Tornado

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Tornadoes

• By Taylor Schneider
• James Ladzinski
• Michael Torres

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What is a tornado?

• A localized cyclonic low-pressure cell surrounded
  by a whirling cylinder of violent wind.
  Characterized by a funnel cloud extending below a
  cumulonimbus cloud.

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How do tornadoes form?

• 1. Air rotates because of wind shear
• 2. Faster spin makes a funnel cloud.
• 3. Funnel rotates and touches down.

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What do tornadoes look like?

• Tornadoes are funnel shape (cone shape) or
  slender rope-like form. They have swirling dust
  or debris at ground level.

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Supercell Thunderstorm

• A supercell thunderstorm is a long thunderstorm
  with updrafts and downdrafts that are balanced
  that usually produces tornadoes.

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Mesocyclone

• A mesocyclone is a rotating vortex if air in a
  supercell thunderstorm. A mesocyclone does not
  always produce tornadoes.

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Microburst

• A microburst is a downdraft in a thunderstorm
  that is less than 2.5 miles in scale. They are
  not recognized as tornadoes but they are a like
  and can cause sometimes worse damage.

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Waterspout

• A waterspout is a weak tornado that forms over
  water. But they can sometimes move on to land and
  cause damage.

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When do tornadoes occur?

• Tornadoes can happen any time and day of the
  year. In Southern states the peak is from March
  through May. In Northern states the peak is
  during the summer.

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Where do tornadoes occur?

• Tornadoes usually form in the central part of the
  United States. This area is known as tornado
  alley. The states that make up tornado alley are
  Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska, South Dakota,
  North Dakota, Iowa, Missouri, Arkansas and
  Louisiana.

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Be informed

• Tornado Watch Tornadoes are possible in your
  area. Stay tuned to radio or television news.
• Tornado Warning A tornado is either on the
  ground or has been detected by Doppler Radar.
  Seek shelter immediately.

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Fujita Scale of Tornado Intensity
SCALE WIND SPEED POSSIBLE DAMAGE Enhanced, Operational Fujita Scale
F0  40-72 mph Light damage Branches broken off trees minor roof damage EFO65-85 mph
F1 73-112 mph Moderate damage Trees snapped mobile home pushed off foundations roofs damaged EF186-110 mph
F2 113-157 mph Considerable damage Mobile homes demolished trees uprooted strong built homes unroofed EF2111-135 mph
F3 158-206 mph Severe damage Trains overturned cars lifted off the ground strong built homes have outside walls blown away EF3136-165 mph
F4 207-260 mph Devastating damage Houses leveled leaving piles of debris cars thrown 300 yards or more in the air EF4166-200 mph
F5 261-318 mph Incredible damage Strongly built homes completely blown away automobile-sized missiles generated EF5over 200 mph
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Bibliography

• http//www.eo.ucar.edu/kids/dangerwx/tornado3.htm
• http//www.vintechnology.com/journal/news-chicago-
  news/5-ways-to-help-oklahoma-tornado-victims/
• http//www.weatherwizkids.com/weather-tornado.htm
• http//www.srh.noaa.gov/bmx/?nsupercell
• http//www.britannica.com/EBchecked/media/19394/

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Bibliography

• http//www.accuweather.com/en/weather-news/great-l
  akes-waterspouts-danger/19021707
• http//oem.txkusa.org/weather.html
• http//www.ozsaferooms.com/kidzkorner.html