Valvular Heart Disease: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment

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Valvular Heart Disease
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Valvular Heart Disease

• The diseases related to the valves of the heart
  are known as heart valve disorders. The heart has
  four valves 
• Tricuspid valve
• Pulmonary valve
• Mitral valve
• Aortic valveThese heart valves ensure that the
  blood flows in a forward direction and there is
  no reverse leakage in the heart. The pulmonary
  valve controls the flow of blood from the heart
  to the lungs, mitral and tricuspid valve control
  the flow of blood between the atria and the
  ventricles and aortic valve controls the blood
  flow between the heart and the aorta.

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Causes of Valvular Heart Disease

• There are number of factors that may contribute
  in the development of valvular Heart Disease.
  Causes of valve diseases are
• Hypertension or high blood pressure
• Inflammation in the aorta
• Heart attack in the past
• Old age
• Excessive consumption of alcohol
• Atherosclerosis
• Autoimmune disorder
• Inflammation of the heart tissue
• Cardiomyopathy
• Birth defect

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Symptoms

• The symptoms of Valvular Heart Disease depend on
  the severity of the valve disorder. The symptoms
  indicate the problem associated with blood flow.
  The most common symptoms of Valvular Heart
  Disease are 
• Chest pain
• Shortness of breath
• Swelling of abdomen, feet, or ankles
• Migraine
• Persistent cough
• Inflammation
• Pulmonary problems
• Dizziness
• Irregular heartbeat
• Abnormal weight gain

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Diagnosis of Valvular Heart Disease

• The doctor will use a stethoscope to listen to
  your heart and lung. This helps doctor to
  determine the abnormalities related to heart
  valve. This will also help the doctor to
  determine the fluid buildup and water retention.
• A chest x-ray is done to take a picture of the
  patients heart. X-ray reveals if there is any
  change in the shape of heart.
• A stress test is done to determine the severity
  of the patients condition. A stress test reveals
  how the heart reacts when put in a stressful
  condition.
• Magnetic resource imaging (MRI) gives the
  detailed picture of the heart, which helps to
  determine the problems associated with a
  particular valve.
• Electrocardiogram (ECG) shows the electrical
  activity of the heart.
• Echocardiogram produces sound waves to create the
  picture of the heart valves and chambers.

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Treatments

• The treatment of valvular heart disease depends
  on the type of heart valve affected. The
  treatment of Valvular Heart Disease may include
  medications, surgery and healthy change in
  lifestyle. Beta-blockers and calcium blockers are
  prescribed by the doctor to control the heart
  rate and blood flow. Vasodilators and diuretics
  medicines reduce the fluid retention and dilate
  the blood vessels. A doctor may also perform
  a valvuloplasty to treat stenosis. In this
  surgical procedure, a small balloon is inserted
  into your heart and is inflated slightly to
  increase the opening of the valve and then the
  balloon is removed. Lifestyle changes such
  as quitting smoking and alcohol and following
  a healthy dietcan also help in reducing the
  symptoms of valvular heart disease.

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