Title: European Class 2005
1European Class 2005
- The WFD approach at
- the River Gallikos
- in Makedonia, Hellas
Sabrina Coste, Julia Hegner and Fran?ois
Rose 13th May 2005 School of Biology -
Aristoteles University Thessaloniki
2Contents
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Study Area
- 3. Methods and Materials
- 4. Discussion of Results
- 5. Conclusion
31. Introduction
- The Water Framework Directive 2000/60 E.C.
- "good water status for all waters by 2015"
- The Ecological Quality Ratio
- Assessment of
- Biological Parameters
- Hydromorphological Parameters
- Physicochemical Parameters
4Contents
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Study Area
- 3. Methods and Materials
- 4. Discussion of Results
- 5. Conclusion
52. Study Area - Gallikos
- Localisation
- Coordinates 40,48299 N 22,51235 E
- Sampling in beginning of March
- Landuses
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7Contents
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Study Area
- 3. Methods and Materials
- 4. Discussion of Results
- 5. Conclusion
83. Methods and Materials
- A, Biological Parameters
- Macroinvertebrate- Kick-Sampling
- Biotic Indices and Scores
- B, Hydromorphological Parameters
- Greek Habitat Richness Matrix
- River Habitat Survey (RHS)
- C, Physicochemical Parameters
- D, Statistical Analyses Multivariate Technics
- Primer
- Simper
- Fuzzy
- Canoco
9A, Biological Parameters
- Using macroinvertebrates, because .
- They dont move a lot
- Indicator organisms
- Not difficult to sample and to identify
- Sampling
- Kick-sweep sampling
- With standards pond net
- 3 min 1 min in all habitats at each site
- Conservation with formol
- After sampling
- In laboratory animals are sorted and identify
10Tool and Technic
- Kick sweep sampling by Yorgos Chatzinikolaou
- Pond net used to sample
11BIOTIC INDICES AND SCORES
- Based on the principle that polluted waters are
generally less diverse than comparable unpolluted
waters. - All countries have different Biotic Indices or
Scores - The UK Biological Monitoring Working Party Score
- ?
- The Iberian Biological Monitoring Working Party
Score - ?
- The Hellenic Evaluation Score
12The Hellenic Evaluation Score
- Calculation of the Hellenic Biological Monitoring
Working Party (HBMWP) score Sum of all the
results of the taxa - Calculation of the Hellenic Average Score Per
Taxon (HASPT) HBMWP/ number of taxa - Decide whether the site is poor or rich according
to Greek Habitat Richness Matrix (GHRM)
- ) Capniidae, Chloroperlidae,
- e) Phryganeidae, Molanidae, Odontoceridae,
Bareidae, Lepidostomatidae, Thremmatidae,
Brachycentridae, Helicopsychidae
13Rich site Many types of habitats
Poor site Few types of habitats
4. Choose the respectively X/Y-Table 5. Classify
HBMWP score ? X 6. Classify HASPT ? Y 7. Final
Calculation (XY)/2 HES
148. Classification of the water quality
15The UK BMWP score
- The BMWP score
- Benthic invertebrate are refered to a score based
on their susceptibility to pollution - The ASPT
- BMWPT / number of taxa
- The EQItaxa
- number of taxa observed / number of taxa
predicted - The EQIaspt
- ASPT observed / ASPT predicted
16UK river classification scheme
17The Iberian BMWP score
- Very clean waters (pristine)
- Differences to the UK BMWP
- news families that changes the score
- 5 different levels of classification
- Almost the same methodology as for the UK BMWP
- Not polluted, or not noticeably altered system
- Evidence of effects of mild pollution
- Polluted waters (altered system)
- Very polluted waters (very altered system)
- Strongly polluted waters (strongly altered system)
18B, Hydromorphological Parameters
- Greek Habitat Richness Matrix (GHRM)
19River Habitat Survey
- The Hydromorphological Parameters were recording
using the River Habitat Survey field method
(RHS). - RHS systematic collection of data associated
with the physical structure of the watercourses
based on a standard 500m length of a river
channel - 10 spot checks located at an interval of 50m ?
recording the features associated with the
physical structure of the watercourses (channel
and bank morphologies, structures,
modifications). - A sweep up ? report the general habitat of the
channel and the management of adjacent land use.
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21- Data of the RHS are used for calculate the
Habitat Quality Assessment (HQA) and the Habitat
Modification Score (HMS) for each site. -
- HQA give a score indicating the habitat quality
based on the physical features recorded in the
RHS (version 1.2). - HMS provide a score expriming the extent of
artificial modification to the physical structure
of a river (version 1.1). - ? 5 Habitat Modification Categories
22C, Physicochemical Parameters
- Following physicochemical parameters were
measured in situ using a digital multimeter
Temperature, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS),
Dissolved Oxygen (DO2), Conductivity, Salinity,
pH, Cl-, NO3-, NH4, NH3-, Turbidity and
Chlorophyll - PO4-, BOD5 and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) were
analysed in the laboratory - Relative abundance of each category of substrate
(boulders, cobbles, pebbles, gravel, sand, silt)
was estimated visually. - Water velocity was measured at the sampling
stations using a flow meter. Discharge was
calculated using measurement of velocity and
depth at each tenth of the width of the river.
23D, Statistical Analyses
- Can be used to generate hypotheses about the
causality of distribution of taxa. - Can identify present discontinuities within
the biological communities which can be related
to environmental changes. - Can be carried out on presence-absence data or
quantitative data. - Results, usually single figure, is a
preferantial way to present data.
24- Primer Simper (Field et al., 1982)
- Produces a similarity dendrogram of sampling
stations based on the presence absence and the
abundance of benthic macroinvertebrate taxa. - Measures the similarity of stations and groups
of stations, using the Bray-Curtis similarity
index. - Then by SIMPER analysis it may be explained
which families of macroinvertebrates contribute
to the similarity or dissimilarity between groups.
25- Fuzzy (Equihua, 1990)
- Was performed in order to obtain ordination
and classification of the sites. - Produces clusters according to the assemblages
of benthic macroinvertebrates in each site,
according to the membership value. - The numbers of Fuzzy clusters are selected
according to the higher partition coefficient. - Does not assume the existence of discrete
benthic populations along the various stretches
of a river system. - Identifies the continuum and gradual change of
the sites faunal composition. Therefore it is
suitable for the description of ecological
communities.
26- Canoco (Ter Braak, 1988)
- Analysing the relationships between the
macroinvertebrate lowest taxonomic level, the
sampling sites and the physicochemical parameters
- Is performed to detect covariances between
environmental/external variables and respective
biological components. - Particularly suited for a forward selection of
environmental variables in order to determine
which variables have the greatest influence on
the species community.
27Contents
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Study Area
- 3. Methods and Materials
- 4. Discussion of Results
- 5. Conclusion
284. Discussion of Results
- A, Hydromorphological Parameters
- B, Physicochemical Parameters
- C, Biological Parameters
- D, Statistical Analyses
29A, Hydromorphological Parameter
RHS Galliko (close Nea Filadelphia) HQA score
36 HMS score 30 significantly
modified
Valley Shape
Asymmetrical floodplain
Channel
substrate flow vegetation types modifications
Gravel/pebbles sand Ripples 4 No
Banks
material feature top face land
use modifications
Left
Right
Gravel/Sand Vegetation point bars simple complex R
ough pasture embankment
Earth Gravel/Sand Eroding cliff uniform complex
Tall herbs / rough pasture reinforced
30Gallikos (close Nea Filadelphia)
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32B, Physicochemical Parameters
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39C, Biological Parameters
40 41 42The Hellenic Evaluation Score
43COMPARATION OF TWO BIOTIC SCORE
44D, Statistical Analyses
- Primer
- Simper
- Fuzzy
- Canoco
45Primer
- Similarity
- AB7, G01, G02 G03 (Gammaridae,Baetidae)
- -A067, A054, A034 A021 (Miscidaceae,Chironomidae
) - - A006 close to the sea
46Fuzzy
- Similarity
- G01, G02 G03 (Gammaridae,Baetidae,
Chironomidae) - -A067, A054, A034 A021 (Miscidaceae,Chironomidae
) - A006 close to the sea
- AB7 tributary
47Canoco
48Contents
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Study Area
- 3. Methods and Materials
- 4. Discussion of Results
- 5. Conclusion
49After this Case Study
- we can not make a reliable statement about the
water quality of the River Gallikos according to
the WFD - No monitoring of all recommended biological
parameters - Only once, not following the recommended
monitoring frequencies - No monitoring of the whole managment unit
- but it was enough for
- getting an overview about how the monitoring is
carried out - understanding the correlation between the
different parameters - getting to know the main principles and methods
of the WFD - experiencing and working in an international
team
50References
All course documents on Blackboard http//edu.bio.
auth.gr/wq Environment Agency (1997) River
Habitat Survey 1997 Field Survey Guidance
Manual, Incorporating Sercon. Equihua, M.
(1990). FUZZY clustering of ecological data. J.
Ecol. 78. pp. 519-534 Lazaridou-Dimitriadou, M.
et al. (2004) Assessment of the Water and habitat
Quality of a Mediterranean River (Kalamas,
Epirus, Hellas), in Accordance with the EU Water
Frame Work Directive. Acta hydrocim. Hydrobiol.
32, 3, p. 175-188
51Thanks to
Maria Yorgos Konstantinos Giannis And all the
team of the Biology laboratory at Aristoteles
University, Thessaloniki
52And for your attention!!