPS survey to November
29, 2002

• Total affected area 18,572 ha
• 6,000 GPS tags and polygons

Data Source Cascadia Nat. Res. Cons.
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Kamloops Forest District MPB 2002
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ACTIONS TO DATE

• Regional Aerial Overview Survey (fixed wing)
  mapped large to small sized Red Attack areas -
  August 2002
• District Aerial Detailed Survey (rotary wing)
  mapped very small Red Attack areas - Nov 2002
• Weyerhaeuser Aerial Preliminary Ground Surveys
  on high priority areas
• District MSMA project at Tunkwa Park
• District issued 6 contracts (acc.) 100,000 for
  ground surveys from Lac Le Jeune to LL Dam to
  Barnes Lake to Savona to Greenstone

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PROPOSED ACTIONS

• Meet with local governments, user groups,
  resource companies, private landowners, and etc.
• Develop Joint Action Plan for communities and
  adjacent forests
• provide extension services and professional
  expertise
• Presentation at LRUP Meetings in January 2003
• Budget and Implement Action Plan Monitor,
  Audit, and modify plan

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LODGEPOLE PINE DWARF MISTLETOE Archeuthobium
americanum
Witches Brooms
Causes stem and branch swellings