Individual Differences

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Individual Differences
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What are INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES?

• What are FUNDAMENTAL CONSISTENCIES?

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Studying Individual Differences
The Unique Individual
Forms of Self- Expression
Personalitytraits Values
Self-Management

• Self Concept
• Self-esteem
• Self-efficacy
• Self-monitoring

Attitudes
Abilities
Emotions
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Self-Efficacy
Self-efficacy A persons belief about his or
her chances of successfully accomplishing a
specific task.

• Sources of Self-Efficacy Beliefs
• - Prior experience
• - Behavior models
• - Persuasion from others
• - Assessment of physical/emotional state

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What Is Personality?
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The Big Five Personality Model
Extraversion
Agreeableness
Conscientiousness
Emotional Stability
Openness to Experience
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The Big Five Personality Dimensions

• Extraversion Outgoing, talkative, sociable,
  assertive
• Agreeableness Trusting, good natured,
  cooperative, soft hearted
• Conscientiousness Dependable, responsible,
  achievement oriented, persistent
• Emotional stability Relaxed, secure, unworried
• Openness to experience Intellectual,
  imaginative, curious, broad minded
• Research finding Conscientiousness is the best
  (but not a strong) predictor of job performance

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Personality andNational Culture
Achievement and Material Success
Relationship to the Environment
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Cognitive Styles

• Gathering Information
• Sensation-type individuals
• Routine/order/precise details
• Intuitive-type individuals
• Overall perspective/dislike routine
• Evaluating Information
• Feeling-type individuals
• Need to conform and adapt to the wishes of others
• Thinking-type individuals
• Rely on reason/intellect to deal with
  problems/downplay emotions

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Emotional Intelligence

• Self-awareness
• Self-regulation
• Motivation (passion for work)
• Empathy
• Social Skills

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Ethics?

• ethic    (eth-ik), n.
• A set of principles of right conduct.
• A theory or a system of moral values An ethic
  of service is at war with a craving for gain
  (Gregg Easterbrook).
• ethics (used with a sing. verb) The study of the
  general nature of morals and of the specific
  moral choices to be made by a person moral
  philosophy.
• ethics (used with a sing. or pl. verb) The rules
  or standards governing the conduct of a person or
  the members of a profession medical ethics.
• SO, can you teach ethics?

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Values?

• What are values?
• What do you value?
• How are personal values reflected in an
  organization?
• What determines what you value?

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Values

• The importance an individual attaches to
  something closely tied to ethics (individuals
  personal sense of what is right and what is
  wrong)
• Differences in values stem from
• Age
• Generational differences
• What else?

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