Stem cells journal

1
International Journal of Stem Cell Research and
Transplantation IJSThttp//scidoc.org/IJST.php
ISSN-2328-3548
2

• Article Name
• Investigating Cell Surface Markers and
  Differentiation Potential of Compact Bone-Derived
  Mesenchymal Stem Cells
• This study was conducted to investigate
  the surface antigen expression and multilineage
  stem cell potential of the cells derived from
  culture of collagenase digested marrow-free
  compact bones of C57BL/6 mouse. Long bones of
  C57BL/6 mouse (n6) were collected aseptically
  and bone marrow was flushed out.
  Collagenase-digested bone fragments were washed
  and cultured in plastic flasks. The
  plastic-adherent fibroblast-like spindle-shaped
  cells were cultured sequentially in multiple
  passages in low-glucose DMEM (Dulbeccos Modified
  Eagles Medium) supplemented with 15 FBS (Foetal
  Bovine Serum) and antibiotics in a 37C incubator
  with 5 co2. Immunophenotyping for cell surface
  markers was done using flow cytometry. The cells
  were differentiated into the osteoblastic,
  adipogenic and chondrogenic lineages. The culture
  of the adherent cells exhibited active
  proliferation and multiplication in consequent
  passages. The cultured cells revealed evidence of
  adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation
  confirmed by staining with oil red O and von
  Kossa stains. Under flow cytometry observation, a
  significant proportion of cultured cells
  expressed CD29 and stem cell antigen (Sca-1).
  Only 9.8 cells showed expression of CD105. These
  MSCs exhibited low ability in chondrogenic
  differentiation, which can potentially be
  attributed to their lack of CD105 expression.
  Lack of expression of CD45 showed evidence of
  absence of hematopoietic stem cells. This study
  showed that murine compact bone-chip culture can
  yield MSCs with significant proliferation
  capacity. The cells displayed the ability to
  differentiate into osteoblast and adipocyte
  lineages.
• Link http//scidoc.org/IJST-2328-3548-03-101
  .php
• Article Name
• Cancer Stem- Like Cells in Melanoma
  Progression, Resistance and Recurrence
  Significance for melanoma Treatment
• Human malignant melanoma is a highly
  aggressive tumor which demonstrates heterogeneity
  and a propensity to drug resistance. Despite
  improved treatment options, patients with
  advanced malignant melanoma continue have a poor
  prognosis as measured by progression-free and
  overall survival. The cancer stem-like cell (CSC)
  hypothesis suggests that neoplastic clones are
  maintained by a small fraction of cells with stem
  cell properties. As has been demonstrated with
  other tumor types, melanoma progression,
  resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy, and
  recurrence can be attributed to a small fraction
  of cells termed melanoma stem-like cells (MSCs).
  These MSCs are characterized by a distinct
  protein patterns and aberrant signaling pathways,
  which are either in a causal or consequential
  relationship to tumor progression, drug
  resistance and recurrence. This review focuses on
  the mechanistic role of MSCs leading to tumor
  progression and metastasis, resistance and
  recurrence. Understanding the molecular
  mechanisms underlying MSCs migration, invasion,
  resistance to standard treatments, and recurrence
  may help to improve current therapeutic
  modalities and/or pave the way for the
  development of new therapeutical management
  strategy for tumor treatment.
• Link http//scidoc.org/IJST-2328-3548-02-401.
  php

3

• Article Name
• Obtaining Mesenchymal Stem Cells From Adipose
  Tissue Of Murin Origin Experimental Study
• The aim of this study was to isolate
  and characterize rat Adipose Derived Mesenchymal
  Stem Cells (AD-MSCs) in order to evaluate their
  proliferative potential and their ability to
  differentiate in different cell types. AD-MSCs
  and Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BM-MSCs) have
  the same characteristics in terms of plasticity.
  The advantage of adipose tissue is that it is an
  easier accessible source and it offers a large
  amount of MSCs by less invasive surgical
  tecniques. MSCs were obtained from subcutaneous
  adipose tissue of Wistar rats. First of all
  microbiological controls were made to exclude the
  presence of bacteria or fungi in the tissue.
  Adipose tissue was mechanically and enzimatically
  fragmented and stomal cell fraction was seeded in
  adherent culture flasks in DMEM 20 FBS. After
  48h the medium was replaced. Cells were
• characterized by evaluating1) their
  ability to adhere to the plastic2) the
  clonogenic potential by Colony Forming Unit (CFU)
  assay3) their ability to differentiate in 3
  mesodermal lineages (adipocytes, osteocytes and
  chondrocytes).
• AD-MSCs are able to differentiate in
  adipocytes, osteocytes and chondrocytes as
  confirmed by Oil RedO staining, von Kossa
  staining and histological analysis respectively.
  This first characterization is essential for the
  second part of our study in which we are planning
  to use AD-MSCs in vivo to restore renal function
  after an induced ischemic damage in experimental
  animals.
• Link http//scidoc.org/IJST-2328-3548-02-501.ph
  p
• Article name
• Effect of Bone Marrow-derived Mesenchymal
  Stem Cells and Umbilical Cord Blood-CD34 cells
  on Experimental Rat liver Fibrosis
• Background and Objective Liver
  disease is one of the major causes of death in
  many countries. Hence, the development of
  effective therapies for liver fibrosis is a major
  aim of medical research. So this study was
  designed to investigate the therapeutical role of
  mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and hematopoietic
  stem cells (HSCs) transplantation in the
  experimental rat liver fibrosis.
• Design and Method Bone marrow-derived
  MSCs were isolated from femoral and tibial bones
  of male albino rats, then were grown and
  propagated in culture for 2 weeks and were
  characterized morphologically and by detection of
  CD29 by real time-PCR. Human umbilical cord blood
  cells were obtained after full-term caesarean
  delivery from healthy donors after written
  informed consent. Low-density mononuclear cells
  were separated over Ficoll- Paque
  (Gibco-Invitrogen, Grand Island, NY), and then
  CD34 HSC was isolated using a magnetic cell
  sorter (MiniMACS Miltenyi Biotec, Bergisch
  Gladbach, Germany). The cells were then infused
  intraperitoneally in rats that received CCl4
  injection to induce liver fibrosis. Rats were
  divided into 4 groups control, CCl4, CCl4 plus
  MSC, and CCl4 plus CD34. Liver tissue was
  examined histopathologically for all groups. The
  expression of collagen I and metalloproteinase-2
  genes as a marker of liver fibrosis was measured
  by real time RT- PCR.
• Results The results of the present
  study showed that both MSCs and CD34 have a
  significant antifibrotic effect as evidenced by
  the significant decrease in liver collagen gene
  expression as well as the decrease in MMP-2 (p lt
  0.05) compared to the CCl4 group.
• Link http//scidoc.org/IJST-2328-3548-02-301.php
  

4

• Article name
• Effect of Snake Venom Disintegrin like
  domain on the Homing of Mesenchymal Stem Cells
• Mesenchymal stem cells have many
  advantages as grafts for cell transplantation.
  The homing of MSCs after systemic infusion is
  still poorly understood. This report explored the
  effect of the combination of BM-MSCs with
  Disintegrin like fraction obtained from Cerastes
  crude venom on the fibrotic liver of CCl4 treated
  mice. It was observed that Disintegrin like
  fraction could increase homing of BM-MSCs labeled
  with the PKH26 into the liver tissue of
  CCl4 treated mice. A significant decrease in AST
  and ALT serum levels after administration of
  Disintegrin like fraction and/or BM-MSCs in
  CCl4 treated mice were detected. VEGF was
  expressed in mice injected with CCl4 alone,
  followed by Disintegrin like fraction or both
  Disintegrin like fraction and BM-MSCs. ß- catenin
  was expressed in mice injected with CCl4 alone,
  followed by BM-MSCs or both BM-MSCs and
  Disintegrin like fraction. Caspase-3 gene was
  expressed in CCl4 treated mice injected with
  BM-MSCs or both BM-MSCs and Disintegrin like
  fraction. TNF-a and HO-1 were expressed in all
  groups. Administration of Disintegrin like
  fraction and / or BM-MSCs improved the
  histo-pathological picture and showed signs of
  regeneration in CCl4 induced liver fibrosis.In
  conclusion, Disintegrin like fraction could
  increase homing of BM-MSCs into the liver tissue
  of CCl4 treated mice. Further studies need to be
  done to explore the mechanism of homing caused by
  Disintegrin.
• Link http//scidoc.org/IJST-2328-3548-02-302.php
  
• Article Name
• Human Peripheral Blood Derived
  Hematopoietic Stem Cell History, the Isolation
  Methods and Investigation of Different Parameters
  Effects on Their Differentiation to the Body
  Cells.
• Blood and the system that forms it,
  known as the hematopoietic system, consist of
  many cell types with specialized functions. Red
  blood cells (erythrocytes) carry oxygen to the
  tissues. Platelets (derived from megakaryocytes)
  help prevent bleeding. Granulocytes (neutrophils,
  basophils and eosinophils) and macrophages
  (collectively known as myeloid cells) fight
  infections from bacteria, fungi, and other
  parasites such as nematodes (ubiquitous small
  worms). Some of these cells are also involved in
  tissue and bone remodeling and removal of dead
  cells. B-lymphocytes produce antibodies, while
  T-lymphocytes can directly kill or isolate by
  inflammation cells recognized as foreign to the
  body, including many virus-infected cells and
  cancer cells. Many blood cells are short-lived
  and need to be replenished continuously the
  average human requires approximately one hundred
  billion new hematopoietic cells each day. The
  continued production of these cells depends
  directly on the presence of Hematopoietic Stem
  Cells (HSCs), the ultimate, and only, source of
  all these. Peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) are
  rapidly becoming the primary rescue modality for
  autologous transplantation and are now actively
  being investigated in the allogeneic transplant
  setting. Many investigators and clinical
  researchers believe that PBSC are likely to
  replace bone marrow stem cells entirely, for use
  in clinical transplantation in the not too
  distant. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are the
  blood cells that give rise to all the other blood
  cells. They give rise to the myeloid (monocytes
  and macrophages, neutrophils, basophils,
  eosinophils, erythrocytes, megakaryocytes/platelet
  s, dendritic cells), and lymphoid lineages
  (T-cells, B-cells, NK-cells). The definition of
  hematopoietic stem cells has changed in the last
  two decades. The hematopoietic tissue contains
  cells with long-term and short-term regeneration
  capacities and committed multipotent,
  oligopotent, and unipotent progenitors.
• Link http//scidoc.org/IJST-2328-3548-02-302.php
  

5

• Article Name
• Relationship Between Stem Cell
  Pluripotency and Physical Activity Levels In
  Office Workers Rationale and Study Design for
  the Stand Up Stem Cells (SUSC) Randomized Trial.
• Background Excessive time spent in
  sedentary behaviours (sitting or lying with low
  energy expenditure) is associated with an
  increased risk for type 2 diabetes,
  cardiovascular disease and some cancers.
  Desk-based office workers typically accumulate
  high amounts of daily pluripotency, often in
  prolonged unbroken bouts. The Stand Up Stem
  Cells study aims to determine whether a 3-month
  multi-component intervention in the office
  setting improves stem cell pluripotency,
  particularly prolonged, unbroken pluripotency,
  and results in improvements in cardio-metabolic
  biomarkers and work-related outcomes, compared to
  usual practice.
• Methods/Design A two-arm
  cluster-randomized controlled trial (RCT), with
  worksites as the unit of randomization, will be
  conducted in 16 worksites located in Victoria,
  Australia. Work units from one organisation
  (Department of Human Services, Australian
  Government) will be allocated to either the
  multi-component intervention (organisational,
  environmental height-adjustable workstations,
  and individual behavioural strategies) or to a
  usual practice control group. The recruitment
  target is 160 participants (office-based workers
  aged 18-65 years and working at least 0.6 full
  time equivalent) per arm. At each assessment (0-
  baseline, 3- post intervention, and 12-months
  follow-up), objective measurement via the
  activPAL3 activity monitor will be used to assess
  workplace pluripotency (primary outcome)
  prolonged pluripotency (pluripotency accrued in
  bouts of 30 minutes) standing time
  sit-to-stand transitions and, moving time.
  Additional outcomes assessed will include
  non-workplace activity cardio-metabolic
  biomarkers and health indicators (including
  fasting glucose, lipids and insulin
  anthropometric measures blood pressure and,
  musculoskeletal symptoms) and, work-related
  outcomes (presenteeism, absenteeism,
  productivity, work performance). Incremental
  cost-effectiveness and identification of both
  workplace and individual-level mediators and
  moderators of change will also be evaluated.
• Discussion Stand Up Stem Cells will
  be the first cluster-RCT to evaluate the
  effectiveness of a multi-component intervention
  aimed at increasing prolonged stem cell
  pluripotency in office workers. Strengths include
  the objective measurement of activity and
  assessment of the intervention on markers of
  cardio-metabolic health. Health and work-related
  benefits, as well as the cost-effectiveness of
  the intervention, will help to inform future
  occupational practice.
• Link http//scidoc.org/IJST-2328-3548-02-101.php
  
• Article Name
• From Precursor/Stem Cells to Cordocytic
  Phenotypes In The Skin
• This cytohistopathological study was
  performed to have a better knowledge of the
  continuum of cellular events, from mesenchymal
  stem cells to mature cordocytic phenotypes with
  their morphological heterogeneity and multiple
  functions in the human skin. We used light
  microscopy, as well as transmission and scanning
  electron microscopy to study multiple tissue
  fragments obtained by skin biopsy from post-burn
  tissue, surrounding superficial temporal artery,
  and skin, in cases with urticaria pigmentosa,
  Fabrys diffuse angiokeratoma, allergic
  vasculitis, hypodermitis, as well as basocellular
  nevomatosis and basocellular carcinoma. Our
  observations proved that the cordocytes appear
  from precursor/stem cells only outside the
  pericytes in the case of nascent dermal vessels,
  or from mesenchymal cells of the connective
  tissue surrounding superficial temporal artery
  within their niches, and they are responsible for
  multiple functions, especially protective for
  vessels and nerves in the reticular dermis. Their
  spatial and temporal interactions, either with
  each other or with another phenotype,
  undifferentiated or differentiated cells, and
  their implications in skin diseases, with
  changing phenotypes, position, and number, merit
  much more interest in further comprehensive
  studies. Our results showed that these protective
  interstitial cells promote useful interactions,
  influencing differentiation and fate of cells
  closely surrounded by them, as well as preventing
  or delaying some pathological processes.
• Link http//scidoc.org/IJST-2328-3548-02-102.ph
  p