solar system

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Our Solar system
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Mercury

• Mercury , is the closest planet to the sun , is
  also the smallest planet in the solar system .Its
  diameter is just less than the diameter of the
  earth.
• Mercury completes one revolution around the sun
  in only 88 days mercury take 58 days to complete
  one rotation on its axis .
• During the day , Mercury s temperature goes
  above 400C due to its proximity to the sun. At
  night the temperature drops down to 175C as
  mercury loses all its heat because it has almost
  no atmosphere to drop the sun s.
• Mercury has no moon.

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Mercury Statistics Mercury Statistics

Equatorial radius (km) 2,439.7
Mean distance from the Sun (km) 57,910,000
Mean distance from the Sun (Earth 1) 0.3871
Rotational period (days) 58.6462
Orbital period (days) 87.969
Mean surface temperature 179C
Maximum surface temperature 427C
Minimum surface temperature -173C
Atmospheric composition Helium Sodium Oxygen Other 42 42 15 1
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Venus

• Venus is the second closest planet to the sun.
  Viewed from earth it is the brightest of the
  planets. In fact if you know where to look it is
  possible to see it in broad daylight. At night it
  is bright enough to cast shadows. It's brightness
  is due to two things. Firstly it is quite close
  to earth compared to the other planets. Secondly
  it is highly reflective and a lot of sunlight
  bounces off the planet.
• Venus has no moon

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Venus Statistics Venus Statistics

Equatorial radius (km) 6,051.8
Equatorial radius (Earth 1) .94886
Mean distance from the Sun (km) 108,200,000
Mean distance from the Sun (Earth 0.7233
Rotational period (days) -243.0187
Orbital period (days) 224.701
Mean surface temperature 482C
Atmospheric pressure (bars) 92
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Atmospheric composition Carbon dioxide Nitrogen Trace amounts of Sulfur dioxide, water vapor, carbon monoxide, argon, helium, neon, hydrogen chloride, and hydrogen fluoride. 96 3
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Earth

• Earth is a small, rocky planet which supports a
  variety of life! As far as we know, Earth is
  unique from all other planets in this respect.
• B. Temperatures at the Earth's center may be
  as high as 7500 K - That's hotter than the
  surface of the Sun!
• C. The Earth is the densest major body in the
  solar system. This means that it's the most
  "compact" of all the planets. For example, you
  have two loaves of bread, both of the same
  amount. You smash one loaf of bread flat. Even
  though both loaves are of the same amount, the
  smashed bread is denser because it is more
  compact.
• D. The Earth is 4.5 to 4.6 billion years old,
  but the oldest known rocks are less than 4
  billion years old. Rocks older than 3 billion
  years are rare. The oldest fossils of living
  organisms are less than 3.9 billion years old!
• E. The Earth has one moon.

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The 1 moon of earth
Luna
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Our moon

• Most of the moons found in the solar system are
  very small in comparison to the planet they
  orbit. However the earth's moon is large in
  comparison (about one third the size of the
  earth) and many astronomers consider the
  earth-moon system to be a double planet.
• The moon orbits the earth every 27.5 days and its
  rotation time is the same so we always see the
  same side of the moon facing us. The first time
  mankind ever got a view of the dark side of the
  moon was when the Luna 3 space probe sent back
  photos in 1959.
• When looking at the moon with the unaided eye,
  two types of terrain can be seen. The lighter
  areas are the mountainous regions. These are
  known as the 'highlands'. The darker areas are
  the 'mare' regions. These are flat low lying
  regions. 'Mare' is the latin word for sea and at
  first it was thought that the darker areas of the
  surface were lunar oceans. They are actually
  large basins that filled up with lava which
  pushed its way to the surface 3 to 4 billion
  years ago.

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Moon Statistics Moon Statistics

Equatorial radius (km) 1,737.4
Mean distance from Earth (km) 384,400
Rotational period (days) 27.32166
Orbital period (days) 27.32166
Average length of lunar day (days) 29.53059
Mean surface temperature (day) 107C
Mean surface temperature (night) -153C
Maximum surface temperature 123C
Minimum surface temperature -233C
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Mars

• Mars is the last of the rocky inner planets. When
  seen in the night's sky Mars has a reddish colour
  and to the Roman's this fiery planet was the
  bringer of war.
• Mars has probably caught the human imagination
  more than any other planet. In the 1870s it was
  incorrectly reported that canals had been
  observed on the Martian surface. Since then there
  has been much speculation about life on Mars

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Mars Statistics Mars Statistics

Equatorial radius (km) 3,397.2
Equatorial radius (Earth 1) 5.3264e-01
Mean distance from the Sun (km) 227,940,000
Mean distance from the Sun (Earth 1) 1.5237
Rotational period (hours) 24.6229
Rotational period (days) 1.025957
Orbital period (days) 686.98
Minimum surface temperature -140C
Mean surface temperature -63C
Maximum surface temperature 20C
Atmospheric pressure (bars) 0.007
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Atmospheric composition Carbon Dioxide (C02) Nitrogen (N2) Argon (Ar) Oxygen (O2) Carbon Monoxide (CO) Water (H2O) Neon (Ne) Krypton (Kr) Xenon (Xe) Ozone (O3) 95.32 2.7 1.6 0.13 0.07 0.03 0.00025 0.00003 0.000008 0.000003
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The 2 moon of mars
Deimos Phobos
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Asteroid note

• Asteroids are chunks of rock and metal that orbit
  around the Sun. Scientists think that they are
  loose material that never formed into planets.
• The Main Asteroid Belt is located between Mars
  and Jupiter.
• The total mass of all the asteroids is less than
  that of the Moon.
• There are 26 known asteroids larger than 200 km
  across. We probably know 99 of the asteroids
  larger than 100 km across. We've cataloged about
  half of the asteroids in the 10 km to 100 km size
  range. Scientists still don't know much about the
  smaller ones. It's thought there may be as many
  as a million 1 km sized asteroids may exist.

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Jupiter

• The fifth (5th) planet from the sun, Jupiter is
  huge and is the most massive planet in our solar
  system. Its a mostly gaseous world, mostly
  hydrogen and helium. Its swirling clouds are
  colorful due to different types of trace gases. A
  big feature is the Great Red Spot, a giant storm
  which has raged for hundreds of years. Jupiter
  has a strong magnetic field, and with dozens of
  moons, it looks a bit like a miniature solar
  system.

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Jupiter Statistics Jupiter Statistics

Equatorial radius (km) 71,492
Mean distance from the Sun (km) 778,330,000
Mean distance from the Sun (Earth 1) 5.2028
Rotational period (days) 0.41354
Orbital period (days) 4332.71
Mean cloud temperature -121C
0.7
Atmospheric pressure (bars 90 10
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Some moons of Jupiter
Callisto Europa Ganymede Io Thebe Elara
Amaltea Callirrhoe Leda Lysithea Metis Themisto
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SATURAN

• The sixth (6th) planet from the sun is known most
  for its rings. When Galileo Galilei first studied
  Saturn in the early 1600s, he thought it was an
  object with three parts. Not knowing he was
  seeing a planet with rings, the stumped
  astronomer entered a small drawing a symbol
  with one large circle and two smaller ones in
  his notebook, as a noun in a sentence describing
  his discovery. More than 40 years later,
  Christiaan Huygens proposed that they were rings.
  The rings are made of ice and rock. Scientists
  are not yet sure how they formed. The gaseous
  planet is mostly hydrogen and helium. It has
  numerous moons.

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Saturn Statistics Saturn Statistics

Equatorial radius (km) 60,268
Mean distance from the Sun (km) 1,429,400,000
Mean distance from the Sun (Earth 1) 9.5388
Rotational period (hours) 10.233
Orbital period (years) 29.458
Mean cloud temperature -125C

Atmospheric composition Hydrogen Helium 97 3
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Some moons of Saturan
Atlas Calypos Dione Enceladus Hyperion Helene Iapetus
Pan Methone Mimas Titan Janus Rhea Phoebe
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Uranus

• The seventh (7th) planet from the sun, Uranus is
  an oddball. Its the only giant planet whose
  equator is nearly at right angles to its orbit
  it basically orbits on its side. Astronomers
  think the planet collided with some other
  planet-sized object long ago, causing the tilt.
  The tilt causes extreme seasons that last 20
  years, and the sun beats down on one pole or the
  other for 84 Earth-years. Uranus is about the
  same size as Neptune. Methane in the atmosphere
  gives Uranus its blue-green tint. It has numerous
  moons and faint rings.Discovery 1781 by William
  Herschel (was thought previously to be a
  star)Named for Personification of heaven in
  ancient myth

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Uranus Statistics Uranus Statistics

Equatorial radius (km) 25,559
Mean distance from the Sun (km) 2,870,990,000
Mean distance from the Sun (Earth 1) 19.1914
Rotational period (hours) -17.9
Orbital period (years) 84.01
Mean cloud temperature -193C
Atmospheric pressure (bars) 1.2
Atmospheric composition Hydrogen Helium Methane 83 15 2
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Some moons of Uranus
Oberon Miranda Titania Umbrie
Puck Ariel Ferdinand Bianca
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Neptune

• The eighth (8th) planet from the sun, Neptune is
  known for strong winds sometimes faster than
  the speed of sound. Neptune is far out and cold.
  The planet is more than 30 times as far from the
  sun as Earth. It has a rocky core. Neptune was
  the first planet to be predicted to exist by
  using math, before it was detected.
  Irregularities in the orbit of Uranus led French
  astronomer Alexis Bouvard to suggest some other
  might be exerting a gravitational tug. German
  astronomer Johann Galle used calculations to help
  find Neptune in a telescope. Neptune is about 17
  times as massive as Earth

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Neptune Statistics Neptune Statistics

Equatorial radius (km) 24,746
Mean distance from the Sun (km) 4,504,300,000
Mean distance from the Sun (Earth 1) 30.0611
Rotational period (hours) 16.11
Orbital period (years) 164.79
Mean cloud temperature -193 to -153C
Atmospheric pressure (bars) 1-3
Atmospheric composition Hydrogen Helium Methane 85 13 2
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Some moons of Neptune
Triton Proteus Nereid Sao Iarissa Naiad
Galatea Psamathe Halimede Despina
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Pluto

• The ninth (9th) planet from thee sun well
  Pluto is unlike other planets in many respects.
  It is smaller than our moon. Its orbit carries
  inside the orbit of Neptune and the way out
  beyond that orbit. From 1979 until early 1999,
  Pluto had actually been the eighth planet from
  the sun. Then, on Feb. 11, 1999, it crossed
  Neptune's path and once again became the solar
  system's most distant planet until it was
  demoted to dwarf planet status. Pluto will stay
  beyond Neptune for 228 years. Plutos orbit is
  tilted to the main plane of the solar system
  where the other planets orbit by 17.1 degrees.
  Its a cold, rocky world with only a very
  ephemeral atmosphere.Discovery 1930 by Clyde
  TombaughNamed for Roman god of the underworld,
  HadesDiameter 1,430 miles (2,301
  kilometers)Orbit 248 Earth yearsDay 6.4 Earth
  days

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Pluto Statistics Pluto Statistics

Equatorial radius (km) 1,160
Mean distance from the Sun (km) 5,913,520,000
Mean distance from the Sun (Earth 1)) 39.5294
Rotational period (days) -6.3872
Orbital period (years) 248.54
Atmospheric composition Methane Nitrogen 0.3
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moons of Ploto
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