How Does Wheel Alignment Work

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How Does Wheel Alignment Work?
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Camber

• Camber refers to bend inward or outward of the
  tire. Completely vertical tire has no camber, or
  zero degrees camber. One which protrudes at the
  top has a certain degree of positive fit, while
  the one which tilts inwardly inclined downward.
  Negative camber helps keep your tires planted at
  the turn, but reduces the braking and
  acceleration and stability at high speed.
  Positive camber - outward tilt - has no real
  advantages in terms of handling, braking,
  acceleration or stability. Excess negative camber
  make your tires wear faster than the inside of
  the outer edge, and a positive camber will be
  discharged faster at the outer edge.

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Caster

• Imagine looking at the rim side and then draw an
  imaginary line from the top of the ball joint
  through the lower joint all the way to the
  ground. Now imagine a vertical line is completely
  straight through the center of the wheel. You
  will see that a line drawn through the ball
  joints hits the ground, just in front of the
  vertical line. The ball joint line is your
  wheel's pivot axis, while the vertical line,
  which applies the tire force. The greater the
  distance between the pivot line and the vertical
  line - the more advance angle - the harder the
  wheel would attempt to center during rotation.
  More advancing angle is greater steering effort,
  but the result is increased speed stability and
  better steering precision and feedback.

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Toe Angle

• Imagine standing on the hood of your car's
  windscreen with your body forward, your eyes
  looking down at the wheels. If you could see the
  tires through the fenders, you understand that
  you probably do not indicate on the front or
  good angle to each other in the front or at a
  distance from each other. If the wheels point to
  another in a state of convergence that will
  always try to pull the car to the center. This
  increases stability at high speed, but painful
  treatment response. Toe-out can help make the car
  more flexible, but can also make it a bit
  twitchy. Zero toe, or completely parallel
  adjustment, improves fuel efficiency and tire
  life, because the tires are not moving sideways -
  known as scrubbing - as you drive down the road.

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