GASTRO INTESTINAL TRACK (GIT) AGENTS

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PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY- I
Presented by. Mr. Maroti M. Jeurkar Lecturer,
YBCP, chandrapur
GASTRO INTESTINAL TRACK (GIT) AGENTS
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GASTROINTESTINAL AGENT Gastrointestinal agents
are the drugs which are used in treatment of
gastrointestinal disorders like hypoclorhydria,
achlorhydria, hyperacidity, constipation and
diarrhoea.
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Ideal properties of antacid 1. Antacid should
not be absorbable or cause systemic alkalosis. 2.
Antacid should not liberate carbon dioxide and
cause rebound hyperacidity. 3. Antacid should not
interfere with absorption of food. 4. Antacid
should not be a laxative or cause
constipation. 5. It should possibly inhibit
enzyme pepsin. 6. Antacid should be quick acting
and exert its effect over a long period of
time. 7. Antacid should be inexpensive and
palatable
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• CLASSIFICATION OF GIT AGENT
• 1.Acidifying agent Dilute Hydrochloric Acid
• 2.Antacid Aluminum Hydroxide, Aluminum
  Phosphate, Basic aluminum carbonate, Magnesium
  carbonate, Magnesium oxide, Magnesium hydroxide,
  Magnesium trisilicate, Calcium carbonate, Calcium
  Phosphate, Sodium bi-carbonate etc.
• 3.Protective and Adsorbent Bismuth Sub
  carbonate, Bismuth sub nitrate, Kaolin, Milk of
  bismuth
• 4.Cathartics They are further classified as
• Stimulant ii) Bulk purgative
• Lubricants iii)Saline cathartics
• E.g. castor oil, Methyl cellulose, liquid
  paraffin, mineral oil, Senna, magnesium sulphate,
  isabgol, etc.

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Kaolin (AlO3.2SiO2.2H2O Mol.wt 258 Properties
of kaolin. 1. It occurs as finely divided, white
powder, free from grittiness 2. It is odorless,
tasteless powder 3. It is insoluble in water,
mineral acid and alkali Uses of Kaolin 1.
Adsorbent in enteritis 2. Treatment of Colitis,
dysentery 3. Treatment of Diarrhea 4. External
dusting powder 5. Drying agent for moist sores
infective ulcers 6. Clarifying agent
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• Bismuth Subcarbonate (BiO)2.CO32.H2O
• Synonym Basic bismuth carbonate. Mol.wt
  518.98
• Properties
• 1. It occurs as white or pale yellow powder,
• 2. It is odorless, tasteless powder
• 3. It is insoluble in water and alcohol and
  soluble in HCl and HNO3
• Uses of Protective
• Treatment of Ulcer
• Treatment of Diarrhea
• 4. Antiseptic
• 5. Astringent
• 6. Clarifying agent

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• Magnesium trisilicate 2MgO.3SiO2.3H2O
• Mol.wt 260.86
• Properties 1. It occurs as white fine powder,
• 2. It is odourless, tasteless powder
• 3. It is insoluble in water and alcohol and
  soluble in HCl and HNO3
• 4. Slightly hygroscopic
• Stored in air tight container
• Uses
• Protective and adsorbent
• Treatment of Ulcer
• laxative
• 4. Antacid

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• Sodium Bicarbonate NaHCO3
• Synonyms- Baking soda, Mitha soda Mol.wt
  84.01
• Properties
• 1. It occurs as white crysteline powder,
• 2. It is odourless, saline in taste
• 3. It is freely soluble in water and insoluble in
  alcohol
• 4. It rapidly absorb moisture
• Stored in well closed container
• Uses
• Electrolyte replenished
• Treatment of systemic acidosis
• 3.5 solution in warm water is used as eye lotion
• 4. Sodium bicarbonate teblet
• 5. Antacid

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Aluminium Hydroxide gel- Al(OH)3 Properties- It
is a white, viscous suspension, from which small
amounts of clear liquid may separate on standing.
Uses. It is non-systemic or non-absorbable
antacid. It shows antacid activity not by
neutralization but by physical absorption of acid
molecules. Externally it is used as mild
astringent. Used in the treatment of diarrhea
cholera.
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• Thank You