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1
OPS 571 Week 1 Practice 100 Correct (All
Possible Question/Answer) For more course
tutorials visit
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The Tuff Wheels was getting ready to start its
development project for a new product to be
added to their small motorized vehicle line for
children. The new product is called the Kiddy
Dozer. It will look like a miniature bulldozer,
complete with caterpillar tracks and a blade.
Tuff Wheels has forecasted the demand and the
cost to develop and produce the new Kiddy Dozer.
The table below contains the relevant information
for this project.
System integration and validation are an
important step in which variant of the generic
product development process?
2
Operation Management 571 Part 2 Practice week
1 Similarity of projects allows for a
streamlined and highly structured development
process in which variant of the generic product
development process?
Technology-push products
3
Customized products
Complex systems
Quick-build products
Process-intensive products
4
Quality function deployment (QFD)
Is a manufacturing function aimed at lowering
cost by reducing the portion of rejected units.
Fills the house of quality matrix with the
designer's aspirations for the product.
Starts with studying and listening to
customers. Is a place where the quality
assurance function is housed.
Is another term for value engineering.
5
Simplify products and processes
Operation Management 571 Part 2 Practice week
1 What dimension of competitiveness does
time-to-market performance in product design and
process selection affect?
6
Operation Management 571 Part 2 Practice week
1 The most basic categories of cash flow for a
typical new product do not include
Advocates of financial modeling of product design
projects argue that
7
Financial analysis focuses on measurable
quantities only.
Financial analysis brings discipline and control
to the product development process
Sufficiently rigorous financial analysis can
accurately forecast the product's profit
potential.
Financial analysis is as solid as the assumptions
that go into the model. Financial analysis
nurtures innovation and creativity.
8
OPS 571-Week 1 practice questions Match the
following product types to the appropriate
product development description.
Explanation Descriptions of the product
development process for these different types of
products are summarized in Exhibit 3.2 in the
text.
9
2. A process that emphasizes cross-functional
integration and concurrent development of a
product and its associated processes is known as
. (Choose the correct answer to fill in the
blank.)
Explanation Product design engineers and
manufacturing process planners work together in
the process known as concurrent engineering to
ensure that the product is designed in a way that
it can be produced by the firm. Any needed
changes to the processes can be planned for and
put in place when production is scheduled to
begin.
3. Measures of product development success can be
organized in what three categories?
10
Explanation The categories and specific examples
of measurements are provided in Exhibit 3.11 in
the text. 4. Concept development assumes a
proven technology in which variant of the
generic product development process?
5. System integration and validation are an
important step in which variant of the generic
product development process?
6. A reason that firms must develop more new
products than ever is which of the following?
11
Explanation Because the number of new products
has increased while model lives and life cycles
have shrunk, firms must mount more development
projects than previously, and these projects must
use substantially fewer resources per project.
7. Design for manufacturing and assembly delivers
product improvements by emphasizing which of the
following?
Explanation The greatest improvements related to
DFMA arise from simplification of the product by
reducing the number of separate parts.
12
8. Advocates of financial modeling of product
design projects argue that
Explanation Financial modeling and sensitivity
analysis are powerful tools for supporting
product development decisions, but these
techniques have important limitations. Many
argue that rigorous financial analyses are
required to bring discipline and control to the
product development process. Others argue that
financial analysis only focuses on measurable
quantities and that it is often extremely
difficult to predict these values accurately.
9. Sensitivity analysis of the base-case
financial model is a useful tool for which of
the following reasons?
10. Performance measures discussed for
development projects does not include
13
Explanation Seemeasuring product development
performance discussion.
Week 1 Quizzes The first step in developing a
house of quality is to develop a list of .
(Choose the correct answer to fill in the
blank.) Multiple Choice
14
customer requirements for the product Correct
rooms in the house team
members major parts and components of the
product major vendors
15
Explanation The focus of the house of quality
is the customer, so developing a list of the
customers requirements for the product is a
logical first step Show my answersExplanation
Item 2 Item 2 0 of 2 points awarded Item
Scored The Tuff Wheels was getting ready to
start its development project for a new product
to be added to their small motorized vehicle line
for children. The new product is called the
Kiddy Dozer. It will look like a miniature
bulldozer, complete with caterpillar tracks and a
blade. Tuff Wheels has forecasted the demand and
the cost to develop and produce the new Kiddy
Dozer. The table below contains the relevant
information for this project.
16
Tuff Wheels also has provided the project plan
shown below. As can be seen in the project plan,
the company thinks that the product life will be
three years until a new product must be created.
Assume all cash flows occur at the end of each
period.
17
a. What is the net present value (discounted at
8) of this project? Consider all costs and
expected revenues. (Enter your answer in
thousands of dollars. Perform all calculations
using Excel. Do not round any intermediate
calculations. Round your answer to the nearest
thousand.) 8,336
b. What is the impact on NPV for the Kiddy Dozer
if the actual sales are 50,000 per year? 70,000
per year? (Enter your answer in thousands of
dollars. Perform all calculations using Excel. Do
not round any intermediate calculations. Round
your answer to the nearest thousand.) NPV
50,000 6,627 NPV 70,000 10,046
18
c. Based on the original sales level of 60,000,
what is the effect on NPV caused by changing the
discount rate to 9, 10, or 11? (Enter your
answer in thousands of dollars. Perform all
calculations using Excel. Do not round any
intermediate calculations. Round your answer to
the nearest thousand.)
Measures of product development success can be
organized in what three categories? Multiple
Choice Time to market, productivity, and
quality Correct
19
Timeliness, quality, and cost Speed, cost,
and effectiveness Cost, quality, and
speed Efficiency, effectiveness, and value
Explanation The categories and specific
examples of measurements are provided in Exhibit
3.11 in the text.
20
System integration and validation are an
important step in which variant of the generic
product development process? Multiple
Choice Technology-push products Custom
ized products
21
Complex systems Correct Quick-build
products Process-intensive products
Explanation See Exhibit 3.2. Which of the
following is a characteristic of concurrent
engineering?
22
Multiple Choice Integrated
computer-assisted design Using automated
guided vehicles Separate development teams
working at once Correct Having an excellent
forecasting system
23
The design-build-test cycle Explanation Detai
l design of the components is a highly parallel
process, often referred to as concurrent
engineering, with many separate development
teams working at once.
Quality function deployment (QFD) Multiple
Choice Is a manufacturing function aimed at
lowering cost by reducing the portion of
rejected units.
24
Fills the house of quality matrix with the
designer's aspirations for the
product. Starts with studying and listening
to customers. Correct Is a place where the
quality assurance function is housed. Is
another term for value engineering.
25
Explanation The QFD process starts with
studying and listening to customers to determine
the characteristics of a superior product. The
purpose of value analysis/value engineering
(VA/VE) is to Multiple Choice Simplify
products and processes Correct
Explanation
26
The purpose of value analysis/value engineering
(VA/VE) is to simplify products and
processes. Economic analysis of product
development projects is useful in which of the
following circumstances? Multiple
Choice Factory location Distribution
decisions Go/no-go milestones
27
Correct Demand estimation
Pricing Explanation Economic analysis is
useful in at least two different circumstances
1.
Go/no-go milestones.
2.
Operational design and development decisions.
28
The most basic categories of cash flow for a
typical new product do not include Multiple
Choice
Explanation The most basic categories of cash
flow for a typical new-product- development
project are
29
What dimension of competitiveness does quality in
product design affect? Multiple
Choice Engineering hours per project
30
The cost of ongoing service Correct Respon
siveness to customer needs Aesthetics of
design None of these Explanation SeeMeasurin
g product development performance discussion..
31
WEEK 1 EXAM RESULTS/ most answers In the
generic product development process, phase 2
(system-level design) begins with corporate
strategy and incorporates market
objectives. False
Concept development is one of the typical phases
of product development. True
32
Most purchasers of electronic products cannot
fully operate them and use only a small number
of the available features True Economic
analysis of product development projects must
evaluate which of the following? Multiple
Choice Planned profitability of the
product Expected market share to be
attained Net present value of profits
33
Timing and amount of net cash flow
Correct Demand elasticity of the product
Which of the following is not an example of
technology push product? Multiple
Choice Gore-tex
34
Artificial vein plant seeds
Correct I-phone 7 Go-pro Camera
35
Which of the following is not a typical phases of
product development? Multiple
Choice Concept development
Planning System-level design early
market feedback
36
Correct Production/ramp-up
Consumer electronics is an example of a product
developed in which variant of the generic
product development process? Multiple
Choice Technology-push products
37
Customized products Platform
products Quick-build products
Incorrect Process-intensive products
38
Because ecodesigned products are innovative and
have better environmental performance, they can
be of a slightly lesser quality than the market
standard. False
Performance measures discussed for development
projects does not include Multiple Choice
39
Frequency of new product introductions
Yield Percentage sales coming from very old
products Correct Cost of materials and
tooling conformance - reliability in use
40
Specialized design firms tend to have highly
developed processes that support the needs of
particular industries. True Quality function
deployment involves listening to customers to
determine the characteristics of a superior
product. True One of the major benefits of
DFMA is that products are designed that
customers will want. False A key decision
point in the generic development process during
"Phase 1 Concept Development" is project
approval. False
41
Sensitivity analysis of the base-case financial
model is a useful tool for which of the
following reasons? Multiple Choice To
determine how long the development process can
profitably last To understand how many
technical people are needed to make the project
a success To help understand the basic
trade-offs of resources committed and cash
received
42
Correct To identify the necessary product
launch date To set marketing and sales
budgets
Incorporation of environmental considerations in
the design and development of products or
services is called ecodesign. True A key tool
of a quality function deployment team is the
house of quality matrix. True
43
A key decision point in the generic development
process during "Phase 4 Testing and Refinement"
is concept approval. False DFMA stands for
design for manufacturing and assembly. True The
generic development process outlined in the
textbook is followed by many, if not most, of
the firms in the Fortune 500. False
Similarity of projects allows for a streamlined
and highly structured development process in
which variant of the generic product development
process? Multiple Choice
44
Technology-push products Customized
products Correct Complex
systems Quick-build products
45
Process-intensive products
A competency is not core if it is easy for
competitors to imitate. True
What dimension of competitiveness does quality in
product design affect? Multiple Choice
46
Engineering hours per project The cost of
ongoing service Responsiveness to customer
needs Aesthetics of design
Incorrect None of these
47
The purpose of value analysis/value engineering
(VA/VE) is to Multiple Choice
A reason that firms must develop more new
products than ever is which of the
following? Multiple Choice patents and
trade names
48
Core competencies are those things that everyone
in the firm must be able to do well. False
OPS 571-Week 1 practice questions Match the
following product types to the appropriate
product development description.
Explanation
49
Descriptions of the product development process
for these different types of products are
summarized in Exhibit 3.2 in the text.
2. A process that emphasizes cross-functional
integration and concurrent development of a
product and its associated processes is known as
. (Choose the correct answer to fill in the
blank.)
Explanation Product design engineers and
manufacturing process planners work together in
the process known as concurrent engineering to
ensure that the product is designed in a way that
it can be produced by the firm. Any needed
changes to the processes can be planned for and
put in place when production is scheduled to
begin.
3. Measures of product development success can be
organized in what three categories?
50
Explanation The categories and specific examples
of measurements are provided in Exhibit 3.11 in
the text. 4. Concept development assumes a
proven technology in which variant of the
generic product development process?
5. System integration and validation are an
important step in which variant of the generic
product development process?
51
6. A reason that firms must develop more new
products than ever is which of the following?
Explanation Because the number of new products
has increased while model lives and life cycles
have shrunk, firms must mount more development
projects than previously, and these projects must
use substantially fewer resources per project.
52
7. Design for manufacturing and assembly delivers
product improvements by emphasizing which of the
following? nt Explanation The greatest
improvements related to DFMA arise from
simplification of the product by reducing the
number of separate parts.
8. Advocates of financial modeling of product
design projects argue that
Explanation Financial modeling and sensitivity
analysis are powerful tools for supporting
product development decisions, but these
techniques have important limitations. Many
argue that rigorous financial analyses are
required to bring discipline and control to the
product development process. Others argue that
financial analysis only focuses on measurable
quantities and that it is often extremely
difficult to predict these values accurately.
53
9. Sensitivity analysis of the base-case
financial model is a useful tool for which of
the following reasons?
Explanation Sensitivity analysis uses the
financial model to answer "what if" questions by
calculating the change in NPV corresponding to a
change in the factors included in the model.
10. Performance measures discussed for
development projects does not include ...........
..................................................
..................................................
...... .........................................
OPS 571T Apply Week 1 Exam Assignment 100
Correct (All Possible Question/Answer) For more
course tutorials visit
www.tutorialrank.com
54
1. Concept development is one of the typical
phases of product development. True
2. Ecodesign replaces one or more of the other
requirements considered in the design process.
3. Sensitivity analysis of the base-case
financial model is a useful tool for which of
the following reasons?
55
Multiple Choice
4.
The aim of quality function deployment (QFD) is
5. The most basic categories of cash flow for a
typical new product do not include
56
6. What dimension of competitiveness does
time-to-market performance in product design and
process selection affect?
7. Early prototypes of a new product, using the
same geometry and material processes as the
production versions, are usually constructed
during the concept development phase of the
product development process.
8. A key decision point in the generic
development process during "Phase 1 Concept
Development" is project approval.
57
9. Economic analysis of product development
projects must evaluate which of the following?
10. Similarity of projects allows for a
streamlined and highly structured development
process in which variant of the generic product
development process?
11. A reason that firms must develop more new
products than ever is which of the following?
58
12. Which of the following is not a typical
phases of product development?
Production/ramp-up 13. A key tool of a
quality function deployment team is the house of
quality matrix.
14. Performance measures discussed for
development projects does not include
59
15. Concept development assumes a proven
technology in which variant of the generic
product development process?
16. Quality function deployment involves
listening to customers to determine the
characteristics of a superior product. True
17. Which of the following is a time-to-market
performance measure used in judging product
development performance? Multiple Choice
60
Value analysis
18. Incorporation of environmental considerations
in the design and development of products or
services is called ecodesign. True
19. Quality function deployment (QFD)
Is another term for value engineering
61
20. The generic development process outlined in
the textbook is followed by many, if not most,
of the firms in the Fortune 500. False
21. Which of the following is primarily used to
help design products that will connect product
attributes with customer desires?
22. Economic analysis of product development
projects is useful in which of the following
circumstances?
62
23. Which of the following is not a typical
phases of product development?
24. Most purchasers of electronic products cannot
fully operate them and use only a small number
of the available features. True
25. Which of the following is not an example of
technology push product?
63
Which of the following is primarily used to help
design products that will connect product
attributes with customer desires? Phase 0
Planning House of quality matrix Value
analysis/value engineering Concurrent
engineering System-level design
A key decision point in the generic development
process during "Phase 1 Concept Development" is
project approval. True
64
False
Quality function deployment is an engineering
analysis whose purpose is to simplify products
and processes.
A contract manufacturer is an organization
capable of manufacturing and/or purchasing all
of the components needed to produce a finished
product or device.
Similarity of projects allows for a streamlined
and highly structured development process in
which variant of the generic product development
process?
65
In the generic product development process,
collecting customer needs is accomplished during
phase 0 (planning). True False
Because ecodesigned products are innovative and
have better environmental performance, they can
be of a slightly lesser quality than the market
standard. True False
66
System integration and validation are an
important step in which variant of the generic
product development process?
Which of the following is a time-to-market
performance measure used in judging product
development performance?
Concept development is one of the typical phases
of product development.
67
True False
A competency is not core if it is easy for
competitors to imitate. True False
Incorporation of environmental considerations in
the design and development of products or
services is called ecodesign. True
68
False
Which of the following is not a typical phases of
product development?
Quality function deployment (QFD)
A key decision point in the generic development
process during "Phase 4 Testing and Refinement"
is concept approval. True
69
False
In the generic product development process, phase
2 (system-level design) begins with corporate
strategy and incorporates market
objectives. True False
A reason that firms must develop more new
products than ever is which of the following?
One of the methodologies that can aid in
designing a new product for customers is a house
of quality matrix.
70
True False
Design for manufacturing and assembly delivers
product improvements by emphasizing which of the
following?
Which of the following is not a typical phases of
product development?
Which of the following is a characteristic of
concurrent engineering?
71
Core competencies are those things that everyone
in the firm must be able to do well. True False
Which of the following is not an example of
technology push product? Gore-tex
Performance measures discussed for development
projects does not include
72
Frequency of new product introductions Yield Per
centage sales coming from very old products Cost
of materials and tooling conformance -
reliability in use
Operation Management 571 week 1 exam
73
One of the methodologies that can aid in
designing a new product for customers is a house
of quality matrix
True
False
In the generic product development process, phase
2 (system-level design) begins with corporate
strategy and incorporates market objectives
True
False
74
Value analysis/value engineering has as its
objective to increase product quality and reduce
costs.
True
false
Which of the following is not a typical phases of
product development?
Concept development
Planning
75
System-level design
Early market feedback
Production/ramp up
Concept development assumes a proven technology
in which variant of the generic product
development process?
Technology-push products
76
Quick-build products
Complex systems
Platform products
Process-intensive products
The "house of quality" matrix is a technique that
relates customer requirements to concrete
operating or engineering goals.
77
True
false
The conclusion of the product development process
is when the product is withdrawn from the market.
True
false
Economic analysis of product development projects
is useful in which of the following
circumstances? Factory location Distribution
decisions Go/no-go milestones Demand estimation
Pricing
78
Specialized design firms tend to have highly
developed processes that support the needs of
particular industries
True
false
Which of the following is not an example of
technology push product? Gore-tex Artificial
vein Plant seeds i-phone 7 go-pro camera A
contract manufacturer is an organization capable
of manufacturing and/or purchasing all of the
components needed to produce a finished product
or device.
79
True
false
A key tool of a quality function deployment team
is the house of quality matrix.
True
false
A reason that firms must develop more new
products than ever is which of the following?
Product life cycles are shorter
80
Commitments to joint venture partners
They are replacing old customers with new ones
To amortize heavy investments in development labs
The increased difficulty of defending patents and
trade names
Designing a new product for aesthetics and for
the user is generally termed industrial design.
81
True
false
Incorporation of environmental considerations in
the design and development of products or
services is called ecodesign.
True
false
The most basic categories of cash flow for a
typical new product do not include Depreciatio
n
82
Ramp-up cost
Development cost
Sale revenue
Marketing cost
In a concurrent engineering approach to product
design and development, an integration team
ensures that various parts of the product are
compatible with the needs of the target customer.
83
True
false
Ecodesign replaces one or more of the other
requirements considered in the design process.
True
false
Consumer electronics is an example of a product
developed in which variant of the generic
product development process?
84
Target customers are specified during "Phase 0
Planning" of the generic product development
process.
True
false
Which of the following is a characteristic of
concurrent engineering?
The design-build-test cycle
85
Most purchasers of electronic products cannot
fully operate them and use only a small number
of the available features.
True
false
Quality function deployment (QFD)
Is a manufacturing function aimed at lowering
cost by reducing the portion of rejected units.
86
The generic development process outlined in the
textbook is followed by many, if not most, of
the firms in the Fortune 500.
Sensitivity analysis of the base-case financial
model is a useful tool for which of the
following reasons? .............................
..................................................
...................................... ...........
.............................. OPS 571T Apply
Week 2 Exam Assignment 100 Correct (All
Possible Question/Answer) For more course
tutorials visit
www.tutorialrank.com
Utilization of a production process is the ratio
of output to input
87
Benchmarking refers to the practice of comparing
the production metrics of one firm with the
production metrics of another.
One of the tools common to all quality efforts is
leadership.
Which of the following is the cost of quality
classification for costs such as inspection,
testing, and other tasks to ensure that the
product or process is acceptable?
While business organizations can seek to achieve
the Baldrige National Quality Award,
universities cannot.
The philosophical leaders of the quality
movement, Philip Crosby, W. Edwards Deming, and
Joseph M. Juran, had the same general message
about what it took to achieve outstanding
quality. Which of the following was part of that
message?
88
Make-to-order production processes are well
suited for high-volume production of a
standardized product.
Conformance quality is a strategic decision for a
firm.
Setup time is the time required to prepare a
process to produce a particular item.
A fishbone diagram as part of a Six-Sigma quality
improvement process might be found in which
DMAIC category?
Process analysis can help answer many important
questions such as why change in a process is
necessary.
Process analysis can help answer many important
questions such as how many customers can a
process handle per hour.
89
The dimension of design quality that concerns the
consistency of performance over time or the
probability of failing is which of the following?
Productivity in a production process can be
measured by the ratio of output to input.
Consider a business that can be run using a
make-to-stock or make-to- order process. Further
suppose that your demand is 10000 per monthand
is spread out during the month. Capacity of both
processes is 15000per month. Based only on this
information, what would be the best choice?
An analytical tool used in Six-Sigma quality
improvement programs is which of the following?
A process flowchart uses which of the following
symbols to represent a decision point in a flow
diagram?
90
The philosophical leaders of the quality
movement, Philip Crosby, W. Edwards Deming, and
Joseph M. Juran, had the same general message
about what it took to achieve outstanding
quality. Which of the following was not part of
that message?
Inventory turn is a better measure than the total
value of inventory for comparative purposes
because it is a relative measure.
The dimension of design quality that concerns the
sensory characteristics of the product is which
of the following?
Cycle time is the ratio of the time that a
resource is actually activated relative to the
time that it is available for use.
DPMO refers to
91
Methods Time Management (MTM) and Most Work
Measurement System (MOST) are proprietary
examples of predetermined motion-time data
systems (PMTSs).
Design quality refers to the inherent value of
the product in the marketplace.
Efficiency of a production process is the ratio
of the actual output of a process to some
standard.
Hybrid processes combine features of
make-to-order and make-to-stock production
processes.
Benchmarking refers to the practice of comparing
the production metrics of one firm with the
production metrics of another.
A rectangle is conventionally used in a process
flowchart to represent a task or operation.
92
An opportunity flow diagram is a time-sequenced
chart showing plotted values measuring the flow
of end product or components.
If you want to reduce process flow time, it has
been suggested that you can perform activities
in the process in parallel.
Which of the following production process terms
best describes the situation when activities in
a stage of production must stop because there is
no work?
Little's law says there is a long-term
relationship among the inventory, throughput,
and flow time of a production system in steady
state.
One of the tools common to all quality efforts is
leadership.
Process analysis can help answer many important
questions such as why change in a process is
necessary.
93
A bottleneck occurs when a stage in a production
process is starving.
An advantage of a make-to-stock process is which
of the following?
In 1997, the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality
Improvement Act established the U.S. annual
award for total quality management.
A fishbone diagram as part of a Six-Sigma quality
improvement process might be found in which
DMAIC category?
Which of the following terms describes the time a
unit spends actually being worked on together
with the time spent waiting in a queue?
The Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award
represents the U.S. government's endorsement of
quality as an essential part of successful
business strategy.
94
An operational goal of total quality management
is the careful design of the product or service.
Design quality refers to the inherent value of
the product in the marketplace.
McDonald's fast-food restaurants use a
make-to-order production process.
The dimension of design quality that concerns the
sensory characteristics of the product is which
of the following?
Design of experiments (DOE) refers to work done
before production of early model prototypes of a
new product.
95
Utilization of a production process is the ratio
of output to input.
A cost of quality classification is which of the
following?
It is generally believed that the correct cost
for a well-run quality management program should
be under 2.5 percent of sales.
A process flowchart uses which of the following
symbols to represent tasks or operations in a
flow diagram?
Setup time is the time required to prepare a
process to produce a particular item.

1. Pacing in production processes refers to the
   fixed timing of the movement of items through
   the process.
2. One of the definitions for the cost of quality is
   that it represents the costs attributable to the
   production of quality that is not 100 percent
   perfect.

96

1. Process analysis can help answer many important
   questions such as how many customers can a
   process handle per hour.
2. ISO 9000 is primarily concerned with
   environmental management.
3. TQM is an acronym meaning "total quality
   measurement."
4. When we use a make-to-stock production process,
   we control our production based on a desired
   amount of finished goods inventory.
5. Which of the following is a dimension of design
   quality?
6. The dimension of design quality that concerns the
   sensory characteristics of the product is which
   of the following?
7. Productivity in a production process can be
   measured by the ratio of output to input.

97

1. The Malcolm Baldrige Award selection process
   helps improve quality and productivity by which
   of the following means?
2. Which of the following are basic assumptions that
   justify an analysis of the costs of quality?
3. The term "conformance quality" refers to the
   relative level of performance of a product as
   compared to competing products. For instance,
   certain luxury sedans are said to be of "higher
   quality" than some low-priced sub-compact
   automobiles.
4. Efficiency of a production process is the ratio
   of the actual output of a process to some
   standard.

1. The International Organization for
   Standardization (ISO) is a specialized
   international agency recognized by affiliates in
   more than 160 countries.
2. A "process" is any part of an organization that
   takes inputs and transforms them into outputs
   that, hopefully, are of greater value to the
   organization than the original inputs.

98

1. Cause and effect diagram(choose the most
   inclusive answer.)
2. Which of the following are eligible companies to
   be considered for the Baldrige award?
3. Consider a three sequentially stepped process
   named as Process A, Process B and Process C.
   Input comes into Process A. Output form A goes
   into Process B. Output from B goes into Process
   C. Output of C is the final output. Suppose that
   it takes 2 minutes per unit in Process A, 3
   minutes per unit in Process B and 1 minute per
   unit in Process C. What will be maximum steady
   state output from this system?
4. A quality guru named Joseph M. Juran defined
   quality as fitness for use.
5. Which of the following is the cost of quality
   classification for costs such as defects that
   pass through the system (e.g., customer warranty
   replacements, loss of customer or goodwill,
   handling complaints, and product repair)?
6. A flowchart as part of a Six-Sigma quality
   improvement process might be found in which
   DMAIC category?
7. Run time is calculated by multiplying the number
   of units in a batch by the setup time.

99

1. An operational goal of total quality management
   is ensuring that the organization's systems can
   consistently produce the product or service as
   it is designed.
2. The Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award is
   given to organizations that have done which of
   the following?

1.Design quality in products refers to the degree
to which product or service design
specifications are met.
2.Which of the following is the cost of quality
classification for costs such as scrap, rework,
or repair?
3.Cycle time is the ratio of the time that a
resource is actually activated relative to the
time that it is available for use.
100
4.While small business organizations can seek to
achieve the Baldrige National Quality Award,
hospitals cannot.
5.Process analysis can help answer many important
questions such as how many customers can a
process handle per hour.
6.Which of the following is a dimension of design
quality?
7.Job design is defined as the function of
specifying the work activities of an individual
or group in an organizational setting.
8.Process analysis can help answer many important
questions such as why change in a process is
necessary.
101
9.A cost of quality classification is which of
the following?
10.Little's law says there is a long-term
relationship among the inventory, throughput,
and flow time of a production system in steady
state.
11.A process that is in Six-Sigma control will
produce no more than two defects out of every
million units.
12.A quality guru named Joseph M. Juran defined
quality as fitness for use.
102
13.TQM is an acronym meaning "total quality
measurement."
14.Design of experiments (DOE) refers to work
done before production of early model prototypes
of a new product.
15.Hybrid processes combine features of
make-to-order and make-to- stock production
processes.
16.Efficiency of a production process is the
ratio of the actual output of a process to some
standard.
17.Which of the following is an analytical tool
used in Six-Sigma quality improvement programs?
103
18.It is generally believed that the correct cost
for a well-run quality management program should
be under 2.5 percent of sales.
19.Which of the following is not an analytical
tool used in Six-Sigma quality improvement
programs?
20.Failure mode and effect analysis is used in
Six-Sigma projects. It involves which of the
following?
21.The dimension of design quality that concerns
the consistency of performance over time or the
probability of failing is which of the following?
104
22.A process flowchart uses which of the
following symbols to represent flows of material
or customers in a flow diagram?
23.A process flowchart uses which of the
following symbols to represent tasks or
operations in a flow diagram?
24.The philosophical leaders of the quality
movement, Philip Crosby, W. Edwards Deming, and
Joseph M. Juran, had the same general message
about what it took to achieve outstanding
quality. Which of the following was part of that
message?
25. Design of experiments is a statistical
methodology often used in Six- Sigma projects.
It aims to accomplish which of the following?
105
1.Fundamental to any quality program is the
determination of quality specifications and the
costs of achieving (or not achieving) those
specifications.
2.An opportunity flow diagram is used to separate
the value-added from the non-value-added steps
in a process.
3.Consider a three sequentially stepped process
named as Process A, Process B and Process C.
Input comes into Process A. Output form A goes
into Process B. Output from B goes into Process
C. Output of C is the final output. Suppose that
it takes 2 minutes per unit in Process A, 3
minutes per unit in Process B and 1 minute per
unit in Process C. Suppose further that Process
A receives input at the rate of 30 per hour.
Which process will be experiencing starving?
4.A bottleneck occurs when a stage in a
production process is starving.
106
5.Process analysis can help answer many important
questions such as how many customers can a
process handle per hou
6.An opportunity flow diagram as part of a
Six-Sigma quality improvement process might be
found in which DMAIC category?
7.Which of the following production process terms
best describes the situation when activities in
a stage of production must stop because there is
no work?
8.A process flowchart uses which of the following
symbols to represent a decision point in a flow
diagram?
107
9.If you want to reduce process flow time, it has
been suggested that you can perform activities
in the process in parallel.
10.Which of the following are basic assumptions
that justify an analysis of the costs of quality?
11.The term "conformance quality" refers to the
relative level of performance of a product as
compared to competing products. For instance,
certain luxury sedans are said to be of "higher
quality" than some low-priced sub-compact
automobiles.
12.A quality guru named Joseph M. Juran is well
known for his program structured around "14
points" for management.
108
13.Design of experiments (DOE) is sometimes
referred to as multivariate testing.
14.The Malcolm Baldrige Award selection process
helps improve quality and productivity by which
of the following means?
15.The dimension of design quality that concerns
the sensory characteristics of the product is
which of the following?
16.Applicants for the Baldrige Award for total
quality management must submit an application of
up to 50 pages that details the processes and
results of their activities under seven major
categories. Which of the following is one of
those categories?
109
17.An operational goal of total quality
management is ensuring that the organization's
systems will never produce a defective product or
service.
18.To reduce process throughput time, you might
try which of the following actions?
19.Which of the following are eligible companies
to be considered for the Baldrige award?
20.An operational goal of total quality
management is the careful design of the product
or service.
21.Which of the following is the cost of quality
classification for costs such as inspection,
testing, and other tasks to ensure that the
product or process is acceptable?
110
22.Which of the following are not eligible to be
considered for the Baldrige Award?
23.All except one of the following is an
analytical tool for six sigma.
24.Throughput rate of a production process is the
amount of time a unit spends actually being
worked on.
25.While business organizations can seek to
achieve the Baldrige National Quality Award,
universities cannot.
111
1.One tool used in total quality management is
the run chart?
2.Utilization of a production process is the
ratio of output to input?
3.ISO 14000 is primarily concerned with
environmental management.
4.Which of the following is not an analytical
tool used in Six-Sigma quality improvement
programs?
5.Run time is calculated by multiplying the
number of units in a batch by the setup time.
112
6.Design of experiments is a statistical
methodology often used in Six- Sigma projects.
It aims to accomplish which of the following?
7.Determine the cause-and-effect relationships
between process variables and output.
113
1.Consider a business that can be run using a
make-to-stock or make-to- order process. Further
suppose that your demand is 10000 per monthand
is spread out during the month. Capacity of both
processes is 15000per month. Based only on this
information, what would be the best choice?
2.Fundamental to any quality program is the
determination of quality specifications and the
costs of achieving (or not achieving) those
specifications.
114
3.Quality at the source" refers to the degree to
which product or service design specifications
are met.
4.In 1997, the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality
Improvement Act established the U.S. annual
award for total quality management.
5.A diamond is conventionally used in a process
flowchart to represent a storage area or queue.
6.A process is part of an organization that takes
, turns them into , and adds while doing so.
115
7.You are in a line at the bank drive-through and
10 cars are in front of you. You estimate that
the clerk is taking about five minutes per car to
serve. ..........................................
..................................................
......................... ........................
................. OPS 571T Apply Week 3 Exam
Assignment 100 Correct (All Possible
Question/Answer) For more course tutorials visit
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In the textbook, the expression "quality at the
source" means that we need to purchase the best
quality a supplier or vendor can provide. Is it
true or not?
Lean production makes implementing green
strategies in manufacturing processes more
difficult. Is it true or not?
A principle of value stream mapping is to
concentrate on speeding up value-added
operations. Is it true or not?
116
Value stream mapping involves materials, not
information. Is it true or not?
OPT stands for optimal purchasing technique. Is
it true or not?
Respect for people is a key to Toyota's
improvement ideas in manufacturing. Is it true
or not?
Respect for people is a key to Toyota's
improvement ideas in manufacturing. Is it true
or not?
117
According to the theory of constraints, which of
the following is a kind of time that makes up
the cycle time in production? Is it true or not?
To develop a lean manufacturing system a firm
might do which of the following?
A way to find a bottleneck is to use one's
knowledge of a particular plant, look at the
system in operation, and talk with supervisors
and ----- -----
A process batch should be no larger than the
transfer ---------
118
Lean production is a management philosophy and a
pull system throughout the plant. Is it true or
not? Departments within a firm often are at
odds with each other because reward systems are
often not synchronized with the basic goal of the
firm to make ------- A kaizen burst is an
overfilled -------- On an assembly line, a
transfer batch can be one ------- According to
the theory of constraints, the term
"productivity" is defined as all those actions
that bring a company closer to its goals. Is it
true or false?
One way to find a bottleneck is to run a capacity
resource--------
In the textbook, Toyota's Fujio Cho identified
which of the following types of waste to be
eliminated?
119
To implement a flow process in developing a lean
system a firm might do which of the following?
JIT is typically applied to--------------
The effects of statistical variations in
processing times in a dependent sequence will
eventually cancel themselves out due to the law
of --------- -----
One of the aims of value stream mapping to
eliminate waste in a -------- --------
120
Firms in Japan tend to have short-term
relationships with their suppliers and
customers. Is it true or false?
In a process sequence where a product flows from
process A to process B, process B is called the
contingent---------------
Which of the following is a negative aspect of
JIT compared to synchronous manufacturing?
The term "freeze window" refers to the practice
of building quality into the process and not
identifying quality by inspection. Is it true or
not?
121
According to the theory of constraints, it is
wrong for manufacturers to try to match capacity
with demand by attempting to balance capacity
across a sequence of processes. Unbalanced
capacity is better. Is it true or not?
3.JIT is typically applied to non-repetitive
manufacturing. Is it true or not?
4.JIT requires a stable production level. When
compared to synchronous manufacturing, this is
viewed as a negative aspect of JIT. Is it true
or not?
In the textbook, Toyota's Fujio Cho identified
which of the following types of waste to be
eliminated?
122
In implementing a lean production system, you
should work with suppliers to do which of the
following?
According to the theory of constraints, a
bottleneck is any resource whose capacity is
greater than the demand placed on it. Is it true
or not?
Company unions in Japan exist to foster a
cooperative relationship with management. Is it
true or not?
Value stream mapping involves materials, not
information. Is it true or not?
123
According to the theory of constraints,
throughput is the rate at which product is
passed through the manufacturing system. Is it
true or not?
One of the many lean techniques that have been
successfully applied in service firms is
leveling facility load. Is it true or not?
According to the theory of constraints, a
non-bottleneck is any resource where capacity is
less than the demand placed on it. Is it true or
not?
One of the many lean techniques that have been
successfully applied in service firms is the
eliminating of unnecessary activities. Is it true
or not?
124
Applying lean concepts to logistics is difficult
unless either the manufacturer or the customer
owns the logistics activities. Is it true or not?
In Japanese manufacturing, automation and
robotics are used extensively to perform dull or
routine jobs so employees are free to focus on
important improvement tasks. Is it true or not?
Which of the following is a negative aspect of
JIT compared to synchronous manufacturing?
The goal of JIT production is to drive all
inventory queues lower. Is it true or not?
125
Lean production requires a "push and pull" system
of inventory replenishment. Is it true or not?
A way to find a bottleneck is to use one's
knowledge of a particular plant, look at the
system in operation, and talk with supervisors
and workers. Is it true or not?
Synchronous manufacturing refers to the entire
production process working together in harmony
to achieve the goals of the firm. Is it true or
not?
You have been called in as a consultant to set up
a Kanban control system. The first thing to do
is to determine the number of Kanban card sets
needed. Your research shows that the expected
demand during lead time for a particular
component is 150 per hour. You estimate the
safety stock should be set at 25 percent of the
demand during lead time. The tote trays used as
containers can hold 8 units of stock, and the
lead time it takes to replenish an order is 2
hours. Which of the following is the number of
Kanban card sets necessary to support this
situation. You found that the number of Kanban
cards needed is 47. Your client now
126
tells you that they miscalculated the demand and
the true demand is 300 per hour. All other
things remain the same. What is the most
appropriate answer from the choices below?
In setting up a kanban control system you need to
determine the number of kanban card sets needed.
If the expected demand during lead time is 25
per hour, the safety stock is 20 percent of the
demand during lead time, the container size is
5, and the lead time to replenish an order is 5
hours, what the number of kanban card sets is
needed?
The "dollar days" inventory measurement can be
used in purchasing to discourage large
work-in-process and producing earlier than is
needed. Is it true or not?
You have been called in as a consultant to set up
a Kanban control system. The first thing to do
is to determine the number of Kanban card
127
sets needed. Your research shows that the
expected demand during lead time for a
particular component is 150 per hour. You
estimate the safety stock should be set at 25
percent of the demand during lead time. The tote
trays used as containers can hold 8 units of
stock, and the lead time it takes to replenish
an order is 2 hours. Which of the following is
the number of Kanban card sets necessary to
support this situation?
In a process sequence where a product flows from
process A to process B, process B is called the
contingent process. Is it true or not?
What terms refers to a schedule that pulls
material into final assembly at a constant rate?
What term refers to the optimization of
value-adding activities and elimination of
nonvalue-adding activities that are part of a
value system?
128
What is the name of the software Goldratt
developed to implement his idea of TOC?
What are the three financial measurements
necessary to adequately measure a firms
performance?
Which of the following are related to lean
production?
In a setting up Kanban control system you need to
determine the number of Kanban card sets needed.
If assume the expected demand during lead is 50
per hour, the safety stock is 20 percent of the
demand during lead time, the container size is
4, and the lead time to replenish an order is 8
hours, what number of Kanban card sets is needed?
129
Which of the following is a lean production
technique that has been successfully applied in
service firms?
Which of the following is a focusing step of
Dr. Eli Goldratts theory of constraints?
According to the theory of constraints, which of
the following can be a CCR?
Which of the following is a negative aspect of
JIT compared to synchronous manufacturing?
Group technology (GT) is credited with which of
the following benefits?
130
In Japanese manufacturing, automation and
robotics are used extensively to perform dull or
routine jobs so employees are free to focus on
important improvement tasks. Lean production
replaced JIT in the 1990s because JIT did not
address the problem of reducing waste. In the
textbook, Toyota's Fujio Cho identified which of
the following types of waste to be
eliminated? The operational measure of
throughput is "the rate at which money is
generated by the system through production of
goods and services that might be sold." Is it
true or not? Kanban means "symbol" or "box" in
Japanese. Is it true or not? In a lean
production system, we expect to see which of the
following?
production is a management philosophy and a pull
system throughout the plant. Is it true or not?
131
According to the theory of constraints, the term
"productivity" is defined as all those actions
that bring a company closer to its goals. Is it
true or not? In setting up a kanban control
system you need to determine the number of
kanban card sets needed. If the expected demand
during lead time is 25 per hour, the safety
stock is 20 percent of the demand during lead
time, the container size is 5, and the lead time
to replenish an order is 5 hours, what the
number of kanban card sets is needed? Applying
lean concepts in manufacturing balances increases
in cost with quality improvement. Is it true or
not? Value stream mapping is used to visualize
product flows through various processing steps.
Is it true or not? .............................
..................................................
...................................... ...........
.............................. OPS 571T Apply
Week 4 Exam Assignment 100 Correct (All
Possible Question/Answer)
132
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1. The fact that organizations are flattening is
one of the reasons that project management is
important
2. Derivative projects are those that address
incremental changes to products or processes.
3. A disadvantage of a matrix project
organizational structure is that a project
manager is held responsible for successful
completion of the project.
133
4. The critical path in a CPM analysis is found
by locating the activities times with zero slack.
5. Here are the data for a time-cost CPM
scheduling model analysis. The time is in days
and the costs include both direct and indirect
costs.
If you crash this project to reduce the total
time by one day, what is the total time of the
project and total cost? A simple project
listing of five activities, their predecessors,
and their respective time estimates are
presented here
134
6. Using CPM, what is the latest finish time for
the last activity in this project (i.e., the
total time to complete the project)?

1. In CPM, the late start time estimate is the
   latest time you can start an activity and still
   keep the entire project on schedule.
2. A simple project listing of five activities and
   their respective time estimates are presented
   here

Using CPM, which activities make up the critical
path?
135
9. A simple project listing of five activities,
their predecessors, and their respective time
estimates are presented here
Using the CPM, which activities have slack in
this project?
10. A listing of immediate predecessor activities
is important information in a CPM analysis for
which of the following reasons?
11. You are managing a project and need to cut
the cost of the project. You decide to transfer
workers to another job to cut the project's
costs. Costs associated with transferring the
workers are an example of project indirect costs.
136
12. One of the assumptions made using CPM is that
project activity sequence relationships can be
specified and networked.