Dilated Cardiomyopathy (1) - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Dilated Cardiomyopathy (1)

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Dilated cardiomyopathy or DCM is a condition in which the heart becomes weakened and enlarged and cannot pump blood efficiently. – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Dilated Cardiomyopathy (1)


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Dilated Cardiomyopathy
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Dilated Cardiomyopathy
  • In CardiomyopathyDilated Cardiomyopathy may be
    the most common form. The blood flow is stagnant
    or slow in an area in the chambers of dilated
    heart. This is also called stasis". This adds to
    the development of a blood clot also known as
    thrombus. If this "thrombus" is pumped out of the
    heart because of dislodging, it may cause a
    stroke or similar ischemic conditions. In dilated
    cardiomyopathy, the cavity becomes dilated which
    means enlarged and its ability to pump blood
    reduces significantly. Many patients with
    prolonged dilated Cardiomyopathy may have high
    risk of heart failure. Abnormal heart rhythm
    disorder may also develop with prolonged dilated
    Cardiomyopathy condition.

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Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Continue
  • Myocardium structural or functional
    abnormalities lead to Cardiomyopathies. Even
    though some cases are because of idiopathic
    causes. However in some cases of infectious
    diseases, cancer chemotherapy, toxins,
    alcoholism, diseases related to connective
    tissues or nutritional deficiencies may be the
    causes for this disease. Dilated cardiomyopathy
    also known as DCM, is a condition where hearts
    function to pump the blood reduces.

4
Cardiomyopathy types may be classified as
  • Dilated Cardiomyopathy
  •  Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
  •  Restrictive Cardiomyopathy
  • Sometimes Dilated congestive patients may or may
    not have any symptoms. Even if the symptoms
    prevail, they might not be major. In some cases
    some patients develop symptoms which only get
    worse by time and damage the heart.

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Causes of Dilated cardiomyopathy
  • Dilated cardiomyopathy can be related to family
    history or genes.Any Severe coronary artery
    diseaseExcessive AlcoholismAny Thyroid disease
    historyBlood Sugar Levels - DiabetesViral
    infections in heartAbnormalities of Heart
    valveDrugs usage cocaine, meth, ecstasy etc.
    that are toxic.

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Diagnosis of Dilated cardiomyopathy
  • Dilated cardiomyopathy is diagnosed based on
    your family history, study of your genetics etc..
    It also requires a physical exam
    electrocardiogram also called ECG, blood tests,
    chest X-Ray, Echo cardiogram, stress test while
    exercising etc. In rare cases a test called
    myocardial biopsy is done to diagnose this
    condition. In this test a sample from the tissue
    is collected and analyzed under microscope to
    find the cause this condition. Sometimes study of
    genes or genetic studies also help identifying
    the cause of the symptom.

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Symptoms
  • Dilated congestive may develop at any age and
    may show the following symptoms
  • Symptoms related to Heart Failure -
    breathlessness, fatigue.
  • Swelling in the lower extremities.
  • Fatigue feeling tired or exhausted.
  • Sudden weight gain.
  • Fainting it is acondition of falling
    unconscious it could happen at rest or while
    doing aphysical activity.
  • Palpitations whichis abnormal heart rhythm or
    heart beats
  • Lightheadedness or dizziness

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Symptoms
Continue
  • In the dilated leftventricle, blood clots can
    form. If these blood clots burst, it may lodge
    inthe artery and disrupt the blood flow to the
    brain. This can cause a heart orbrain stroke,
    sometimes may prove to be very fatal.
  • Experiencing chest pain or pressure is very
    common.
  • Sudden death could follow after a prolonged
    untreated condition.

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Treatments
  • Treatment of Dilated Cardiomyopathy
  • To stimulate the heart for normal functioning and
    restoration digitalis may be used. 
  • Diuretics could help facilitate and promote
    excreting the water and bringing the blood
    pressure down. 
  • Bed rest Could be recommended by doctors for
    some patients and sometimes for an extended
    period of time.
  • The intensity and extent of myocardial damage
    will decide the prognosis. Deaths in this
    condition of dilated Cardiomyopathy result from
    the failure of left ventricles and usually happen
    within 5 years of being diagnosed of this
    condition.

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Treatments
Continue
  • Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy happens when the
    thickening of the inter- ventricular septum
    happens. Mostly it is genetically related
    disorder. Though the heart may seem to be normal
    in size but the thickening of inter- ventricular
    septum reduces the functioning capacity of
    ventricles.
  • Related DiseaseCardiac Arrest
  • Breathing difficulty
  • Pain in chest

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