How We Got The Bible

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How We Got The Bible

• Its Transmission
• Thru the Ages

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Lesson 19
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The English Bible

• Christianity in Britain by 3rd century
• Bible worldwide mainly in Latin
• 7th century
• Caedmon, unlearned laborer credited
• Bible stories in verse form
• In Anglo-Saxon
• Stories from Creation to the Apostles
• 8th century the first translation
• Aldhelm (d. 709AD) translated the Psalms
• Venerable Bede (d. 735) translated John

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The Venerable Bede
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The English Bible-2

• 10th century
• King Alfred (d. 901) religious reform
• Psalms some other parts translated
• Abbot Aelfric translated some of the OT Gospels
• 1066 AD the Norman conquest
• Language changed
• Nothing siginificant in English Bible until 13th
  century
• Middle English by that time
• William Shoreham and Richard Rolle

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John Wycliffe

• Lived 1330-1384
• Time of great unrest
• Wycliffe a champion of the people
• He was a theologian _at_ Oxford
• Died of natural causes, but declared a heretic by
  the Catholic Church in 1415
• He and his students completed a translation from
  the Vulgate in 1382
• 1388 an anonymous revision

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John Wycliffe
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A Depiction of Wycliffes Trial
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An original copy of Wycliffes Bible
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William Tyndale

• 1511 Erasmus came to Cambridge
• 1516 Erasmus published his Greek NT
• Tyndale lived 1494-Oct 6, 1536
• Tyndale went there later after Oxford
• Tyndale translated Erasmus text into English
• Began in England
• Finished in Hamburg, Germany in 1525
• 1526, first copies smuggled into England
• Instant success

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William Tyndale-2

• Catholic Church tried to destroy Tyndales work
• Translated the Hebrew OT into English
• 1530 the Pentateuch
• 1531 Joshua
• 1534 revised Genesis
• More NT editions printed in 1534 and 1535
• Betrayed in 1535 and imprisoned in Belgium
• Oct 1536 executed
• Tied to a stake, strangled and then burned

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Depiction of Tyndales execution
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Vilvorde Castle Brussels, Belgium Site of
Tyndales imprisonment
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The Gospel Of John Tyndales NT
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William Tyndale-3

• Tyndales work impacts us even today
• Congregation not church
• Love not charity
• Repentance not penance
• Passover, scapegoat, mercy seat, long-suffering
• His work was not perfect, but he knew how to
  chose and use words for impact
• His Bible was revised to correct errors, but his
  impact was immeasurable

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William Tyndale-4

• More phrases we owe to Tyndale
• The kingdom of heaven is at hand (Matt 3)
• The salt of the earth (Matt 5)
• Daily bread (Matt 6)
• Consider the lilies of the field (Matt 6)
• Meek and lowly in heart (Matt 11)
• Only begotten Son (John 1)
• In my Fathers house are many mansions (John 14)
• In the twinkling of an eye (I Cor 15)
• Behold, I stand at the door and knock (Rev 3)
• The pleasures of sin for a season (Heb 11)

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Miles Coverdale

• Friend of Tyndale
• Printed an English Bible in 1535, that circulated
  w/out hindrance
• Not the equal of Tyndale in scholarship
• We dont know if Tyndale knew about Coverdales
  success before he died

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Miles Coverdale
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Coverdale Bible The Book of Genesis
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Other English Bibles

• Matthews Bible
• 1537 by John Rogers
• A friend of Tyndale
• Based on Tyndales work Coverdales
• The Taverners Bible
• Printed in 1539
• A revision of Matthews Bible

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Matthews Bible
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The Great Bible

• A revision of Matthews Bible
• Printed in 1539 edited by Coverdale
• 1st English Bible authorized to be read in
  English churches
• Henry VIII had copy put in every church
• People flocked to the churches to read it
• Preachers were a bit upset
• The people preferred to read the Bible
• Didnt want to sit and listen to a sermon

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The beginning of Matthew in the Great Bible
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The Great Bible - open to Jeremiah
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The Great Bible
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The Geneva Bible

• Published in 1560
• Became the most popular of the century
• Printed in Geneva, Switzerland, during the time
  of Queen Mary
• Included were commentary and illustrations
• Families wanted this Bible, while the Great Bible
  stayed in the churches
• Printed each verse as a paragraph
• Italicized English words not in the Greek text
• Had 140 editions printed over its life

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The Geneva Bible-2

• Continued to be popular even after the KJV
• Shakespeare quoted it in his plays
• It was the Bible brought to Jamestown
• It was the Bible of the Plymouth Pilgrims
• Sometimes called the Breeches Bible
• Gen 37 (sewed figge tree leaves together and
  made themselves breeches)
• Church officials did not like its commentary
• Too Calvinistic
• Printed their own bible called the Bishops Bible
  in 1568
• Never very popular with the people

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The Geneva Bible
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Intro to NT in The Geneva Bible
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The Geneva Bible Exodus 5
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The Geneva Bible - Ephesians 5
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The Great Bible
Exodus The Red Sea
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The Rheims-Douai Bible

• The Catholic Church began to feel the pinch and
  authorized their own translation
• Translated from the Vulgate, not the origianl
  languages
• NT completed at the College of Rheims in 1582
• OT completed at the College of Douai in 1610
• Both are colleges in England