present perfect tenses

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Present Perfect Simple Vs
Present Perfect Continuous
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Present Perfect Simple Vs
Present Perfect Continuous
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Present Perfect Tenses
FORM FORM FORM
Present Perfect Simple Present Perfect Continuous
Affirmative I have played He has played I have been playing He has been playing
Negative I havent played He hasnt played I havent been playing He hasnt been playing
Interrogative Have I played? Has he played? Have I been playing? Has he been playing?
? Remember that stative verbs are not used in
Continuous tenses!
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USE Present Perfect Simple
We use the Present Perfect Simple tense to talk
about
I have visited London many times in my life

• experiences

• indefinite, unknown, unfinished time

They have bought a new car.

• a past action with results in the present

I have studied a lot and now I am tired. Dad has
broken his glasses, so he cant read now.

• actions where there is a connection between
• the past the present

He has written 16 books.
(He may write more books.)
I have been to Athens
went and came back
Note
I have gone to Athens
went and I am still there
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Time Expressions
for a period of time for 3 years, for 2
months, for 5 days, for ages, for a long time,
for five minutes, for 2 hours (I have lived in
London for 20 years.)
since the moment when sth started since
yesterday, since last month, since 2012, since
Monday, since last weekend, since I was eight (I
have lived in London since 1990.)
ever is used in questions Have you ever tried
any extreme sports? ever is also used in
affirmative sentences with a positive meaning
This is the best film I have ever seen.
never is used in affirmative sentences with a
negative meaning I
have never tried any extreme sports. ( It
is wrong to say I havent never)
just is used to describe an action finished a
couple of minutes ago
I have just finished
my homework.
already is used to describe an action finished at
some time in the past  I have already seen that
film.
yet is used in questions or in negative sentences
at the end I havent finished my homework yet. 
Have you washed the dishes yet?
More expressions before, so far, once, many
times, several times, always, lately, recently,
still, how long, today, this week / month / ,
its the first time, its the best
Present Perfect Simple
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Simple Past vs Present Perfect Simple
Present Perfect Simple Simple Past
indefinite, unknown, unfinished time Hes bought a new car. definite, known, finished time He bought this car in 2005.
an action which started in the past and continues to present She has worked here for five years. an action which started in the past and finished in the past She worked here between 1999 and 2010.
a past action with results in the present, or connected to the present John has broken his leg, so he cant play football. (It is still broken.) no results in the present, we refer to the past only John broke his leg last month. (He is fine now.)
before I have seen this film before. ago I saw this film a week ago.
today I have tidied my room today. yesterday I tidied my room yesterday.
this week We have written a test this week. last week We wrote a test last week.
How long How long have you been here? When When did you get here?
Note present perfect since simple past I
havent seen Mary since I came back from my
holiday.
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USE Present Perfect Continuous
We use the Present Perfect Continuous tense to
talk about

• an action which started in the past and
  continues till now with an
• emphasis on duration

Hes been sleeping for two hours now.

• an action which started in the past and has
  just finished with
• results in the present

Shes tired. Shes been training hard.
Time expressions how long, for, since, all day
/ week /
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Pr Perf Simple vs Pr Perf Continuous
Present Perfect Simple Present Perfect Continuous
emphasis on the action She has listened to a new CD. emphasis on the duration of the action She has been listening to a new CD all evening.
action finished Ive read the book you lent me. action unfinished Ive been reading the book you lent me. Ive got another 50 pages to read.
emphasis on number, how many times sb has done sth I have written three letters so far. emphasis on a singular action with duration I have been writing this letter all morning.
to talk about how long when we view sth as permanent Ive worked here for thirty years. it is often used to show that sth is temporary I usually work in Alexandroupoli but Ive been working in Komotini for the last three weeks.
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So, what is Present Perfect ?
Its a bridge
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a bridge between
the past
the present

I lived in London.
I live in London.
Ive lived in London all my life.
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So, now you know how to use the Present Perfect
tenses correctly!
Good Job!