Competitive(NET AND GAT)E Examination Chemistry in India

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by maruthupandi M , m.sC chemistry,
Vivekananda college ,Madurai, tn,india.

• Competitive Examination Chemistry in India

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1)CSIR UGC NET (CHEMICAL SCIENCES)
CSIR UGC COMBINED NATIONAL ELIGIBILITY TEST
(CSIR UGC NET) for RESEARCH FELLOWSHIP
LECTURESHIP for chemical sciences is conducted
twice every year (in June in December) to
select right candidates to award research
fellowships, initially for two years (JRF) which
can be further extended for three more years
(SRF). This exam is also popularly known as CSIR
NET or CSIR UGC NET exam.
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2)GATE (CHEMISTRY)
GATE exam is conducted once in every year in
chemical sciences along with other engineering
subjects. It is organized by IIT's and the
purpose of this exam is to select candidates who
want to pursue their masters courses in
technology (M. Tech). The candidates with very
good GATE score are also eligible to get
the CSIR scholarship in some selected institutes
and preferred over others while taking into
project work.
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3)CSIR NET EXAM PATTERN (NEW)
A single paper test having multiple choice
questions (MCQs)  carries a maximum of 200
marks.  is divided into three parts (A, B
C). conducted for the duration of 3 hours.
negative marking _at_25 for each wrong answer.
Part of questions To be attempted Marks allotted per each question Maximum marks
A  20 15 2 30
B 50 35 2 70
C 75 25 4 100
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Part - A  
carries 20 questions and is common to all the
subjects. The candidate is required to answer any
15 questions. Each correct answer is awarded with
2 marks. The total marks allocated to this
section shall be 30 out of 200. The revised
pattern for this part will test general aptitude
with emphasis on logical reasoning, graphical
analysis, analytical and numerical ability,
quantitative comparison, series formation,
puzzles etc. There is no syllabus prescribed for
this. 
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Part - B 
contains 50 multiple choice questions generally
covering the topics given in the syllabus. A
candidate is required to answer any 35 questions
and each correct answer is awarded with 2 marks.
The total marks allocated to this section shall
be 70 out of 200. The standards of these
questions from this section may range from 102
to PG level in chemistry subject.
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Part - C 
consists of 75 questions. A candidate shall be
required to answer any 25 questions, each
carrying 4 marks. The maximum marks allocated to
this section is 100 out of 200. The questions
shall be of analytical nature where a candidate
is expected to apply the scientific knowledge in
chemistry to arrive at the solution to the given
problem.
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Cutoff marks for Chemical sciences (2016) 18th
December
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4)CSIR NET CHEMITRY SYLLABUS
The syllabus for CSIR NET and GATE exams
including other exams for Ph.D entrance exams is
almost same. The common syllabus for both part B
C of CSIR NET exam in chemical sciences is
given below.
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5) Inorganic Chemistry
1. Chemical periodicity  2. Structure and bonding
in homo and hetero nuclear molecules, including
shapes of molecules (VSEPR Theory).  3. Concepts
of acids and bases, Hard-Soft acid base concept,
Non-aqueous solvents.  4. Main group elements and
their compounds Allotropy, synthesis, structure
and bonding, industrial importance of the
compounds.  5. Transition elements and
coordination compounds structure, bonding
theories, spectral and magnetic properties,
reaction mechanisms.  6. Inner transition
elements spectral and magnetic properties, redox
chemistry, analytical applications. 
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7. Organometallic compounds synthesis, bonding
and structure, and reactivity. Organometallics in
homogeneous catalysis.  8. Cages and metal
clusters.  9. Analytical chemistry- separation,
spectroscopic, electro- and thermoanalytical
methods.  10. Bioinorganic chemistry
photosystems, porphyrins, metalloenzymes, oxygen
transport, electron- transfer reactions nitrogen
fixation, metal complexes in medicine.  11.
Characterization of inorganic compounds by IR,
Raman, NMR, EPR, Mossbauer, UV-vis, NQR, MS,
electron spectroscopy and microscopic
techniques.  12. Nuclear chemistry nuclear
reactions, fission and fusion, radio-analytical
techniques and activation analysis.
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6) Physical Chemistry
1. Basic principles of quantum mechanics
Postulates operator algebra exactly- solvable
systems particle-in-a-box, harmonic oscillator
and the hydrogen atom, including shapes of atomic
orbitals orbital and spin angular momenta
tunneling.  2. Approximate methods of quantum
mechanics Variational principle perturbation
theory up to second order in energy
applications.  3. Atomic structure and
spectroscopy term symbols many-electron systems
and anti-symmetry principle.  4. Chemical bonding
in diatomics elementary concepts of MO and VB
theories Huckel theory for conjugated p-electron
systems.  5. Chemical applications of group
theory symmetry elements point groups
character tables selection rules. 6. Molecular
spectroscopy Rotational and vibrational spectra
of diatomic molecules electronic spectra IR and
Raman activities- selection rules basic
principles of magnetic resonance.  7. Chemical
thermodynamics Laws, state and path functions
and their applications thermodynamic description
of various types of processes Maxwell's
relations spontaneity and equilibria
temperature and pressure dependence of
thermodynamic quantities Le Chatelier principle
elementary description of phase transitions
phase equilibria and phase rule thermodynamics
of ideal and non-ideal gases, and solutions. 
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8. Statistical thermodynamics Boltzmann
distribution kinetic theory of gases partition
functions and their relation to thermodynamic
quantities - calculations for model systems.  9.
Electrochemistry Nernst equation, redox systems,
electrochemical cells DebyeHuckel theory
electrolytic conductance -  Kohlrausch's law and
its applications ionic equilibria
conductometric and potentiometric
titrations.  10. Chemical kinetics Empirical
rate laws and temperature dependence complex
reactions steady state approximation
determination of reaction mechanisms collision
and transition state theories of rate constants
unimolecular reactions enzyme kinetics salt
effects homogeneous catalysis photochemical
reactions.  11. Colloids and surfaces Stability
and properties of colloids isotherms and surface
area heterogeneous catalysis.  12. Solid state
Crystal structures Bragg's law and applications
band structure of solids.  13. Polymer chemistry
Molar masses kinetics of polymerization.  14.
Data analysis Mean and standard deviation
absolute and relative errors linear regression
covariance and correlation coefficient.
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7) Organic Chemistry
1. IUPAC nomenclature of organic molecules
including regio- and stereoisomers.  2.
Principles of stereochemistry Configurational
and conformational isomerism in acyclic and
cyclic compounds stereogenicity,
stereoselectivity, enantioselectivity,
diastereoselectivity and asymmetric
induction.  3. Aromaticity Benzenoid and
non-benzenoid compounds - generation and
reactions.  4. Organic reactive intermediates
Generation, stability and reactivity of
carbocations, carbanions, free radicals,
carbenes, benzynes and nitrenes. 5. Organic
reaction mechanisms involving addition,
elimination and substitution reactions with
electrophilic, nucleophilic or radical species.
Determination of reaction pathways.  6. Common
named reactions and rearrangements - applications
in organic synthesis.  7. Organic transformations
and reagents Functional group interconversion
including oxidations and reductions common
catalysts and reagents (organic, inorganic,
organometallic and enzymatic). Chemo, regio and
stereoselective transformations. 
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8. Concepts in organic synthesis Retrosynthesis,
disconnection, synthons, linear and convergent
synthesis, umpolung of reactivity and protecting
groups.  9. Asymmetric synthesis Chiral
auxiliaries, methods of asymmetric induction -
substrate, reagent and catalyst controlled
reactions determination of enantiomeric and
diastereomeric excess enantio-discrimination.
Resolution - optical and kinetic.  10. Pericyclic
reactions - electrocyclization, cycloaddition,
sigmatropic rearrangements and other related
concerted reactions. Principles and applications
of photochemical reactions in organic
chemistry.  11. Synthesis and reactivity of
common heterocyclic compounds containing one or
two hetero atoms (O, N, S).  12. Chemistry of
natural products Carbohydrates, proteins and
peptides, fatty acids, nucleic acids, terpenes,
steroids and alkaloids. Biogenesis of terpenoids
and alkaloids.  13. Structure determination of
organic compounds by IR, UV-Vis, 1 H 13 C NMR
and Mass spectroscopic techniques.
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8) Interdisciplinary topics
1. Chemistry in nanoscience and technology. 2.
Catalysis and green chemistry. 3. Medicinal
chemistry. 4. Supramolecular chemistry. 5.
Environmental chemistry.
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9) PREPARATION (OR) PLAN OF ACTION FOR CSIR UGC
NET EXAM
Most common question asked by students is "What
should be the plan of action to crack CSIR NET
exam?" or "How should I prepare for this
exam". My sincere, but very simple, suggestion
is to read standard textbooks (see the list
of suggested textbooks) and solve old question
papers of CSIR, GATE, IISc etc. If you are
already done with reading lots of classroom notes
and other textbooks then start with solving old
question papers. This is the best way to crack
any exam. What should be the plan of
action? For Part-A, one can go through books on
General Aptitude and Logical Reasoning. For Part-
B, you need to be thorough in all the areas of
chemistry from 102 level to undergraduate
level. Everything is important here. For Part-C,
choose any area of chemical sciences i.e, either
organic or inorganic or physical, depending on
your taste and  specialization at PG level.
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Always choose right books and solve the previous
question papers in a logical manner. Few pupil
are also asking for important topics/books,
mostly for Paper-C. Following is a possible
combination of topics/books you can choose.
IF YOU STILL HAVE QUESTIONS RELATED TO
PREPARATION PLEASE GO THROUGH THE FREQUENTLY
ASKED QUESTIONS SECTION.
  Paper-A Paper-B Paper-C
Combination-1 Books on General Aptitude logical reasoning 102 NCERT Chemistry textbooks  undergraduate level chemistry books Organic Books 
Combination-2 -----do------ -----do------ Inorganic Books
Combination-3 -----do------ -----do------ Physical Books
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10) SUGGESTED BOOKS FOR CSIR UGC NET GATE
CHEMICAL SCIENCES
The best suggestion to crack any exam is to go
through the textbooks written by authorities in
the respective fields. Following is a list of
textbooks in different areas of chemical
sciences. Actual list is very vast. However, it
is better to go through only few books that are
followed by professors at our universities and
IITs.
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11) INORGANIC CHEMISTRY BOOKS
1) Inorganic chemistry by Shriver Atkins
(Suggested by most of Indian Institutues of
Technology. Solve the exercises given inside and
at the end of each chapter to master this
subject.) 2) Inorganic chemistry by Catherine E.
Housecroft (Another favorite of IIT professors.
The NCERT chemistry textbooks have the material
referenced from this book.) 3) Inorganic
chemistry by Miessler (I like this book for its
simple and straight forward explanation.) 4)
Inorganic chemistry Principles of structure and
reactivity by James E. Huheey (You will start
appreciating inorganic chemistry after reading
this book. I enjoyed and learned a lot from this
fantastic text book.) 5) Advanced inorganic
chemistry by F. Albert Cotton Geoffrey
Wilkinson (Must for an inorganic chemist. But you
need lots of patience to feel like a Jargon.) 6)
The organometallic chemistry of the transition
metals by Robert H. Crabtree 7) NMR, NQR, EPR
MOSSBAUER Spectroscopy in inorganic chemistry by
R.V.Parish 8) Biological inorganic chemistry An
introduction by Robert R.Chrichton 9)
Bioinorganic chemistry A short course by Rosette
M. Roat-Malone.
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12) ORGANIC CHEMISTRY BOOKS
1) Organic chemistry by Clayden, Greeves, Warren
Wothers (I think already you know about this
famous book. Not only written in a lucid manner
and is very important for those who dare to
attempt organic questions from part C of CSIR NET
exam. Most of the previous organic questions are
straightly from this book. Just enjoy reading
this book and earn easy points.) 2) Modern
methods of organic synthesis by William
Carruthers Iain Coldham (Refer this book for
advanced organic synthesis. Another book from
which most of the organic questions are dumped
into the exam.) 3) Advanced organic chemistry by
J March (A must reference book). 4) Pericyclic
reactions by Ian Fleming. 5) Modern organic
synthesis An introduction by Michael H. Nantz
(Book with straight forward explanations) 6)
Spectrometric identification of organic compounds
by Robert M. Silverstein. 7) Introduction to
organic photochemistry by John D. Coyle. 8)
Advanced organic chemistry (Part A B) by
Francis A. Carey Richard J. Sundberg (Great
reference book for organic synthesis). 9) Named
organic reactions by Thomas laue Andreas
Plagens.
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13) PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY BOOKS
1) Physical chemistry by P.W. Atkins Julio De
Paula (Read the book. Solve the exercises
problems given. That is sufficient.) 2) Physical
chemistry by Ira N. Levine 3)physical chemistry
by puri sharma 4) Physical chemistry by Robert G.
Mortimer
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Man labelling himself as the Hindu , Christian ,
Muslim is not the chief thing . His living an
exalted life is all in all. by
Swami Vivekananda .