Combined heat and power technology in France

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Combined Heat and Power Technology in France
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Biopower is a fuel produced through modern
biological processes, such as agriculture and
anaerobic digestion. Biopower is derived from
biomass which is obtained from agricultural,
commercial, domestic, and animal wastes.
Renewable biopower generally involve existing
carbon fixation that occur in plants or
microalgae through photosynthesis. Biopower is a
renewable energy made available from materials
derived from biological sources. Biomass is any
organic material that has stored sunlight in the
form of chemical energy. It includes wood, wood
waste, straw, manure, sugarcane, and many other
by-products from a variety of agricultural
processes. French renewable power sources also
include wind, solar photovoltaic (PV),
concentrated solar power (CSP), small hydropower
(SHP), biomass, biogas and geothermal.
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Biopower is recognized as crucial element of the
French future energy needs and without which the
reduction in greenhouse gases is impossible.
Green chemical engineering and sustainable
industrial technology aims at the biopower
research at macro level and advances in green
chemistry. Environment friendly chemical
synthesis and processes such as green catalysis,
green solvents and reagents, atom-economy
synthetic methods are used to produce biopower
from renewable resources. Excess Biopower
generated is stored in batteries. Biopower is a
progressively explored area as an alternative
source of fuel to preserve energy security in
France. The only direct substitute for fossil
fuels is biofuels and biopower that has great
importance, despite a significant slowdown in
investments. Biomass is a renewable source of
carbon where solar energy is stored and can be
processed into convenient solid, liquid, and
gaseous fuels.
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According to the study Biopower in France,
Market Outlook to 2030, Update 2017-Capacity,
Generation, Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE),
Investment Trends, Regulations and Company
Profiles, the increasing use of biopower across
France is one of the key factors that is also
encouraging the growth in aviation fuel market.
France has made policies to encourage the use of
biofuels or biopower in the aviation industry to
reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Advanced
biopower is generated from lignocellulosic
biomass or woody crops, agricultural residues or
waste. Advanced biopower technologies are
introduced due to the limitations in the first
generation biopower procedures. First generation
processes are convenient but the biofuel yield is
not enough without including food supplies and
biodiversity. Therefore, advanced biofuels
procedures resolved these complications and
witnessed yield in greater proportion of biofuel
affordably, sustainably and with larger
environmental interests.
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Biomass is a renewable source of fuel to yield
biopower in France because waste residues will
always prevail in forms of scrap wood, mill
residuals and forest resources and properly
directed forests will always have additional
trees, invariable crops and unconsumed biological
matter. Biogas is a mixture of various gases
generated by the disintegration of organic matter
in the absence of oxygen. It is manufactured from
raw matters such as agricultural waste, municipal
waste, manure, plant material, green waste,
sewage or food waste. Biogas is a renewable
energy source and exerts a limited carbon
footprint. Biogas is also manufactured by
fermentation of biodegradable materials or
anaerobic digestion with anaerobic organisms,
which disintegrates material inside an isolated
system. Biogas is methane (CH4) and carbon
dioxide (CO2) with small traces of hydrogen
sulfide (H2S), siloxanes and moisture. The
combusted of biogas with oxygen is a fuel that
can be utilized for any heating purpose, such as
cooking. It can also be used in a gas engine to
transform the energy in the gas to electricity
and heat.   
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France is one the largest biopower manufactures
in Europe. France has requested for biopower
policy stability for sustainable conventional
biopower and biofuel producers until the year
2030. Researchers state that oilseed crops are
demanded to give a more accurate results in the
biopower and biofuel sector while reflecting the
environmental sustainability of biodiesel. The
International Energy Agency (IEA) in France
states that modern biopower is an essential for
the future low carbon energy systems and to meet
the climate change commitments to help in
decarbonising few sectors such as aviation,
shipping and long haul road transport. This
technology roadmap published by the IEA in France
re-examines the role of biopower and bioenergy in
view of the changes in the energy sector over the
past five years. The recent experience in French
bio-energies policy, market development and
regulation has a huge impact on the countrys
power sector. It was observed that the biopower
sector in France will continue to upgrade in
clean fuels with a sky rocketing growth over the
coming years.   
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