Introduction to DNA

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Introduction to DNA

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Question

• From your on-line computer activity, what do you
  know about the structure of DNA?

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Structure of DNA

• DNA is a polymer of what????

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Nuclotides!
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There are two types of bases

• Adenine Guanine
• ( A G )
• Thymine Cytosine
• ( T C)

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There are two types of bases
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Intro to DNA

• Chromosomes exist in matching pairs in the
  nucleus of a cell
• Scientists call the matching pairs homologous
  pairs.
• In every human body cell, there are 23 homologous
  pairs of chromosomes.

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Example of a human Karyotype

• IN HUMANS
• Pair 1- 22 autosomes
• Pair 23 Sex chromosomes XX
• XY

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Karyotype

• What does the prefix homo mean?
• How are homologs similar?
• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4

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Karyotype

• Q How are homologs different????
• GENE
• A

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IMPORTANT !!

• All 46 chromosomes are present in every human
  body cell!!!? Therefore
• All 30,000 genes pairs which make up a human are
  in every human body cell!

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IMPORTANT !!

• Genome
• Every body cell of an organism contains its
  entire genome !!!!