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leather 2

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Untrustworthy systems may be rejected by their users • System failure costs may be very high • It is very difficult to tune systems to make them more dependable • It may be possible to compensate for poor performance • Untrustworthy systems may cause loss of valuable information • Dependability costs tend to increase exponentially as increasing levels of dependability are required • There are two reasons for this • The use of more expensive development techniques and hardware that are required to achieve the higher levels of dependability • The increased testing and system validation that is required to convince the system client that the required levels of dependability have been achieved – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: leather 2


1
Leather Industry in India
  • Leather Industry occupies a place of prominence
    in the Indian economy in view of its massive
    potential for employment, growth and exports.
    There has been increasing emphasis on its planned
    development, aimed at optimum utilization of
    available raw materials for maximizing the
    returns, particularly from exports. The leather
    industrial sector comprises of.

2
Leather Industry in India
  • a)tanneries (where raw hides and skins are
    converted into leather)
  • b)factories transforming leather into a variety
    of consumer products such as footwear, garments
    and outerwear, and assorted leather goods such as
    wallets, passport cases, key chains, handbags and
    brief and the leather is provide by
    leatherfitters.com

3
Leather Industry in India
4
The leather Indian tanning industry
  • More than 95 of the tanneries in India have
    pollution control devices. The clustered
    manufacturing has resulted in common effluent
    treatment plants. There are 19 common effluent
    treatment plants are operational in India and out
    of which 14 are operational in Tamil Nadu. More
    than 150 individual effluent treatment plants are
    operational in isolated tanneries and locations
    where the common facilities are not possible and
    the leather Indian tanning industry.

5
The leather Indian tanning industry
  • In Tamil Nadu alone about Rs.225 cores (US 56.25
    million) have been invested in pollution control
    devices since 1996
  • In order to comply with recent legal compliance,
    the tanneries in Tamil Nadu have to meet zero
    liquid discharge norms, being this norm is not
    applicable even in industrialized countries. This
    will result in increased product cost of about
    12 over the cost of other tannery centers within
    India or outside India.

6
The leather Indian tanning industry
  • In order to meet the additional expenditure,
    Government of India is
  • assisting the common effluent treatment plants by
    capital grants up to 75 of investment cost which
    will meet the recent legal requirement. Under
    this programmed, project with Government grant up
    to Rs.1000 millions are being implemented. For
    the remaining productioncentres in Tamil Nadu,
    project proposals have been submitted to
    Government with an project outlay of Rs.3000
    millions.
  • Or leather is provide by leatherfitters.com

7
The leather Indian tanning industry
8
SIGNIFICANCE OF LEATHER INDUSTRY IN INDIA
  • The Indian leather industry holds a significant
    position in the Indian economy in terms of high
    potential shown for employment, growth and
    exports. It is estimated that the industry
    employs around 2.5million work force directly or
    indirectly and 30 of the workforce are women.
    The skilled and semi-skilled workers constitute
    nearly 50 of the total work force. The graph
    below shows the percentage wise workforce
    employed in different segments of the industry

9
SIGNIFICANCE OF LEATHER INDUSTRY IN INDIA
10
SIGNIFICANCE OF LEATHER INDUSTRY IN INDIA
  • It is among stone of the industries in which
    India has abundance of raw material(India is
    endowed with 21 of world cattle buffalo and
    11 of the world goat sheep population),
    adequately skilled manpower and technology, apart
    from compliance with all international
    environmental standards and support from
    associated industries. Since the last three
    decade the Indian leather industry has undergone
    a significant structural change, from being
    merely an exporter for raw materials during
    1960s to a preferred supplier of value added
    products, the industry is now one of the top ten
    foreign exchange earners for the country.

11
ONICRAS OUTLOOKON SMEsIN LEATHER INDUSTRY
  • TheIndianleatherindustryhasasignificantshareintheo
    verallexportsofthecountry.SMEs are the most
    important segment of this industry and close to
    80 per cent of the business of this industry
    comes from them. India is the second largest
    producer of footwear and leather garments in the
    world. Apart from the exports, Indias domestic
    market for leather and footwear products is also
    very lucrative

12
ONICRAS OUTLOOKON SMEsIN LEATHER INDUSTRY
13
Leather Industry Network
  • An ideal leather industry network would comprise
    of the following
  • Livestock (Cattle, Buffalo, Goat)
  • Slaughter houses
  • Raw Hide/Skin Collection
  • Tanning Industry
  • Leather Industry
  • Other Allied Industries
  • Export Market

14
Leather Industry Network
  • The other small industries that can co-exist
    within this network are the glue and manure
    manufacturing industries that utilize the bones
    and discarded organs of the slaughtered animals
    respectively. Besides, operating in close
    co-operation with the slaughter houses are
    corporations that have built their services and
    products around the meat-consuming market -
    processors of meat into various forms of fast
    food, processed meat transporters, deep freezer
    manufacturers, cattle feed 'enhancers', drug
    manufacturers who sell 'meat growth hormones' and
    antibiotics for cattle and even agribusiness'
    banks that will give loans only for cattle
    'producing'. Not to forget the fast-growing
    biotech industry.

15
Leather Industry Network
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