Markierung von Nomen eine Wiederholung

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Markierung von Nomen (eine Wiederholung)

• -articles/marking
• -word order
• -Übung

D.Siebenhar ? 2007
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Nouns - marking nouns
What do we already know about marking German
nouns?
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Nouns - marking nouns
What do we already know about marking German
nouns? nouns are marked by gender, number, and
case
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Nouns - marking nouns
What do we already know about marking German
nouns? nouns are marked by gender, number, and
case words 'belonging' to nouns / standing
before nouns must mark the nouns according to
gender, number, and case
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Nouns - marking nouns
What do we already know about marking German
nouns? nouns are marked by gender, number, and
case words 'belonging' to nouns / standing
before nouns must mark the nouns according to
gender, number, and case marking is usually
done by 'special-function' words
(articles) der-words der/die/das.., dies-,
jed-, jen-, manch-, solch-, welch-
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Nouns - marking nouns
What do we already know about marking German
nouns? nouns are marked by gender, number, and
case words 'belonging' to nouns / standing
before nouns must mark the nouns according to
gender, number, and case marking is usually
done by 'special-function' words
(articles) der-words der/die/das.., dies-,
jed-, jen-, manch-, solch-, welch- ein-words
ein, kein, mein, dein, sein, ihr, unser, euer,
ihr, Ihr sometimes other words
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Nouns - marking nouns
What is the marking scheme? These endings are
placed on the 'article-word' according to the
purpose of the following noun in the sentence.
Nom Akk Dat Gen masc -r -n -m -s fem -e -e -r -r
neut -s -s -m -s pl -e -e -n -r
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Nouns - marking nouns
Why do Germans mark nouns? Why is it so confusing
to us?
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Nouns - marking nouns
Why do Germans mark nouns? Why is it so confusing
to us? It all goes back to word order and gender
of nouns
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Nouns - marking nouns
Why do Germans mark nouns? Why is it so confusing
to us? It all goes back to word order and gender
of nouns Germans keep track of the elements
and meanings (parsing) in a sentence by using
the markings as a roadmap for communication of
ideas.
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Nouns - marking nouns
Why do Germans mark nouns? Why is it so confusing
to us? It all goes back to word order and gender
of nouns Germans keep track of the elements
and meanings (parsing) in a sentence by using
the markings as a roadmap for communication of
ideas.
The roadmap tells you what the intended
subject is, (nominative) what the direct
object is, (accusative) what the indirect
object is, (dative) what possessives
are. (genitive)
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Nouns - marking nouns
Why do Germans mark nouns? Why is it so confusing
to us? It all goes back to word order and gender
of nouns Germans keep track of the elements
and meanings in a sentence by using the markings
as a roadmap for communication of ideas.
The roadmap tells you what the intended
subject is, (nominative) what the direct
object is, (accusative) what the indirect
object is, (dative) what possessives
are. (genitive)
Therefore, with a marked subject, object,
indirect object or possessive, placement of the
marked noun is of much lesser importance for
understanding.
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Nouns - marking nouns
English has no useful marking scheme, so word
order rules are very restrictive.
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Nouns - marking nouns
English has no useful marking scheme, so word
order rules are very restrictive. English
Example a. 'The journalist is driving his car
today. (ok)
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Nouns - marking nouns
English has no useful marking scheme, so word
order rules are very restrictive. English
Example a. 'The journalist is driving his car
today. (ok) b. 'Today, the journalist is
driving his car.' or (also ok)
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Nouns - marking nouns
English has no useful marking scheme, so word
order rules are very restrictive. English
Example a. 'The journalist is driving his car
today. (ok) b. 'Today, the journalist is
driving his car.' or (also ok) c. His car is
driving the journalist today' (not possible)
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Nouns - marking nouns
English has no useful marking scheme, so word
order rules are very restrictive. English
Example a. 'The journalist is driving his car
today. (ok) b. 'Today, the journalist is
driving his car.' or (also ok) c. His car is
driving the journalist today' (not possible)
Why are the first and second sentences possible
and the third one not?
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Nouns - marking nouns
English has no useful marking scheme, so word
order rules are very restrictive. English
Example a. 'The journalist is driving his car
today. (ok) b. 'Today, the journalist is
driving his car.' or (also ok) c. His car is
driving the journalist today' (not possible)
Why are the first and second sentences possible
and the third one not? 1. English requires
that the verb ('is driving') immediately follows
the subject (the journalist)
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Nouns - marking nouns
English has no useful marking scheme, so word
order rules are very restrictive. English
Example a. 'The journalist is driving his car
today. (ok) b. 'Today, the journalist is
driving his car.' or (also ok) c. His car is
driving the journalist today' (not possible)
Why are the first and second sentences possible
and the third one not? 1. English requires
that the verb ('is driving') immediately follows
the subject (the journalist) and 2. that
the subject be the first element in the sentence.

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Nouns - marking nouns
English has no useful marking scheme, so word
order rules are very restrictive. English
Example a. 'The journalist is driving his car
today. (ok) b. 'Today, the journalist is
driving his car.' or (also ok) c. His car is
driving the journalist today' (not possible)
Why are the first and second sentences possible
and the third one not? 1. English requires
that the verb ('is driving') immediately follows
the subject (the journalist) and 2. that
the subject be the first element in the sentence.
Neither requirement is fulfilled in c.
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Nouns - marking nouns
'His car is driving the journalist today
demonstrates how heavily English communication
depends on a fixed word order. In English the
meaning is truly silly.
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Nouns - marking nouns
'His car is driving the journalist today
demonstrates how heavily English communication
depends on a fixed word order. In English the
meaning is truly silly.
The sentence is silly because in English, we
expect the subject to be first. However, if you
look at the logic of the sentence, the journalist
is driving, not the car. This sentence is
written the way the German might express the
idea. And the sentence is silly because English
cannot mark the nouns with endings/markings to
indicate subject or object.
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Nouns - marking nouns
'His car is driving the journalist today
demonstrates how heavily English communication
depends on a fixed word order. In English the
meaning is truly silly.
The sentence is silly because in English, we
expect the subject to be first However, if you
look at the logic of the sentence, the journalist
is driving, not the car. This sentence is
written the way the German might express the
idea. And the sentence is silly because English
cannot mark the nouns with endings/markings to
indicate subject or object. The English sentence
above is written using German enumeration
rules ? direct object/modifier - verb -
subject ? 3 -
2 - 1
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Nouns - marking nouns
'Der Journalist fährt heute seinen Wagen.'
'The journalist is driving his car today.'
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Nouns - marking nouns
'Der Journalist fährt heute seinen Wagen.'
'The journalist is driving his car
today.' 'Heute fährt der Journalist seinen
Wagen.' 'Today, the journalist is driving his
car.'
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Nouns - marking nouns
'Der Journalist fährt heute seinen Wagen.'
'The journalist is driving his car
today.' 'Heute fährt der Journalist seinen
Wagen.' 'Today, the journalist is driving his
car.' 'Seinen Wagen fährt heute der Journalist.'
His car is driving today the journalist.'
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Nouns - marking nouns
'Der Journalist fährt heute seinen Wagen.'
'The journalist is driving his car
today.' 'Heute fährt der Journalist seinen
Wagen.' 'Today, the journalist is driving his
car.' 'Seinen Wagen fährt heute der Journalist.'
His car is driving today the journalist.'
The markings keep straight what is
happening. The '-r' on 'd-' announces the
nominative noun, 'Journalist' The '-n' on 'sein-'
announces the accusative of 'Wagen' so the
placement of nouns is irrelevant. No matter the
order, the journalist is still driving his car
and not the reverse.
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Nouns - marking nouns
Germans use these markings to keep track of what
happens in a sentence. It is the main job of the
article (der-word and ein-word) to carry the
marking.
And, of course, the marking is determined by the
gender of the word. So, there are two driving
factors in the logic of a sentence Word order
and the genders of the nouns.
'Seinen Wagen fährt heute der Journalist.'
'Heute fährt der Journalist seinen Wagen.' 'Der
Journalist fährt heute seinen Wagen.'
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Beispiel - marking nouns
What do the markings show? (gender number case)
Fall case, instance e Kindesmisshandlung
child abuse geheim secret Gifhorn city
name misshandeln abuse berichten
report ausgeben pass off as gleichaltrig same
age
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Beispiel - marking nouns
What do the markings show? (gender number case)
Neuer Fall Eltern Tod ihrer
Tochter ihre Tochter
Fall case, instance e Kindesmisshandlung
child abuse geheim secret Gifhorn city
name misshandeln abuse berichten
report ausgeben pass off as gleichaltrig same
age
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Beispiel - marking nouns
What do the markings show? (gender number case)
m - nom. pl - nom. ? f - gen. f - acc.
Neuer Fall Eltern Tod ihrer
Tochter ihre Tochter
Fall case, instance e Kindesmisshandlung
child abuse geheim secret Gifhorn city
name misshandeln abuse berichten
report ausgeben pass off as gleichaltrig same
age
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Beispiel - marking nouns
What do the markings show? (gender number case)
m - nom pl - nom. ? f - gen. f - acc.
Neuer Fall Eltern Tod ihrer
Tochter ihre Tochter
ihren Tod die Polizei die Eltern die
Tochter des Paares
Fall case, instance e Kindesmisshandlung
child abuse geheim secret Gifhorn city
name misshandeln abuse berichten
report ausgeben pass off as gleichaltrig same
age
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Beispiel - marking nouns
What do the markings show? (gender number case)
m - nom pl - nom. ? f - gen. f - acc.
m - acc. f - nom. pl - nom. f - acc. n - gen.
Neuer Fall Eltern Tod ihrer
Tochter ihre Tochter
ihren Tod die Polizei die Eltern die
Tochter des Paares
Fall case, instance e Kindesmisshandlung
child abuse geheim secret Gifhorn city
name misshandeln abuse berichten
report ausgeben pass off as gleichaltrig same
age
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Ende des Podcasts - Markierung
Links für online Übungen finden Sie bei den
Online-Diensten des Sprachlabors, Irvin Hall
60 http//montgomery.cas.muohio.edu/ilrc-online/
German/Deutsch20Na20Klar204th20Edition/Web/