An Analysis of Crop Diversification

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An Analysis of Crop Diversification

• Dr. Rajiv Mehta
• Member Secretary, CACP
• Ministry of Agriculture
• Government of India
• National Conference on Agriculture for Kharif
  Campaign-2005
• 22nd 23rd March 2005
• New Delhi

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Crop Diversification

• An effective strategy for achieving
• food nutrition security,
• income growth,
• poverty alleviation,
• employment generation,
• judicious use of land and water resources,
• sustainable agricultural development,
• and environmental improvement,
• (FAO 2001 Singh 2001).

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Catalysts for crop diversification

• Demand
• Supply response
• Price
• Market mechanism
• Competitiveness
• Sustainability
• Response for efficient resource use
• Policy Stimulants

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Crop Diversification Macro-perspective

• Land - an inelastic factor of production.
• Declining net area sown 141 million hectares
• Slow vertical expansion
• Gross Cropped Area 1990-01 1999-2000
• (million hectares) 185 190
• Depleting Water Availability
• Stress on Soil quality
• Skewed Cropping Pattern
• Area under foodgrains - 66 percent.
• Area under rice and wheat - 37per cent
• Area under oilseeds 14 per cent.
• Area under Cotton Sugarcane 7 percent
• Share of other crops - 13 per cent.

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Analysis of Crop Diversification
Macro-perspective .contd

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Analysis of Crop Diversification State
-perspective

• Crop Abbreviations
• PDY-k Paddy Kharif
• PDY-r Paddy Rabi
• WHT Wheat
• CCL-k Coarse Cereals-Kharif
• CCL-r Coarse Cereals-Rabi
• PLS-k Pulses-Kharif
• PLS-r Pulses-Rabi
• OLS-k Oilseeds-Kharif
• OLS-r Oilseeds-Rabi
• CTN Cotton
• SCN Sugarcane
• OTH Others
• All the crops except in Others are covered in MSP
  operation

• Quantitative Analysis covers 9 States
• Rice Wheat rotation states
• Punjab
• Haryana
• Uttar Pradesh
• Rice dominant states
• West Bengal
• Bihar
• Other states
• Andhra Pradesh
• Karnataka
• Maharashtra
• Rajasthan

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Existing Cropping Pattern
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Change in Cropping Pattern percentage(From TE
1990-91 to TE 2000-01)
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Index of Crop Diversification
Index in 1990-91 2000-01 Change
in Diversification Index
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Value of Agricultural Output Per
Hectare (Current Prices) Annual Growth
In Value of Output /HA ( In Constant Prices)
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Crop Diversification Road aheadMacro Issues

• Food Security
• Foodgrain Requirement 2006-07 2009-10
• (Million. Tonns) 230 245
• Other Demand Issues
• Oilseeds Pulses Demand outpacing domestic
  supply
• Demand (2006-7) Oilseeds Pulses
  40 Mn. Tns 18 Mn. Tns
• Existing Import substitution - 40 15
• Rising Demand for Horticulture, Livestock and
  poultry

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Crop Diversification Road ahead State /Region
Specific Issues

• Sustainability
• Land, Water, Soil
• Demarcation - Regions Districts
• Supply Issues
• Demand Supply Gap
• Productivity
• Regional Imbalance
• Potential in Eastern and North eastern States
• Quality and Premium variety potential e.g. Wheat
  
• Increasing demand / supply of Horticulture-
  Livestock products

• Comparative Advantage
• Existing yield gaps.
• Stagnant Productivity
• Alternative Cropping Choices
• Research Extension Linkages
• Export Opportunity
• Market and Institutional issues
• Backward Forward linkages
• Infrastructure
• Value Addition
• Revisiting land reforms
• Market Reforms

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• Thanks
• E-mail rajivmehta2003_at_rediffmail.com