MUSCLES AND

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MUSCLES AND MOVEMENT
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Recap on the three different muscle fibre types
Type 1 Slow oxidative fibres Type 11a Fast
Oxidative Glycolytic fibres Type 11b Fast
Glycolytic fibres
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MITOCHONDRIA- Site of ATP production
SKELETAL MUSCLE
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High level of capillaries-O2
High levels of mitochondria ATP
High Myoglobin- transport O2
Type 1 Slow Oxidative fibres
High fatigue resistance
Slow Contraction rate
Low Contractile strength
Aerobic energy system
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High level of capillaries-O2
High levels of mitochondria ATP
High Myoglobin- transport O2
Type 11a Fast Oxidative Glycolytic fibres
Fast Contraction rate
Moderate fatigue resistance
Intermediate Contractile strength
Moderate Aerobic energy system BUT HIGH
anaerobic system
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Few level of capillaries-O2
Few levels of mitochondria ATP
Few Myoglobin- transport O2
Type 11b Fast Glycolytic fibres
Fast Contraction rate
Low fatigue resistance
High Contractile strength
Low Aerobic energy system BUT HIGH anaerobic
system
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EXAM QUESTION
Identify the predominant muscle fibre being used
during the biceps curl to produce one maximum
lift. Give one structural and one functional
characteristic of that fibre type. (3
marks)
Think of your exam technique P E
E Underline key words
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What happens?
WARM UP
Why do it?
What is it?
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WHAT IS IT?

• Light aerobic exercise that place before
  exercising

• 3 parts to a warm up
• CARDIOVASCULAR PHASE
• STRETCHING PHASE (static, mobility
• dynamic)
• SPORT SPECIFIC SKILLS

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TASK
In groups of 4 Devise a warm up for an activity
of your choice Write examples for the 3
phases What are the benefits of a warm up? What
happens to the skeletal muscle as a result of a
warm up?
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PHYSIOLOGIOCAL EFFECTS ON SKELETAL MUSCLE
INCREASE IN TEMPERATURE IN THE MUSCLES AFFECTS
THE SPEED AND STRENGTHOF THE CONTRACTION
Greater elasticity of fibres improves the force
and contraction of the movement
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What are the other properties of a muscle?
Extensibility- stretch (actin and
mysoin) Elasticity- return to normal
length Excitability- respond to a nerve
stimulus Contractibility- ability to shorten
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Increase in muscle temperature increases the
speed of contraction and relaxation of the muscle
Increase in speed of nerve transmission cause
increases in muscular contraction.
Increase in enzyme activity as the muscles get
warmer This increase the strength and speed of
muscular contractions
Glucose
ENZYME ATPase
ATP
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Increase in blood and O2 to the muscles which
reduces the risk of injury.
Bundle of fibres
Muscle
Individual muscle fibre
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OTHER AFFECTS
Stretches- improves flexibility
Production of synovial joint which helps prevent
friction, Increasing efficiency of joint movements
Increase in heart rate which cause mores O2 to
delivered To the muscles needed (vasodilation)
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HOMEWORK
FIND OUT THE DEFINITION OF LINEAR MOTION AND
ANGULAR MOTION WRITE 1 EXAMPLE OF EACH