World View of Nutrition

1
World View of Nutrition
Chapter 15

• The Faces of Global Malnutrition

2
Malnutrition in the United States

• Food insecurity
• Anxiety about having enough to eat
• Worry about having no money to buy food
• Prevalence and distribution
• Strongly associated with poverty
• Linked with economic and social factors

3
Malnutrition in the United States

• Groups at risk for hunger and malnutrition
• The working poor
• May or may not qualify for food assistance
• The isolated
• Lack access to food resources
• Elders
• Economic difficulties
• Physical ailments

4
Malnutrition in the United States

• Groups at risk for hunger and malnutrition
• The homeless
• Lack consistent cooking facilities
• Limited income, if any
• Children
• Dependent on family circumstances
• Hunger affects school performance

5
Malnutrition in the United States

• Attacking hunger in America
• The Food Stamp program
• Extends food buying power
• Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women,
  Infants, and Children (WIC)
• Food, nutrition services for pregnant and
  lactating women, and children to age 5
• National School Lunch Program
• Free and reduced price meals
• Child and Adult Care Food Program

6
Malnutrition in the Developing World

• Factors that contribute to hunger and
  malnutrition
• Social and economic factors
• Poverty
• Population growth
• Urbanization
• Infection and disease

7
Malnutrition in the Developing World

• Factors that contribute to hunger and
  malnutrition
• Political disruptions and natural disasters
• War
• Refugees
• Sanctions
• Floods, droughts, mudslides, hurricanes
• Inequitable food distribution

8
Malnutrition in the Developing World

• Agriculture and environment a tricky balance
• Environmental degradation
• Reduced food production
• Nutritional consequences

9
Malnutrition in the Developing World

• Common forms of malnutrition
• Protein-energy malnutrition
• Kwashiorkor
• Marasmus
• Breastfeeding often key to childs survival
• Iodine deficiency disorders
• Most common cause of preventable brain damage

10
Malnutrition in the Developing World

• Common forms of malnutrition
• Vitamin A deficiency
• Leading cause of preventable blindness
• Iron-deficiency anemia
• Limits productive of population
• Other vitamin, mineral deficiencies
• Overweight and obesity
• Differing cultural attitudes
• High calorie, low nutrient dense foods