How does ICSI help in infertility?

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How does ICSI help in infertility?
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• Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is an
  advanced in vitro fertilization (IVF) technique
  that involves injecting a single sperm directly
  into the cytoplasm of a human egg.
• The procedure is designed to help couples facing
  severe male infertility or couples who have been
  unable to conceive after previous in vitro
  fertilization attempts.
• ICSI retrieves as many eggs as possible, however,
  the developed eggs are only injected with sperm.
• On average, 75 to 80 percent of eggs can be
  collected.

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Male fertility

• Infertility affects men and women equally.
• If a couple is unable to conceive even after a
  year of unprotected intercourse they might be
  suffering from infertility.
• Male infertility can be caused by one of the
  following reasons
• Low sperm count or poor sperm quality, preventing
  it from penetrating or fertilizing an egg.
• Men who have had an epididymal or testicular
  biopsy to try to conceive.
• Any physical abnormality in the male reproductive
  tract that prevents him from producing sperm or
  ejaculating.

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• Such problems can be solved using advanced and
  specialized technologies like intracytoplasmic
  sperm injection (ICSI), in vitro fertilization
  (IVF), and other procedures.
• This procedure has a high success rate.
• Must read Precautions to Take During ICSI
  Treatment

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Where ICSI may be recommended?

• ICSI is usually recommended in cases of male
  factor infertility where fertilization is
  extremely difficult.
• ICSI is used in the following cases of male
  infertility
• Oligospermia (very low sperm count).
• Asthenozoospermia refers to the lack of sperm
  motility or motility.
• Teratozoospermia is an abnormally shaped sperm.

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• Poor sperm quality, also known as azoospermia,
  occurs when the sperm cannot penetrate the egg.
  Azoospermia is classified into two types
• Obstructive and non-obstructive. Obstructive
  azoospermia can result from congenital absence of
  the vas, previous sterilization, or trauma from a
  previous infection.
• Sperm is extracted by TESE, or testicular sperm
  extraction when a man is unable to ejaculate but
  is producing sperm.
• Retrograde ejaculation is the removal of sperm
  from a man's urine.

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Other reasons for using ICSI include

• Using frozen sperm that do not appear active.
• PGD ??(Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis) has
  been used in previous IVF cycles where the egg
  count was high and the sperm were healthy but the
  eggs did not fertilize.
• When using frozen oocytes, the eggshell may
  harden In such cases, ICSI is recommended.
• When IVM (In Vitro Maturation) is used to
  retrieve eggs before they mature, ICSI will be
  effective.

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ICSI success rate in male infertility

• Fertilization rates at the IVF laboratory, which
  are currently 80 to 85 percent, can be used to
  predict the success rate of ICSI.
• Couples with male factor infertility who used
  ICSI achieved a 70 to 80 fertilization rate for
  all eggs injected, similar to fertilization with
  normal sperm.
• In couples without male factor infertility,
  pregnancy rates achieved through ICSI are
  comparable to those achieved through IVF.

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Risks of ICSI Infertility Treatment

• There are numerous risks associated with ICSI.
• The risk of major birth defects in normal
  pregnancies is 1.5 to 3, while the rate of birth
  defects in ICSI is slightly higher, which is
  still very rare.
• According to the majority of studies, babies born
  through artificial insemination can have
  imprinting defects.
• Imprinting occurs when the behavior of certain
  genes in a child depends on whether it was
  inherited from the father or the mother.
• Some researchers believe that this type of
  zygotic manipulation is similar to natural
  conception.
• Must read ICSI Treatment and Precautions

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Conclusion

• Although some doctors believe that ICSI causes
  birth defects, this may also be due to the
  inherent risk of malformations in the parents
  undergoing the procedure.
• If a person wants to undergo ICSI, should consult
  a fertility doctor, who will advise the couple
  about the risks and complications associated with
  the procedure.