Chapter 1 Looking at the EARTH

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Chapter 1Looking at the EARTH

• Unit 1
• Thinking Like A Geographer
• Fortner

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GeographyIs the study of the earth in all its
variety.

• Land
• Water
• Plants
• Animals

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Physical CharacteristicsWhat makes one place
different from another place.

• They look at where something is located on the
  planet.
• They try to find where somewhere else is
  different.
• They also try to find where some place is like.
• They ask
• What makes a place similar to or different from
  other places?

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Landformsare individual features of the land,
such as mountains and valleys.
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Human CharacteristicsGeographers look at the
social characteristics of the people living the
the place.

• Do many or only a few live there?
• Do the live close together or far apart?
• What kind of government do they have?
• What religions do they follow?
• What kind of language do they speak?
• From where did the peoples ancestors come?

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REGIONSGeographers carefully study individual
cities, rivers and other landforms to see what
they have in common.
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Tools of GeographyGeographers need tools to
study people and places.
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MapsGeographers use many different types of
maps. Each map gives geographers a particular
type of information about a place.
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Geographers collect data for mapping EARTH.

• GPS means GLOBAL Positioning SYSTEM.
• A GPS receiver is a special device that receives
  signals from satellites traveling around the
  Earth.
• The GPS satellite can tell the exact latitude and
  longitude of that location.
• GPS devices are even installed in vehicles to
  help drivers find their way.

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Geographic Information Systems

• Special computer software.
• GIS helps geographers gather many different kinds
  of information about the same place.

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USES of GEOGRAPHY

• Following directions from a road map.
• Plan new services in the community.
• To help make sound decisions about building and
  construction.
• Manage resources such as water or trees, oil or
  coal.
• Locate these resources.

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Clues to the Past

• No written records exist to tell what people ate
  or what kinds of animals were in an area.
• This is called PREHISTORY, or the time before
  writing was developed.
• Scientist use ARTIFACTS, which are tools, pottery
  and paintings, or FOSSILS, the remains of humans,
  to determine how ancient people lived.

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DEFINE THE TERMS

• Geography
• Landform
• GPS, or Global Positioning System
• Geographic Information System or GIS
• Artifact
• Fossil

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Recalling the FACTS

• What two kinds of characteristics of a place do
  geographers study?
• What are the main tools of geography?
• What are three uses for geography?

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CRITICAL THINKING

• How have the physical characteristics of your
  region affected the way people live there?
• Give five examples of regions. Begin with an
  area near you that shares common characteristics,
  then think of larger and larger regions.

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GRAPHIC ORGANIZERDraw a diagram like this one.
In the center, write the name of a place you
would like to visit. In the outer ovals identify
the types of geographic information you would
like to learn about this place.
Culture of people
weather
Bahamas
Water and land
Animal species