Clinical pharmacy journal

1
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
Toxicology (IJCPT) http//scidoc.org/IJCPT.php
ISSN-2167-910X
2

• Article name
• Acute and Sub acute Toxicity studies on
  Siddha Herbo-mineral Anti-arthritic formulation
  "Pooneeru Diravagam" in experimental animal
  models
• Ethno pharmacological Relevance 60 of
  the world's population depends on traditional
  medicine . It is in use for primary health care
  and general health care among rural, urban, semi
  urban in both developed and developing countries
  parallel to the usage of western medicines.
  Pooneeru diravagam is an indigenous Siddha
  medicine . There is a huge cry, tall fake claims
  regarding the safety and efficacy of Siddha
  formulations. The present study is aimed to
  evaluate the safety of Pooneeru diravagam by
  determining any toxicity changes through acute
  and sub-acute toxicity studies per oral
  administration in Swiss albino rats.Materials
  and Methods Acute toxicity study was carried out
  as per OECD Guideline-423 in healthy Swiss albino
  female rat weighing 200245 gm. The Study was
  carried out in three female rats under fasting
  condition signs of toxicity were observed for
  every one hour for first 24 hours and every day
  for fortnight from the beginning of the study.
  Sub acute toxicity study was carried out as per
  OECD guidelines-407 in Swiss albino rats of
  either sex weighing 220245 gm of three groups of
  6 rats each (Three male and three female) at two
  dosage levels 0.2 ml and 0.4 ml of 28 days
  continuous drug administration (oral
  route).Results The animals were sacrificed on
  the 29th day and various blood biochemical
  parameters haematological and clinical signs were
  measured. The organ morphology such as kidney,
  liver, heart, lungs, spleen, pancreas, brain,
  ovaries and testes were processed for
  Histopathological study. The results of sub-acute
  toxicity on 29th day did not show any evidence of
  changes. Physiological, Hematological as well as
  Histopathological parameters remained unaltered
  when compared with control animals throughout the
  dosing period.Conclusions From the results it
  is concluded that usage of pooneeru diravagam at
  the dosage of 0.4 ml/kg p.o is safe for the
  population suffering from rheumatoid arthritis.
• Link http//scidoc.org/IJCPT-2167-910X
  -04-101.php
• Article name
• PPAR a/? Agonist in Management of
  Diabetic Dyslipidemia A Review
• Cardiovascular diseases are major
  contributors of mortality and morbidity in
  patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM),
  while dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia are key
  modifiable risk factors to prevent coronary
  artery disease (CAD). Although healthy diet,
  regular physical activity and maintaining a
  normal body weight are advised, patients
  generally require single or multiple drugs to
  treat T2DM. Moreover, patients with T2DM are
  prone to atherogenic diabetic dyslipidemia (ADD),
  which is characterized by elevated triglyceride,
  small dense LDL particles and low High-density
  lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. Even though
  low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) remains
  the primary target of therapy, non-high density
  lipoprotein (non-HDL) cholesterol is as an
  important parameter to be considered in clinical
  practice. Unfortunately, high-dose statin therapy
  is not advised for long term, as it can increase
  risk of new onset T2DM. On the other hand,
  glitazars are newer molecules having dual
  peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors
  (PPAR) a/? agonistic action that can improve
  lipid profile with improvement of insulin
  sensitivity. In conclusion, the overall safety of
  saroglitazar is acceptable due to minimal side
  effects, but improvement of ß cell function,
  effect on insulin sensitivity by analysis of
  insulin resistance index by using the homeostatic
  model assessment (HOMAIR) and long term
  cardiovascular benefits like atherosclerotic
  plaque stabilization or regression need to be
  confirmed.
• Link http//scidoc.org/IJCPT-2167-910X-
  04-102.php

3

• Article name
• Body Fluid Extraction of Toxic Dental
  Materials Made From Methyl Methacrylate And HPLC
  Analysis Combined With Automated SPE
• Methyl methacrylate polymer (PolyMMA) is
  widely used as the composite resin for the dental
  plate. During the preparation process of PolyMMA
  by the polymerization reaction, benzoylperoxide
  (BPO) and N,N-dimethyl P-toluidine (DMPT) are
  added as the initiator and the stimulator,
  respectively. These compounds exhibit toxicity as
  well as a residue potential, their use raises
  concerns regarding human safety. The degree of
  elution into serum or saliva was determined to
  evaluate risk to the user. Analysis was done by
  HPLC combined with solid-phase extraction using a
  C-18 column. The eluted compounds were found to
  be in the order of 10 to 70 ppm .
• Link http//scidoc.org/IJCPT-2167-910X-
  03-401.php
• Article name
• Toxic Compounds Analysis With High
  Performance Liquid Chromatography Detected By
  Electro Chemical Detector (Ecd)
• The principal area of application of
  high performance liquid chromatography-electrochem
  ical detector (HPLC-ECD) has been in the analysis
  of naturally-occurring analytes, such as
  catecholamines, and pharmaceuticals in biological
  samples, HPLC-ECD has also applied to the
  analysis of pesticides and other analytes of
  interest to the toxicologist. In this paper,
  toxic area is described. In these, ammatoxins,
  aromatic amine, nitro-compounds, algal toxins,
  fungal toxins, pesticides, veterinary drug and
  food residues will be concretely described.
• Link http//scidoc.org/IJCPT-2167-910X
  -03-301.php

4

• Article name
• Simulated Evaluation of Drug-Impaired
  Psychomotor Performance
• The purpose of this placebo-controlled,
  randomized-crossover study was to evaluate a
  computer-based divided-attention task as a method
  for measure impaired human psychomotor
  performance. The ability of the divided-attention
  task to detect and differentiate was evaluated
  using single oral doses of placebo, caffeine and
  diphenhydramine. Ten healthy men were the
  subjects of the study. Subject performance on
  divided-attention was compared with tests of
  short-term memory and a set of visual analogue
  scales. The study also assessed potential
  learning and boredom effects associated with the
  testing procedures. The results indicate a
  divided-attention task can detect and
  differentiate effects of diphenhydramine from
  those of caffeine and placebo however, it cannot
  differentiate effects of caffeine at the doses
  utilized from that of placebo. Visual analogue
  scale results corroborated these findings.
  Observations show that the short-term memory test
  was not sensitive to the effects of study
  medication. While the results observed with this
  convenient, computer-based divided-attention task
  are promising, additional studies need to be
  conducted with other classes of CNS-active drugs
  and over a range of doses.
• Link http//scidoc.org/IJCPT-2167-910X-
  03-201.php
• Article name
• A Possible Association of Sex
  Hormone-Binding Globulin with Weight Gain in the
  Valproic Acid-Treated Female Patients with
  Epilepsy
• Weight gain is a common adverse
  consequence of treatment with valproic acid.
  Although a low sex hormone-binding globulin
  (SHBG) level was shown to be an independent risk
  factor for the development of metabolic syndrome
  and type 2 diabetes in the general population,
  there is presently no data available regarding
  the association between the SHBG level and
  valproic acid-induced weight gain. The
  association between the plasma SHBG level and
  being overweight was retrospectively investigated
  in 46 valproic acid-treated and 59
  carbamazepine-treated patients with epilepsy.
  Among the female patients treated with valproic
  acid, the plasma SHBG levels tended to be
  negatively correlated with the gap between the
  body mass index value for each patient and the
  upper limit of the normal range (adjusted partial
  regression coefficient -6.86, P 0.041), and
  the SHBG levels were significantly lower in the
  overweight subjects than in the normal weight
  subjects (P 0.001). These associations were not
  observed among the valproic acid-treated male
  patients or the carbamazepine-treated male and
  female patients. The plasma SHBG levels may be
  therefore associated with being overweight in the
  valproic acid-treated female patients.
• Link http//scidoc.org/IJCPT-2167-910X-03
  -101.php