Bursitis (Swelling of the bursa): Causes, treatment and prevention

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BURSITIS(Swelling of the bursa)

• CAUSES SYMPTOMS TREATMENT

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INTRODUCTION TO BURSITIS

• Bursitis is the inflammation or irritation of the
  bursa.Bursa is a small sac filled with
  lubricating fluid, located between tissues such
  as bone, muscle, tendons, and skin.Bursae help
  to decrease friction, rubbing and irritation and
  help your joints move with ease. There are more
  than 150 bursae in your body. Bursitis occurs
  when a bursa becomes inflamed this results in
  pain and discomfort. The pain may be gradual
  (building up over time) or may be sudden and
  severe (especially if calcium deposits are
  present). 

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CAUSES OF BURSITIS

• Bursitis is most often caused by repetitive
  motions (i.e., overuse) or direct, minor impact
  on the area (such as from such activities as
  repeated bumping or prolonged pressure from
  kneeling).
• Play or work activities that cause overuse or
  injury to the joint areas such as gardening,
  raking, carpentry, shovelling, painting,
  scrubbing or sports
• Incorrect posture injury
• Stress on the soft tissues from an abnormal or
  poorly positioned joint or bone (such as leg
  length differences or arthritis in a joint)
• Other diseases or conditions (rheumatoid
  arthritis, gout, psoriasis, thyroid disease or an
  unusual drug reaction) and rarely, from infection

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HOW BURSITIS IS TREATED?

• Treatment goals include reduction in pain and
  inflammation, as well as preserving mobility and
  preventing disability and recurrence. Treatment
  recommendations may include a combination of
  rest, splints, heat and cold application. More
  advanced treatment options include
• Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as
  ibuprofen or naproxen
• Corticosteroid injections given by your doctor.
  Injections work quickly to decrease the
  inflammation and pain.
• Physical therapy that includes range of motion
  exercises and splinting. This can be very
  beneficial
• Surgery, when other treatments are not effective

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WHEN SHOULD YOU SEEK MEDICAL ASSISTANCE?

• Most cases of bursitis improve without any
  treatment over a few weeks. See your doctor if
  you have any of the following signs or symptoms 
• You experience pain that interferes with your
  normal day-to-day activities or have soreness
  that doesn't improve despite self-care measures
• You have recurrence of bursitis
• You have a fever or the area affected appears
  red, swollen or warm
• In addition, see your doctor if you have other
  medical conditions that may increase your risk of
  an infection, or if you take medications that
  increase your risk of infection, such as
  corticosteroids. 

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What are the preventive options for bursitis?

• Underlying conditions such as leg length
  differences, improper posture or poor technique
  in sports or work must be corrected. Some
  positions, such as kneeling and sitting,
  significantly increased joint pressure. 
• Apply these basic rules when performing
  activities 
• Take it slow at first and gradually build up your
  activity level
• Use limited force and limited repetitions
• Stop if unusual pain occurs
• Use cushions and pads to reduce pressure

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