Facts About Infertility

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Facts About Infertility
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Infertility is the inability of a couple to
become pregnant (regardless of cause) after 1
year of unprotected sexual intercourse (using no
birth control methods).

• Infertility affects men and women equally.
• Most infertility cases are treated with
  medication or surgery.
• Improvements in fertility treatment have made it
  possible for many women whose male partner is
  infertile to become pregnant. These new and
  advanced technologies include in vitro
  fertilization (IVF), intracytoplasmic sperm
  injection (ICSI), and other similar procedures.

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What Causes Infertility?
The normal reproduction process requires
interaction between the female and male
reproductive tracts. The woman ovulates and
releases an egg from her ovaries to travel
through the Fallopian tube to her uterus (womb).
The male produces sperm. Both egg and sperm
normally meet in the woman's Fallopian tube,
where fertilization occurs. The embryo then
implants in the uterus for further
development. Infertility occurs when something
in this pattern does not happen. The problem
could be with the woman (female infertility),
with the man (male infertility), or with both.
Unknown factors cause infertility 10 of the
time. For infertility with an unknown cause, all
findings from standard tests may be normal. The
actual cause of infertility may not be detected
because the problem may be with the egg or sperm
itself or with the embryo and its inability to
implant.
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Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
Sexually transmitted diseases, namely, gonorrhea
and Chlamydia, may be associated with pelvic
inflammatory disease (PID) and damage a woman's
Fallopian tubes. A health care professional can
detect pelvic inflammatory disease using cultures
or molecular biologic studies of vaginal
discharge and blood testing for sexually
transmitted diseases.
If a woman does not recall ever having pelvic
inflammatory disease, her doctor may be able to
see scarring or blockage of the tubes during a
surgical procedure called laparoscopy. Tiny
cameras and instruments are inserted through
small cuts in the abdomen to allow the doctor to
view the reproductive organs.
Endometriosis
Endometriosis affects women during their
reproductive years and may contribute to
infertility. It can cause pelvic pain and
infertility. A woman may be at risk for
developing it if she has a family history of the
disease. With endometriosis, uterine lining
tissue grows outside the uterus and may damage
the ovaries and Fallopian tubes. A woman may not
know she has a mild form of this condition.
Sometimes the doctor finds it during laparoscopy.
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Environmental and occupational factors
Certain environmental factors may cause men to
produce a less concentrated sperm. Exposure to
lead, other heavy metals, and pesticides have
been associated with male infertility. Many other
factors, such as excessive heat exposure,
microwave radiation, ultrasound, and other health
hazards, are more controversial as to whether
they induce infertility.
Toxic effects related to tobacco, marijuana, and
other drugs
Smoking may cause infertility in both men and
women. In experimental animals, nicotine has been
shown to block the production of sperm and
decrease the size of a man's testicles. In women,
tobacco changes the cervical mucus, thus
affecting the way sperm reach the egg.
Marijuana may disrupt a woman's ovulation
(release of the egg). Marijuana use affects men
by decreasing the sperm count and the quality of
the sperm.
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Heroin, cocaine, and crack cocaine use induces
similar effects but places the user at increased
risk for pelvic inflammatory disease and HIV
infection associated with risky sexual behavior.
In women, the effects of alcohol are related more
to severe consequences for the fetus.
Nevertheless, chronic alcoholism is related to
disorders in ovulation and, therefore, interferes
with fertility. Alcohol use by men interferes
with the synthesis of testosterone and has an
impact on sperm concentration. Alcoholism may
delay a man's sexual response and may cause
impotence (unable to have an erection).
Exercise
Exercise should be encouraged as part of normal
activities. However, too much exercise is
dangerous, especially for long-distance runners.
For women, it may result in disruption of the
ovulation cycle, cause no menstrual periods, or
result in miscarriages (loss of pregnancy). In
men, excessive exercise may cause a low sperm
count.
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Inadequate diet associated with extreme weight
loss or gain
Obesity is becoming a major health issue in the
United States. Obesity has an impact on
infertility only when a woman's weight reaches
extremes. Weight loss with anorexia or bulimia
can create problems with menstrual periods (no
periods) and thyroid levels, thus disrupting
normal ovulation.
Age
A woman becomes less fertile as she ages into her
fifth decade of life (age 40-49 years). Among
men, as they age, levels of testosterone fall,
and the volume and concentration of sperm change.
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Healthy couples younger than 30 years who have
regular sexual intercourse and use no birth
control methods have a 25 to 30 chance of
achieving pregnancy each month. A woman's peak
fertility is early in the third decade of life.
As a woman ages beyond 35 years (and particularly
after age 40 years), the likelihood of becoming
pregnant is less than 10 per month.
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Centre provide the IVF, IUI, Surrogacy,
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at Care Womens Centre is an experienced IVF
doctor, known for 90 successful IVF. If you are
also looking for IVF specialist for IVF in
Indore, then contact Care Womens Centre or Dr
Shweta Kaul Jha. Book an appointment call now
8889016663 and visit https//www.carewomenscentre.
com/ for more information.
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