air pollution monitoring

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AIR POLLUTION MONITORING USING ZIGBEE BASED
WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKANNAMACHARYA INSTITUTE OF
TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCES

• By
• V. Rajani
• 13701A0486
• ECE-B

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CONTENTS

• Introduction
• Air pollution monitoring system
• Block diagram
• Sensors
• Op Amp
• ARM Processor
• zigbee
• Threshold values
• Advantages
• Applications
• Conclusion

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INTRODUCTION

• With fast development of industrialisation and
  urbanization pollution become more common.
• Air pollution is presence of contaminants or
  pollutant substances that effect human health.
• If we know the quantity of pollutant, then proper
  precautions can be taken to minimize the
  pollution levels in air.

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AIR POLLUTION MONITORING SYSTEM

• One of the major application of wireless sensor
  network.
• It is used for understanding the status of air
  pollution on the remote place.
• It supports sensor data abstraction.

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BLOCK DIAGRAM
LCD
CO2 Sensor
ARM7 LPC 2148
OP Amp
ADC
CO Sensor
Zigbee Transmitter
Zigbee receiver
PC
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CO SENSOR

• Detects the presence of carbon
• monoxide in the air.
• MQ-7 can detect CO gas from 20 to
• 2000 ppm.

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CO2 SENSOR

• Instrument used to measure carbon
  
  
• dioxide gas.
• Principles are infrared gas sensor
  
• (NDIR) and chemical gas sensor.

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OP AMP

• ST OP Amps TSU10 series nano
• amplifier ,TV711,TS731 high precision
• op amps are used.
• Their low supply voltage and ultra low
• power consumption make them a
• perfect for safety detectors operating in
• toxic enironments.

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ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTER

• Converts continuous physical quantity
• to digital number.
• In air pollution monitoring, ADC
• converts analog voltage received from
• op-amp to digital number.

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ARM PROCESSOR (LPC 2148)

• The ARM7TDMI-S is a 32 bit
• microprocessor.
• It provides high performance.
• Very low power use.
• ARM architecture is based on RISC
• principles.
• Uses architectural strategy known as
• THUMB.

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LCD DISPLAY

• LCDs have materials which combine
• properties of liquids and crystals.
• 16x2 LCD display is used to monitor the air
• pollution.

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ZIGBEE

• Zigbee is a new wireless technology
• Technological standard created for
• control and sensor network.
• High level communication.
• Frequency band upto 2.4GHz.

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ZIGBEE MODULES

• Zigbee modules are used as transmitter and
  receiver.
• zigbee transceiver module transmits the data from
  the arm processor
• At the receiver end this .Net windowsform
  application acquires the data from the receiver
  end zigbee transeiver module.

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FEATURES OF ZIGBEE

• Low power consumption
• Long battery life
• Low cost
• Easy implementation
• Fast and reliable communication
• Easy to use

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RS 232 CABLE

• RS-232 is the serial connection found on
• IBM-compatible PCs.
• It is limited to point to point connection
• between PC serial ports and devices.

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FRONT END APPLICATION

• Developed in .Net to acquire
• transmitted air pollution data.
• This application reads the data via
• selected port.
• The acquired data is made to store in
• text filealong with date and time.

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THRESHOLD VALUES

• CO 200 PPM
• CO2 400 PPM
• When the levels of CO and CO2 in air crosses
  these threshold values it becomes harmful for
  people causing various diseases

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ADVANTAGES

• Sensors are easily available
• Simple drive circuit.
• Visual output.
• Continous update of change in percentage of
  quality.
• DISADVANTAGES
• Accurate values can not be measured in toxic
  environment.

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APPLICATIONS

• Road side pollution monitoring.
• Industrial perimeter monitoring.
• Indoor air quality monitoring.

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CONCLUSION

• The wireless air pollution
  monitoring system provides real time information
  about the level pollution, as well as provides an
  alert in case of drastic change in quality of
  air. This information can then be used by
  authorities to take prompt actions.

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REFERENCES

• The design space of wireless sensor networks,
  Wireless Communications, IEEE (Volume 11,Issue
  6).
• International Journal of Electronics and
  Communication Engineering Technology (IJECET)
• IAEME- www.iaeme.com/ijecet.asp

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