Title: GPM Constellation Reconfiguration and Mission Status
1 GPM Constellation Reconfiguration and Mission
Status
Arthur Y. Hou NASA Goddard Space Flight
Center arthur.y.hou_at_nasa.gov
IPWG 3rd Workshop, October 23-27, 2006 Melbourne,
Australia
2GPM is an international satellite mission to
unify and advance global precipitation
measurements
GPM advances over current capabilities
- GPM Core Spacecraft carries a dual-frequency
radar a multi-frequency radiometer to provide
measurements of 3-D precipitation structures and
microphysical properties to serve as a
precipitation physics observatory for improved
understanding of precipitation processes and
retrieval algorithms. - GPM Core Spacecraft is in a 65o-inclined orbit
to provide coincident measurements with partner
satellites, enabling the Core radar/radiometer to
serve as a reference standard to obtain uniformly
calibrated global precipitation measurements from
a heterogeneous constellation of dedicated and
operational passive microwave radiometers.
3GPM originally conceived as a satellite mission
that provides precipitation measurements around
the globe approximately every 3 hours
by conically-scanning radiometers
3 Hour Coverage by GPM Core and 7 Constellation
Radiometers
comprising dedicated and operational
satellites GPM Core, F18, F19, GCOM-W,
Megha-Tropiques, NASA-1, Partner-1, Partner-2
4(No Transcript)
5Surface Rain Retrievals from Passive Microwave
Sensors Compared with TRMM PR Over U.S.
Normalized RMS errors of TMI, AMSR-E, F13, F14,
F15 surface rain retrievals with respect to
ground measurements over U.S., and corresponding
errors for AMSU-B (15, 16, 17) and TRMM PR
0.25o instantaneous retrievals within hourly
windows against continuous surface radar gauge
measurements for JJA 2005
In GPM era most C-S imagers X-T sounders will
have HF channels
Sounder retrievals with HF water vapor channels
are closer to PR than C-S imagers without HF
between 1-10 mm/h
6Surface Rain Retrievals from Passive Microwave
Sensors Over Land
0.25o instantaneous retrievals within hourly
windows (Jan-Dec 2005)
Over U.S. (South of 35N)
Over Tropical Land (35N-35S)
TRMM PR
RMS errors due to temporal mismatches within 1h
observation window for perfect
retrievals
Lin Hou (2006)
7Average Revisit Times by Passive Microwave
Sensors in GPM Era
Lin Hou (2006)
8 Passive Microwave Sensor (PMW) Characteristics
in GPM Era
V Vertical Polarization H Horizontal
Polarization
- Constellation microwave sensor channel coverage
- Mean Spatial Resolution (km)
9GPM provides a consistent framework to unify a
heterogeneous constellation of PMW sensors (both
C-S imagers and X-T sounders)
- By making combined use of DPR GMI on GPM Core
Spacecraft to provide - - a uniform calibration of brightness
temperature measurements and - - a common cloud/hydrometeor database for
precipitation retrievals
10- Improve understanding of precipitation physics
- Unify a heterogeneous constellation of passive
microwave sensors to provide accurate and timely
global precipitation measurements for research
applications
GPM Mission
11GPM Ground Validation for Improving Satellite
Simulators, Retrieval Algorithms, Hydrological
Applications
- Statistical validation sites for direct
assessment of GPM satellite surface precipitation
products - Co-located with existing or upgraded national
network (NEXRAD etc.) and dense gauge networks to
identify and resolve significant discrepancies
between the national network and satellite
estimates - Leveraging off national networks of partnership
countries and international scientific
collaboration for regional and global assessments
- Precipitation process sites for improving
understanding and modeling of precipitation
physics in physical and radiance spaces for
satellite retrieval algorithm refinements - Continental tropical, mid- and high-latitude
sites (including orographic/coastal sites and
targeted sites for resolving discrepancies
between satellite algorithms) - Oceanic tropical and mid-latitude sites
- Aircraft measurements
- Integrated hydrological sites for improving
hydrological applications - Co-located with existing watersheds maintained by
other US agencies and international research
programs to use hydrological basins as an
integrated measure of the quality of
precipitation products - International GPM GV
partnership opportunities
12Joint CloudSat/CALIPSO/GPM Field Campaign
- GPM Participation in the Canadian
CloudSat/Calipso Validation Program - Winter 2006-2007
- GPM hardware contributions
- an Advanced Multi-frequency (Ka-Ku-W) radar
(UMass) - a 2D video disdrometer (CSU)
- GSFC Parsvels for measuring hydrometeor numbers,
sizes (maximum width), type, and fall speeds - 2. Collection of data sets for development of GPM
snowfall detection and estimation algorithms - Develop models that convert microphysical
properties (snow size, shape distributions,
density, ice-air-water ratio) to radiative
properties (asymmetry factor, absorption-scatterin
g-backscatter coefficients) - Relate radiative properties to microwave
radiances and radar reflectivities observed by
GPM instruments - Combine satellite, aircraft and ground
measurements for GPM GMI and DPR algorithm
validation - Support Cloud-Resolving Model (CRM) microphysics
validation in cold-region simulations
13GPM Mission Status
- NASA and JAXA have signed an agreement to jointly
formulate the GPM mission with the following
assumptions - JAXA to provide a Dual-frequency Precipitation
Radar (DPR) for the GPM Core spacecraft and
launch services for the Core spacecraft - KuPR and KaPR engineering model under development
testing - NASA to provide two GPM Microwave Imager (GMI)s,
the Core spacecraft, a constellation spacecraft
associated launch services - GMI in development by Ball Aerospace Technology
Corporation - Joint NASA and industry development of Core
Spacecraft underway - Selection of a new NASA/Precipitation Missions
Science Team (November 2006) - GPM Core spacecraft launch circa 2013
- Constellation partnership development
- Partnerships in formulation JAXA, NOAA, DoD
- Partnerships under discussion AEB (Brazil)
- Future opportunities ISRO(India)/CNES(France),
ESA, EUMETSAT - GPM Planning Workshops
- 6th GPM International Planning Meeting to be held
6-8 November 2005 in Annapolis, MD, USA. - 2nd GPM International Ground Validation Workshop
held in September 2005 in Taipei, Taiwan. 3rd GV
Workshop is under planning for 2007.
14Recent National Research Council Recommendations
- The (NASA) Global Precipitation Measurement
(GPM) mission should be launched without further
delays. - Earth Science and Applications from Space
Urgent Needs and Opportunities to Serve the
Nation, National Academies Press, Washington, DC,
2005
NOAA takes over the operation of the GPM Core
satellite from NASA five years after
launch. Develop a GPM follow-on NOAA program...
as U.S. components of a continuing and evolving
international constellation of satellites within
the WMO ... for satellite-based global
precipitation measurements. Report
of NRC/BASC Committee on the Future of
Precipitation Missions, September, 2006
15- The GPM Mission will unify and advance
global precipitation
measurements by providing - advanced microwave sensors (DPR GMI)
- a consistent framework for inter-satellite
calibration - science teams for algorithm development, ground
validation, and improved use of precipitation
data in research applications
Summary
The success of GPM will rely on
the continued
support and advocacy of the community such
as IPWG!