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CSCI 308 Systems Analysis

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Preliminary Investigation - Situation Analysis. Project Planning and ... Role of Individuals in Society (individualism/collectivism) MAS - Masculinity Index ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: CSCI 308 Systems Analysis


1
Systems AnalysisCSCI 308
  • Instructor Stan Schuyler
  • Lecture 4
  • Projects Problems So what is the
  • Problem?

2
Topic Outline
  • Problem? What Problem?
  • Preliminary Investigation - Situation Analysis
  • Project Planning and Project Constraints
  • Team formation considerations
  • Impact on Projects
  • Interpersonal Profile Role
  • Structured Team Formation Task
  • The Assignment 5C Charge

3
Project Plan Development Keep looking!
Project ID
1st Pass Business Case and Review
4
What is the Projects Problem?
  • What is problem recognition ?
  • Define the term problem.
  • What criteria would you use to judge that you
    have a problem definition?
  • What does a problem definition (statement) look
    like?
  • What does problem decomposition mean?

5
Problem Recognition and Definition
  • You cannot solve the problem if you do not know
    what the real problem is.
  • Do different disciplines approach problem
    identification the same way?
  • How do Scientists approach problems?
  • How do Systems Analysts approach problems?
  • How do Engineers approach problems?
  • How do politicians approach problems?

6
Preliminary Investigation - Situation Analysis
  • Each situation is different in the same ways
  • The data and observables are diverse
  • Some aspects are unknown or unobserved
  • There is usually significant levels of ambiguity
  • Knowledge within the participants varies by role
    and degree
  • Your knowledge varies by experience and degree
  • Each analysis is the same in different ways
  • Your approach to gathering data and observables
    is limited to your learning and experience which
    tends to stabilize into a pattern
  • To control ambiguity and reduce it you need a
    stable framework to perform an analysis

7
Questions Find ltInterpretationsgt
  • Key Questions
  • What is produced?
  • Why produced?
  • Who or what is in action?
  • Where is the action occurring?
  • How is production done?
  • When is the action occurring?
  • What is the data?
  • How represented?
  • How presented?
  • What is the information?
  • What is the knowledge?
  • What level of Quality Control?
  • Find ltinterpretationgt
  • (Artifacts, Performance)
  • (Problem, Purpose)
  • (Actor/Agent)
  • (Place, Situation/context)
  • (Methodology)
  • (Time, Sequence)
  • (Symbols, Language)
  • (alphabet, grammar)
  • (Conveyed, transmitted)
  • (Meaning in symbols)
  • (Why How of meaning)
  • (Feedback)

8
What is the Situation?
  • Bell Labs RD Laboratory Organization
  • One Director
  • Two Departments
  • Micro-Electronics Engineering Dept. (MED)
  • Design Engineering Dept. (DED)
  • One Mission Produce High Quality Circuits on
    Silicon Chips (Very Large Scale Integrated
    Circuits VLSI)
  • Internal Relationship
  • MED designs and produces the chips
  • DED designs tools to design chips, delivers and
    supports the MED.
  • Situation MED is an unhappy customer of DED

9
So What is the Problem?
  • What is problem recognition and problem
    definition?
  • Explain the differences between problems and
    symptoms

10
Problems versus Symptoms
  • Problem
  • A difference between things as desired and things
    as perceived (Cause Weinberg, 1990)
  • One persons problem can be another persons
    opportunity

11
Problems versus Symptoms
  • Symptom
  • An outward or physical manifestation of a problem
    that becomes noticeable as some variance from the
    norm
  • A symptom is evidence of a problem, not
    necessarily (and not usually) the problem itself

12
Problem Recognition and Definition
  • You cannot solve the problem if you do not know
    what the real problem is.
  • Scientists
  • Observe a phenomenon
  • Formulate a hypothesis
  • Conduct an experiment
  • Systems Analysts
  • Recognize a variance
  • Investigate
  • Propose a solution

13
Constraints on Systems Development Projects
System in Development
14
6 Constraints on Systems Development
?
Project /System
Quality
15
Sorted by Cost-Time-Scope
What is going on here?
16
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17
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19
Project Quality, Cost and Delivery
  • Cost
  • Cost?Time
  • Cost?Time?Scope
  • Cost?Time?Scope?Architecture
  • Cost?Time?Scope?Architecture?Quality
  • Cost?Time?Scope?Architecture?Quality?Process
  • Cost?Time?Scope?Architecture?Quality?Process?Team

20
Forming Project Teams
  • On What basis?
  • Using Which Procedures?

21
Some considerations mentioned were
  • Who wants to be the leader in charge?
  • How many want to be the leader in charge?
  • Who is easy to work with?
  • Who do I like? (Why do I like?)
  • Who likes to be of service (follower)?
  • Who appears to know what they are doing?
  • Who is a loner?
  • Who is independent and reliable?
  • Who else wants an A?
  • etc.

22
How did I become this way?
  • To a certain extent you are wired genetically!
  • Dispositions
  • Aptitudes
  • To a certain extent you are socialized
  • The value system and care abouts of your
    family
  • The value systems of engaged social institutions
  • The culture of your native environment

23
Dimensions of Culture
  • PDI - Power Distance Index
  • Beliefs about Power Distribution
    (centralized/distributed)
  • IND Individualism Index
  • Role of Individuals in Society (individualism/coll
    ectivism)
  • MAS - Masculinity Index
  • Gender Role Expectations (differentiated/shared)
  • UAI - Uncertainty Avoidance Index
  • Tolerance for Risk
  • LTO Long Term Orientation
  • Time Orientation (long/short term)

Hofstede, Geert., Hofstede, Gert Jan.
(2005). Cultures and Organizations - Software of
the Mind. New York McGraw-Hill.
24
  • Cultural Impacts of
  • Power Distance
  • compared with
  • Individualism
  • By country of origin
  • Source
  • Hofstede and Hofstede,
  • Cultures Organizations
  • Software of the Mind,
  • McGraw Hill, 2005.

25
So What?
  • We are all different and bring different values,
    skills, and care abouts to the Teams table.
  • For a project team to deliver efficiently and
    effectively the individuals in the team have to?
  • Mesh!
  • Can we identify personal attributes usefully OR
    is this all B ST ?

26
And your Personal Attributes Are?
  • What are the Personal Preference Factors that
    matter the most in project teams?
  • What was the profile attempting to measure?
  • Guess what you already have indicated your
    preferences! ?

27
Forming your next Analysis Team
  • First Step, see if you can identify your profile
  • Try to find yourself from the data presented
  • Decide anonymously who you would like to work
    with based on the preference factors you see
  • Form a new Team by (explained in class)
  • The new team will be formed and charged after
    your team zero reports are delivered in Class
    5.
  • You will have selected your anonymous member
    preferences in class today.

28
Homework See Syllabus
  • Assignment 5B
  • A reminder about the Charge for Assignment 5C
    (the Team Zero Assignment).
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