Title: What is Coccydynia?
1 Contact Information
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2What is Coccydynia?
Introduction- Coccydynia is the term used to
refer to the pain in the lower back region in the
tail bone which is also called coccyx bone. The
coccyx bone is the last part of the vertebral
column also called the tailbone. This bone
provides insertion sites for multiple muscles,
ligaments, and tendons and also provides
weight-bearing support to a person in a seated
position.
It is observed that the condition may affect
individuals at any age but is more commonly
observed in adolescence and adults people. Women
are more likely to develop coccydynia compare to
men.
Causes- The main cause of this defect is due to
external or internal trauma. External trauma is
usually caused due to backward fall, leading to
dislocation or broken coccyx. Non-traumatic
coccydynia can result from several causes which
include hypermobility or hypomobility of the
sacrococcygeal joint, degenerative joints, or
disc disease, coccydynia can often be caused Due
to obesity, and repetitive strains that can be
caused while cycling rowing or any of the
repetitive exercises.
3The Other underlying reasons for the coccydynia
seems in the patients suffering from obesity or
the patient who has prolonged sitting on the
hard, or uncomfortable surface in their daily
routine.
Symptoms- Classic symptoms of coccydynia are
localized pain just above the buttocks, The pain
may be dull or ancy and seems to become worst
with prolonged sitting, prolonged standing, and
also when the patient moves from sitting to a
standing position.
4More symptoms include pain during the bowel
movements, pain during sexual intercourse.
Diagnosis- A physical examination will reveal
tenderness over the coccyx. The rectal
examination allows the coccyx to be grasped
between the four-finger and thumbs. Manipulation
with elicit pain and may reveal hypermobility and
hypomobility of the sacrococcygeal joint.
Radiography images can more accurately diagnose
the presence of fracture, degradative changes, or
masses. Imaging techniques such as Magnetic
resonance imaging, computed tomography, or x-ray
can diagnose this defect more accurately.
5Treatment- The main goal of the coccydynia
treatment is to reduce the pain of the tailbone
by cutting off the pressure on it. There are
multiple conventional treatments available for
coccydynia. This defect can easily be resolved
without medical treatment and in most cases,
simple measures are sufficient to overcome this
defect. Using a wedge-shaped cushion also known
as a coccygeal cushion can reduce the pressure on
the coccyx while the patient is sitting on his
counter. Instructing the patient to adopt proper
sitting posture which will become helpful to
overcome this defect. In some cases, the
application of heat and cold over the pain spot
can also give relief to the patient. If this
convention treatment does not work then we can go
for pelvic floor rehabilitation which is helpful
for coccydynia that is associated with pelvic
floor muscle spasms. Also, manual manipulation
and regular massage can help to reduce associated
muscle spasms or ligament pain.
Surgical procedure for the treatment of
coccydynia is used if there is no other option
and also the other treatment get failed. A
coccygectomy is the surgical amputation of the
coccyx just proximal to the sacrococcygeal
junction, but the method is associated with a
high complication rate and failure in reducing
the pain.
6Conclusion- Coccydynia is a common condition
that is self-limited and mild in the majority of
cases. Conventional techniques such as a change
in sitting position, use of pillow, regular
massage, stretching, and adopting a healthy
lifestyle in a daily routine. Patients can also
take NSAIDs for instant relief from the pain.
Surgical coccygectomy generally is not
recommended due to its low success rate. More
research is needed in this area before its
efficiency can be established.
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