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Immigration, Expansion, and Sectional Conflict

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Between 1815-1860, 5 million European immigrants landed in the United States. Years 1845-1854 largest immigration proportionate to the total ... Cliometrics ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Immigration, Expansion, and Sectional Conflict


1
Immigration, Expansion, and Sectional Conflict
  • 1840-1860
  • Enduring Vision, Chapter 13

2
New Comers and Natives
  • Between 1815-1860, 5 million European immigrants
    landed in the United States
  • Years 1845-1854 largest immigration proportionate
    to the total population in American history
  • Conceptual Frameworks?
  • Analytical Tools

3
German, Irish, and Total Immigration, 1830 1860
4
Diaspora
  • Settling of scattered colonies of Jews outside
    Palestine after the Babylonian Exile
  • The movement, migration, or scattering of a
    people away from an established or ancestral
    homeland

5
Migration Studies
  • Push Migration
  • Forced migration people forced to leave under
    threat of violence
  • Pogrom
  • Pull Migration
  • People migrate because of attraction to another
    location
  • Fuzzy

6
Diaspora (Homeland v. Host)
  • Homeland
  • Push migration, often catastrophic
  • Unable to return (loss of homeland)
  • Idealization
  • Longing to return
  • Host
  • More than one
  • Settle as group
  • Unable to blend
  • Hostile

7
Expectations and Realities
  • Push and Pull
  • Settlers and Sojourners
  • Steerage
  • High Start-up capital
  • Patterns of Immigration followed Trade Routes
  • City life
  • Uprooted or Transplanted

8
Mormon Migrations
April 6, 1830 Church organized at Fayette
Township New York January 1831 Church
establishes headquarters at Kirtland OH July 1831
Mormon communities also established in
Missouri Severe persecutions push Mormons out of
both states April 1839 Negotiations to
purchase land on Mississippi border of IL
9
Mormon Persecutions
  • Beatings Tar and Feathering
  • House burning Crop and Property destruction
  • Extermination Order
  • Hauns Mill Massacre
  • Martyrdom

10
Mormon Exodus
  • February 1846 Brigham Young begins exodus to Salt
    Lake Valley in 0 degree weather
  • Approximately 1000 miles
  • Covered wagons, horses, handcarts
  • Came from Eastern United States and Europe
  • Almost 100,000 pioneers
  • Colonized throughout Utah and Western United
    States

11
Brigham Young
12
The Germans
  • Diverse nationality
  • Diverse religious background
  • Diverse economic background
  • Common Language
  • Cycle clannish spawns suspicion spawns more
    clannishness

13
The Irish
  • Distinct Waves of Migration
  • 1845 1850 Potato Famine
  • Overwhelming poor and Catholic
  • Entered workforce young and often at low paid
    dangerous jobs
  • Staunch anti-abolitionists
  • Able to climb social ladder

14
The Chinese
  • 1848 Arrived during Gold Rush
  • Push and Pull
  • Sugar Plantations at Hawaii
  • 1882 Chinese Exclusion Act

15
  • Figures often beguile me, particularly when I
    have the arranging of them myself "There are
    three kinds of lies lies, damned lies and
    statistics."- Autobiography of Mark Twain

16
Cliometrics
  • The application of methods developed in other
    fields (as economics, statistics, and data
    processing) to the study of history.
  • Clio Muse of History
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