Ancient Indian Civilizations

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Ancient Indian Civilizations
CHAPTER 3

• Section 1 Indus River Valley
• Section 2 Indo-Aryan Migrants
• Section 3 Hinduism and Buddhism
• Section 4 Ancient Indian Dynasties
• Section 5 Ancient Indian Life and Culture

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Objectives
Section 1
Indus River Valley

• Examine the role geography and climate played in
  the settlement of the Indian subcontinent.
• Investigate how people in the first Indus River
  valley civilization lived.

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The Importance of Geography and Climate
Section 1
Indus River Valley

• Physical geography Himalayas, Ganges River,
  Indus River
• The climate monsoons and high temperatures

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Early Civilization in the Indus
Section 1
Indus River Valley

• River valley
• Large, carefully planned cities
• Facilities for storage and distribution of
  surplus food

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Objectives
Section 2
Indo-Aryan Migrants

• Explain how life in northern India changed with
  the coming of the Indo-Aryans.
• Identify the major contributions of the
  Indo-Aryans to ancient Indian society.

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The Nomadic Indo-Aryans
Section 2
Indo-Aryan Migrants

• The Vedic Age
• Indo-Aryan religion from nature

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Early Indo-Aryan Society
Section 2
Indo-Aryan Migrants

• Indo-Aryan society settled communities,
  marriage was important
• The Indo-Aryan economy barter
• Southern India

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Section 3 Objectives
Section 3
Hinduism and Buddhism

• Describe the importance of religion in ancient
  Indian society.
• Identify the principal elements of Hinduism.
• Identify the basic beliefs of Buddhism.

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The Upanishads and the Epics
Section 3
Hinduism and Buddhism

• Upanishads written explanation of Vedic
  religion
• Upanishads come from the Brahmins
• ( priests that would perform religious ceremonies)

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• Epics long poems based on historical or
  religious themes
• Why were the epics written? Ordinary people
  could not read or write, so they could not use
  the Upanishads. They listened to the epics that
  were told by the priests.
• All of the stories were combined into two major
  epics, the Mahabarata, and the Ramayana.
• Bhagavad Gita- Part of the Mahabarata, and one of
  the most famous of Hindu scriptures. (Pg. 60)

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• Carvings of dieties at Kanchi Puraam, the temple
  in Madras, India. There are millions of gods and
  goddesses in Hinduism.

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The God Vishnu- Part of the Epic the Bhagavad Gita
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A Changing Society
Section 3
Hinduism and Buddhism

• Caste system
• Varnas social classes

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Hinduism
Section 3
Hinduism and Buddhism

• Hindu beliefs monism, reincarnation
• Hindu religious practices yoga, seasonal
  festivals

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Buddhism
Section 3
Hinduism and Buddhism

• The Buddhas teachings reincarnation, ethics,
  selflessness
• The spread of Buddhism

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Objectives
Section 4
Ancient Indian Dynasties

• Explain how the Mauryan rulers increased their
  power.
• Examine the reasons for the decline of Gupta rule.

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Rise of the Mauryan Empire
Section 4
Ancient Indian Dynasties

• Chandragupta Maurya powerful leader
• Asoka great ruler, Buddhist

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The Gupta Rulers
Section 4
Ancient Indian Dynasties

• Less centralized rule
• Local leaders
• Invaders from Asia

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Objectives
Section 5
Ancient Indian Life and Culture

• Describe how womens rights were limited in
  ancient Indian society.
• Identify the most important achievements of the
  Gupta period.

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Economy and Society
Section 5
Ancient Indian Life and Culture

• Women were prohibited from owning property
• Polygyny

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Cultural Achievements
Section 5
Ancient Indian Life and Culture

• Art and architecture
• Education Nalanda
• Mathematics and astronomy algebra, quadratic
  equations
• Medicine inoculation