IP FLows over Optical and Wireless

1
IP FLows over Optical and Wireless IP-FLOW
UTC-based / Banyan-basedSwitch and Wi-Fi
Prototype

• This work was supported in part by funds from
  the European Commission (contract N 002807)
• Marie Curie Chairs (EXC)

2
Participants

• Mario Baldi Politecnico di Torino
• (Michele Corra Universita' di Trento)
• Giorgio Fontana Universita' di Trento
• Renato LoCigno Universita' di Trento
• Yoram Ofek Universita' di Trento
• Danilo Severina Universita' di Trento
• Prof. Giovanni Soncini Universita' di Trento

• (Deepak Agrawal Universita' di Trento)
• Paolo Larcheri Universita' di Trento
• Truong Thu Huong Universita' di Trento
• Guido Marchetto Politecnico di Torino
• Viet-Thang Nguyen Universita' di Trento
• Olga Zadedyurina Universita' di Trento

3
Agenda

• Project overview and prototype-testbed objectives
  Yoram Ofek Universita' di Trento
• Terabit switch prototype Giorgio Fontana
  Universita' di Trento
• Terabit switch control plan and signaling
  Michele Corra, Viet-Thang Nguyen Universita' di
  Trento
• Torino software-based time-driven priority switch
  Guido Marchetto, Mario Baldi - Politecnico di
  Torino
• Using Symmetricom GPS time card Guido Marchetto
  Politecnico di Torino
• GE to terabit switch interface Truong Thu Huong
  Universita' di Trento
• Terabit switch to wireless interface Paolo
  Larcheri Universita' di Trento

4
General Guidelines

• General prototype meeting at least every 3-month
• Credit for all principle
• Prototype activities is only part of a more
  general research activities
• Objective
• To have some prototype demonstration by July,
  then
• To use the prototype to obtain more funding to
  expand
• To connect Trento and Torino
• To develop and implement optoelectronic switching
  fabric
• To develop and implement GMPLS control plane
• Other activities web page, papers, seminars,

5
Prototype Functional Structure
UTC
UTC
UTC
UTC-based Switch Controller
(2)
(3)
(3)
(4)
(4)
UTC-based Network Interface
UTC-based Network Interface
Wi-Fi w/Smart Antenna
(1)
Wi-Fi w/Smart Antenna
GE
GE
Switching Fabric Prototype
(5)
(6) EPON
Optional extensions (5) Satellite interface (6)
Ethernet Passive Optical Network - EPON
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Prototype Activity Chart
SW Responsible Person Danilo
HW Responsible Person Giorgio
UTC
UTC
(3)
(2)
UTC-based Switch Controller Giorgio, Nguyen,
(Deepak, Michele)
(4)
Wi-Fi w/Smart Antenna Danilo, Paolo
UTC-based Network Interface Danilo, Guido,
Paolo, Truong
(1)
GE Giorgio, Olga
Switching Fabric Prototype Giorgio, Olga
12 Project WL QoS
Torino NetGroup Time-drive Priority
Main Demonstration Streaming of Audio and Video
Flows through Wireless and Optical IP-FLOW
between Trento and Torino
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Action Plan

• Implementation February-May 2005
• (1) Hardware implementation and testing (Giorgio,
  Olga)
• Software implementation primarily the scheduling
  operations, s.t., at predefined times in each
  UTC second while gradually changing time scales
  from milliseconds to microseconds
• (2) To change the cross-point by the switch
  controller (Nguyen, Deepak)
• (3) To send data to the switch (Truong, Guido)
  To send data to Wi-Fi (Paolo, Danilo)
• (4) Wi-Fi with directional antennas (Paolo,
  Danilo)
• Integration and testing May-July 2005

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(1) Switching Fabric Prototype
MindSpeed M21156
MindSpeed M21151
1
1
1
1
128-by-128 1280 Gbps
128-by-128 1280 Gbps
128
128
Electrical Interconnection
32
32
1
1
128-by-128 1280 Gbps
128-by-128 1280 Gbps
128
128
128x128 10 Tbps Switching Module
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(1) Switching Fabric Prototype
STEP 1 BASIC ELECTRONIC ANALOG DIGITAL TESTING
21156
Direct electrical Coupling of GE?
Direct electrical Coupling of GE?
Electrical Interconnection
Oscilloscope
21156
Error
Detector
Spectrum Analyzer
Pattern
Generator
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(1) Switching Fabric Prototype
TWO NODES with Alignment
GPS/Galileo Time Source
UTC
UTC
GPS/Galileo Time Source
UTC
UTC
SIGNALING VIA THE NETWORK
Pipeline Forwarding Switch Controller
Pipeline Forwarding Switch Controller
UTC TF Alignment
UTC TF Alignment
Electrical Interconnection
Electrical Interconnection
UTC TF Alignment
UTC TF Alignment
UTC
UTC
Remote Packet Data Source (Torino Design)
Remote Packet Data Source (Torino Design)
TF Time Frame
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(1) UTC Based Switching Test Bed
GPS time/frequency source.
GPS time/frequency source.
Pack and Unpack data with UTC.
Mindspeed demo board
Mindspeed demo board
High speed data channels
Glue logic
Glue logic
Parallel interface
Parallel interface
rs232
BERT 3.2 Gb
rs232
USB2
USB2
Low speed control channel public Internet.
12

4 x GBIC
2 x gigabit ethernet
2 x gigabit ethernet
Pack and Unpack data with UTC.
Mindspeed demo board
Mindspeed demo board
High speed data channels
Glue logic
Glue logic
Parallel interface
Parallel interface
rs232
rs232
Low speed control channel public Internet.
USB2
USB2
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(1) Switching Fabric Prototype Alignment
Time-of-Day or UTC
Pipeline Forwarding Switch Controller
Alignment
Input 1
Switching Fabric
Output 1
Idle timeSafety marginbetween two time frames
Input N
Output N
Alignment
Idle time Safety marginbetween two time
frames
t-1
t-2
t
t1
t-3
t2
Time-of-Day or UTC
Time frame
Time frame payload with a predefined number
of data units
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(1) Switching Fabric Prototype Alignment
UTC alignment problem The link delay is not
integer multiple of time frames
UTC
Switch Controller Select-out
Switch Controller Select-in
Queue 1
To Fabric
3-to-1 DMUX
1-to-3 DMUX
Queue 2
Input signal
Output signal

Queue 3
Alignment Queues
UTC alignment principle At every time frame, -
packets from the receiver are stored in one queue
and - packets to the fabric are transferred from
another queue Thus, memory access BW optical
link BW
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(1) Switching Fabric Prototype testing plan

• Testing step 1 Static testing of the cross-point
  switches
• Testing step 2 Optoelectronic transceiver to
  cross-point
• Testing step 3 Bit synchronization testing
• Testing step 4 GE to GE packet transmission
• Key issues
• Bit synchronization
• UTC synchronization software latency

• Discussion Notes
• The synchro between two card can be done with
  internal generator or with
• GPS clock and PGA logic card
• Synchro between two card it is more important
  that the two card has the same
• frequency than to know exactly what the frequency
  of them is
• MindSpeed works until 3Gb/s, but at this speed
  the distortion generates jitter.
• It can be reduced by PLL. With PLL a continuous
  flow of packets is needed to
• avoid silence that can cause loss of synchro.
• One flow in input can manage more than one flows
  in output.

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(2) UTC-based Switch Controller
UTC
(2)
UTC-based Switch Controller
(1)
Switching Fabric Prototype

• Down-load next switching configuration
• UTC synchronization software latency
• Which controller should be used? PC-based, ?
• Using FPGA card with USB interface up to 200
  MHz
• How to connect single controller to 4 cross-point
  switches

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(2) UTC-based Switch Controller

• Discussion Notes
• To use an external card with FPGA on board. The
  card can be connected to the Mindspeed Board with
  
• bus and must be connected to a PC through COM or
  USB connection.
• The controller must contain
• FPGA
• USB controller or COM port
• Programmable PLL to change the clock of FPGA
• The configuration of controller can be done with
  VHDL
• The LabView software can be user for these
  purpose, but it is only an user-interface.
• The speed of FPGA must manage the Mux (1to3) and
  DeMux(3to1)

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(3) UTC-based Network Interface
UTC
UTC
(3)
(3)
(1)
UTC-based Network Interface
UTC-based Network Interface
Switching Fabric Prototype

• Which operating system should be used?
• FreeBSD or Linux
• UTC to transmission response time UTC to GE
  card?

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(3) UTC-based Network Interface

• Discussion Notes
• The card for syncrho receive a clock from GPS
  and generate a pulse timing in the output with
• frequency that can be changed
• Developed software is online.
• Each Pc must have an UTC card for the synchro
• If a server has two processor, the OS allows to
  manage them separately?
• Software FREEBSD the system must manage the
  queue and programs to queues are written
• for this OS. There is not export for Linux?
• FreeBSD can be more flexible, but it may be more
  difficult to manage.

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(4) Wireless to Optical Interface
UTC
UTC
(3)
(3)
(4)
(4)
(1)
UTC-based Network Interface
UTC-based Network Interface
Wi-Fi w/Smart Antenna
Wi-Fi w/Smart Antenna
Switching Fabric Prototype

• Bandwidth mismatch scheduling
• Clock distribution to Wi-Fi clients mobile
  devices
• Access point from ST Microelectronics

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(4) Wireless to Optical Interface

• Discussion Notes
• The flows that arrive to wireless network is
  synchro
• The AP of the wireless LAN can be synchronized
  among them
• The policy to allow user to access to the
  network can be partially centralized.
• Synchro among users is very difficult.