Python conditional statement

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• Conditional statements are used to control the
  flow of the program.
• Conditional Statement in Python perform different
  computations or actions depending on whether a
  specific Boolean constraint evaluates to true or
  false.
• if, elif and else are the conditional statements
  in python.

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If statement

• An "if statement" is written by using
  the if keyword.
• Python if Statement is used for decision-making
  operations.
• It contains a body of code which runs only when
  the condition given in the if statement is true.
  If the condition is false, then the optional else
  statement runs which contains some code for the
  else condition.
• Syntax of if statementif expression statement
  1
• Else is completely an optional block.

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• There are a few important items to remember about 
  if statements 
• The colon ()  is important and essential. 
• The header of the compound statement is isolated f
  rom the body. 
• The line after the colon has to be indented. 
• It is common in Python to use four indenting space
  s. 
• All rows indented after the colon will be executed
   whenever the BOOLEAN EXPRESSION is valid.

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Examples of if statement

• a 15b 20if b gt a print("b is greater than
  a")O/Pb is greater than a

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Nested if statement

• Syntaxif expression1 statement(s) if
  expression2 statement(s) elif expression3
  statement(s) elif expression4
  statement(s) else statement(s) else
  statement(s)

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Example

• num 15if num gt 0     if num 0
         print("Zero")     else
          print("Positive number") else
      print("Negative number")
• O/P Positive number

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if .......else Statement

• It is used for decision-making operations. It
  contains a body of code which runs only when the
  condition given in the if statement is true.
• If the condition is false, then the optional else
  statement runs which contains some code for the
  else condition.
• Syntaxif BOOLEAN EXPRESSION STATEMENTS_1
  else STATEMENTS_2

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• Example x15y70if x gt y print(x is
  greater ")else print(y is greater)O/P y
  is greater

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Elif statement

• The elif keyword is pythons way of saying "if the
  previous conditions were not true, then try this
  condition".
• elif is an abbreviation of else if. Again,
  exactly one branch will be executed. There is no
  limit of the number of elif statements but only a
  single (and optional) final else statement is
  allowed and it must be the last branch in the
  statement

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• Syntax if condition 1 STATEMENTS_A elif
  conditon 2 STATEMENTS_B else STATEMENTS_C
• Examplea  33b  33if b gt a  print("b is
  greater than a")elif a b  print("a and b
  are equal")

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