IP address

1
What is an IP address

• A way to identify machines on a network
• A unique identifier

2
IP usage

• Used to connect to another computer
• Allows transfers of files and e-mail

3
IP structure

• IP addresses consist of four sections
• Each section is 8 bits long
• Each section can range from 0 to 255
• Written, for example, 128.35.0.72

4
IP structure

• These four sections represent the machine itself
  and the network it is on
• The network portion is assigned.
• The host section is determined by the network
  administrator

5
IP structure

• 5 Classes of IP address A B C D and E
• Class A reserved for governments
• Class B reserved for medium companies
• Class C reserved for small companies

6
IP structure

• Class D are reserved for multicasting
• Class E are reserved for future use

7
IP structure

• Class A begins 1 to 126
• Class B begins 128 to 191
• Class C begins 192 to 223

8
Reserved addresses

• Addresses beginning 127 are reserved for loopback
  and internal testing
• xxx.0.0.0 reserved for network address
• xxx.255.255.255 reserved for broadcast

9
IP Addresses

• IP addresses are
• Unique
• Global and Standardised
• Essential

10
Subnetting - Why?

• Division of local networks
• Greater number of networks
• Simplifies addressing

11
Subnetting - How

• Bits borrowed from host field

12
Subnetting -Example

• 130.5.0.0 - Network address
• 130.5.2.144 - Host address
• 255.255.255.0 - Subnet Mask
• 130.5.2.0 - Subnet

13
Where do you want to go
Tomorrow?

• Computer controlled dwellings
• Road and rail systems
• Criminal tagging

14
The Internet Protocol

• Running out!!
• Upgraded to IPv6

15
Dont forget to check your IP Address from
here.Thank you!