Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Comprehensive Case Study

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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease better
known as COPD is a chronic obstructive disease of
the lungs due to which the victims complain of
chronically poor airflow. Most of the smokers
suffer from this disease. Although it is not
reversible, with proper care and management it
can be kept in control for a long time.
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In Australia, it is estimated that lung diseases
account for at least 10 percent of the total
number of diseases and lung cancer represents 40
percent of the deaths annually. Lung cancer and
COPD are popular among older Australians. Lung
diseases and respiratory problems constituted
1.26 percent of the total population in 2011-12.
During that time, almost 65,224 persons were
admitted to hospital which constituted about .70
percent of all hospitalization cases.
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• The COPD Awareness Day on November 19 attempts to
  raise awareness regarding COPD and what can be
  done in order to prevent it. The theme for 2014
  is early detection and prevention of COPD. In
  this article, we take a close look at the
  disease, its symptoms and its treatment.
• What is COPD?
• As the name suggests, it is a chronic disease
  (i.e. a disease that is persistent over a longer
  period of time) of the lungs which is
  characterized by obstructive airflow. It is
  sometimes known as chronic obstructive lung
  disease or chronic obstructive airway disease.

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Explaining COPD

• To explain COPD, we must first understand how our
  lungs function. The air that we breathe in passes
  through our windpipes called bronchial tubes or
  airways. They, then branch out into smaller and
  thinner tubes called bronchioles. These tubes are
  attached to small air sacs called alveoli. Oxygen
  passes through the walls of the air sacs into the
  blood while carbon dioxide moves from the blood
  to the air sacs. This is called gas exchange.
  Sometimes the air sacs lose their elasticity due
  to smoking and pollution. Further airways may be
  filled with mucus and the walls of the airways
  may be inflamed. All these lead to reduced gas
  exchange. When this happens, the person concerned
  complains of difficulty in breathing. This
  condition is called COPD.

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