Title: Water and electrolyte balance
1Water and Electrolyte Balance
R. C. Gupta M.D. (Biochemistry) Jaip
ur (Rajasthan), India
2EMB-RCG
3EMB-RCG
4EMB-RCG
5Water content is more in muscular persons than in
obese persons
EMB-RCG
6E M B - R C G
7(No Transcript)
8Solvent power
E M B - R C G
9Dielectric constant
E M B - R C G
10Specific heat
E M B - R C G
11Latent heat of evaporation
E M B - R C G
12Distribution of water
Compartment Water
Total water in an average man 50 litres
Water in intra-cellular compartment 35 litres
Water in extra-cellular compartment 15 litres
E M B - R C G
13E M B - R C G
14(No Transcript)
15Osmolality
E M B - R C G
16E M B - R C G
17(No Transcript)
18E M B - R C G
19E M B - R C G
20 Cations
EMB-RCG
21 Anions
E M B - R C G
22 Proteins
E M B - R C G
23E M B - R C G
24E M B - R C G
25E M B - R C G
26E M B - R C G
27E M B - R C G
28E M B - R C G
29 Oncotic pressure
E M B - R C G
30E M B - R C G
31 Water intake and output
E M B - R C G
32 Metabolic water
E M B - R C G
33In a temperate climate, intake of water is
Source Volume
Drinking water about 1.5 L /day
Water in food and beverages about 1.0 L /day
Metabolic water about 0.3 L /day
Total intake about 2.8 L /day
E M B - R C G
34Water is lost from the body in the form of
Route Volume
Urine about 1.5 L /day
Faeces about 0.1 L /day
Water vapour in expired air about 0.4 L /day
Water loss in the form of sweat about 0.8 L /day
Total output about 2.8 L /day
E M B - R C G
35E M B - R C G
36E M B - R C G
37Regulation of water balance
E M B - R C G
38E M B - R C G
39(No Transcript)
40E M B - R C G
41Glomerular filtration rate
E M B - R C G
42Tubular re-absorption
E M B - R C G
43Obligatory re-absorption
E M B - R C G
44E M B - R C G
45Facultative re-absorption
E M B - R C G
46E M B - R C G
47E M B - R C G
48(No Transcript)
49E M B - R C G
50E M B - R C G
51Electrolyte balance
E M B - R C G
52E M B - R C G
53E M B - R C G
54E M B - R C G
55 Regulation of sodium
E M B - R C G
56 Regulation of potassium
E M B - R C G
57 Regulation of chloride
E M B - R C G
58Dehydration
E M B - R C G
59E M B - R C G
60E M B - R C G
61E M B - R C G
62E M B - R C G
63E M B - R C G
64Correction of dehydration
E M B - R C G
65Water intoxication
E M B - R C G
66E M B - R C G
67Diuretics
E M B - R C G
68E M B - R C G
69Acetazolamide
E M B - R C G
70E M B - R C G
71Spironolactone
E M B - R C G
72E M B - R C G
73Thiazides
E M B - R C G
74Furosemide
E M B - R C G
75Ethacrynic acid
E M B - R C G
76Mannitol
E M B - R C G
77ECF contraction and expansion
E M B - R C G
78E M B - R C G
79E M B - R C G
80E M B - R C G
81Isotonic ECF contraction
E M B - R C G
82Hypotonic ECF contraction
E M B - R C G
83Hypertonic ECF contraction
E M B - R C G
84Isotonic ECF expansion
E M B - R C G
85Hypotonic ECF expansion
E M B - R C G
86Hypertonic ECF expansion
E M B - R C G
87Hypovolaemia
E M B - R C G
88E M B - R C G
89E M B - R C G
90(No Transcript)
91E M B - R C G
92E M B - R C G
93(No Transcript)
94Redistribution of water
E M B - R C G
95E M B - R C G
96E M B - R C G
97E M B - R C G
98E M B - R C G
99E M B - R C G
100E M B - R C G
101E M B - R C G
102E M B - R C G
103Intravenous fluids
E M B - R C G
104E M B - R C G
105Thank you