How to Encrypt All Your Online and Offline Data

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How to Encrypt All Your Online and Offline Data
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Your digital profile can also be used to invade
your privacy in annoying and creepy ways such as
showing you ads that are personalized based on
your most intimate preferences and
information. However, its never too soon to
start protecting your digital information from
unwanted eyes. In this regard, your best friend
is encryption, the science of scrambling data
using mathematics. Encryption makes sure only
intended people can read your data. Unauthorized
parties who access your data will see nothing but
a bunch of undecipherable bytes.
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Encrypt Your On-Device Data
First, the easy part. You should start by
encrypting the data you physically hold. This
includes the content you store on your laptop,
desktop PC, smartphone, tablet and removable
drives. If you lose your devices, you risk
placing sensitive information in the wrong
hands. The most secure way to encrypt your
on-device data is full-disk encryption (FDE). FDE
encrypts everything on a device and only makes
the data available for use after the user
provides a password or PIN code. Most operating
systems support FDE. In Windows, you can use
BitLocker to turn on full-disk encryption on your
PC. In macOS, the full-disk encryption is called
FileVault. You can read our step-by-step guide
on using BitLocker and FileVault. Windows
BitLocker also supports encrypting external
drives such as memory cards and USB thumb drives.
On macOS, you can use the Disk Utility to create
an encrypted USB drive. Alternatively, you can
try hardware encrypted devices. Hardware
encrypted drives require users to enter a PIN
code on the device before plugging it to the
computer. Encrypted drives are more expensive
than their non-encrypted counterparts, but they
are also more secure.
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You should also encrypt your mobile devices.
On-device encryption will make sure that an
unauthorized person wont be able to gain access
to your phones data, even if they get physical
access to it. Both iOS and Android support
full-disk encryption. All Apple devices running
iOS 8.0 and later are encrypted by default. We
suggest you leave it that way. The Android
landscape is a bit fragmented since OS default
settings and interfaces might differ based on
manufacturer and OS version. Make sure to
check yours is encrypted.
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Encrypt Your Data in the Cloud
We rely on cloud storage services such as Google
Drive, DropBox and Microsoft OneDrive to store
our files and share them with friends and
colleagues. But while those services do a good
job to protect your data against unauthorized
access, they still have access to the contents of
the files you store in their cloud services. They
also cant protect you if your account gets
hijacked.
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If you dont feel comfortable with Google or
Microsoft having access to your sensitive files,
you can use Boxcryptor. Boxcryptor integrates
with most popular storage services and adds a
layer of encryption to protect your files before
uploading them to the cloud. This way, you can
make sure that only you and the people you share
your files with will be aware of their
content. Alternatively, you can use an end-to-end
encrypted (E2EE) storage service such
as Tresorit.  Before storing your files in the
cloud, E2EE storage services encrypt your files
with keys that you exclusively hold, and not even
the service that stores your files can access
their content.
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Encrypt Your Internet Traffic
Perhaps equally as important as encrypting your
files is the encryption of your internet traffic.
Your internet service provider (ISP)or a
malicious actor that might be lurking on the
public Wi-Fi network youre usingwill be able to
eavesdrop on the sites you browse to and the
services and applications you use. They can use
that information to sell it to advertisers or, in
the case of hackers, use it against you. To
protect your internet traffic against nosy and
malicious parties, you can sign up to a virtual
private network (VPN). When you use a VPN, all
your internet traffic is encrypted and channeled
through a VPN server before reaching its
destiny. If a malicious actor (or your ISP)
decides to monitor your traffic, all theyll see
is a stream of encrypted data exchanged between
you and your VPN server. They wont be able to
figure out which websites and applications youre
using.
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One thing to consider is that your VPN provider
will still have full visibility on your internet
traffic. If you want absolute privacy, you can
use The Onion Router (Tor). Tor, which is both
the name of a darknet network and a namesake
browser, encrypts your internet traffic and
bounces it through several independent computers
running a specialized software.
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Encrypt Your Emails
Encrypting your emails can protect your sensitive
communications against people who gain unwanted
access to them. This can be hackers who break
into your account, or your email provider
itself. To encrypt your emails, you can
use Pretty Good Privacy (PGP). PGP is an open
protocol that uses public-private key encryption
to enable users to exchange encrypted emails.
With PGP, every user has a public, known to
everyone, which enables other users to send them
encrypted emails. The private key, which is only
known to the user and stored on the users
device, can decrypt messages encrypted with the
public key. If an unintended party intercepts a
PGP-encrypted email, they wont be able to read
its contents. Even if they break into your email
account by stealing your credentials, they wont
be able to read the contents of your encrypted
emails.
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One of the advantages of PGP is that it can be
integrated into any email service. There plenty
of plugins that add PGP support to email client
applications such as Microsoft Outlook. If youre
using a web client like the Gmail or Yahoo
websites, you can use Mailvelope, a browser
extension that adds easy-to-use PGP support to
most popular email services. Alternatively, you
can sign-up to an end-to-end encrypted email
service such as ProtonMail. ProtonMail encrypts
your emails without the need to take any
additional steps. Unlike services such as Gmail
and Outlook.com, ProtonMail wont be able to read
the content of your emails.
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Encrypt Your Messages
Messaging apps have become an inseparable part of
our lives. There are dozens of messaging services
you can use to communicate with family, friends
and colleagues. But they provide different levels
of security. Preferably, you should use a
messaging service that is end-to-end encrypted.
Nowadays, most popular messaging services provide
end-to-end encryption. Some examples include
WhatsApp, Signal, Telegram, Viber and Wickr.
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However, those that enable E2EE by default are
more secure. WhatsApp, Signal and Wickr enable
end-to-end encryption by default. Also, messaging
services that are based on open-source protocols
are more reliable because they can be
peer-reviewed by independent industry experts.
Signal Protocol, the E2EE technology that powers
WhatsApp and Signal, is an open-source protocol
that has been endorsed by many security experts.
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